静态路由的配置实验

一、实验拓扑

二、实验需求

1.除了R5的环回地址固定在5.5.5.0/24，其他网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理划分
2.R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，模拟PC，地址也在192.168.1.0/24网络内
3.R1-R4不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问
4.全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器的路由条目数量，避免环路
5.R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M

三、实验步骤

1、划分网段

可以将192.168.1.0/24网段划分为骨干网段，以及R1到R4的环回网段
划分结果为：192.168.1.0/24
1：92.168.1.0/27 骨干
192.168.1.0/30
192.168.1.4/30
192.168.1.8/30
192.168.1.12/30
192.168.1.16/30
192.168.1.20/30

2：192.168.1.32/27 R1
192.168.1.32/28
192.168.1.48/28

3：192.168.1.64/27 R2
192.168.1.64/28
192.168.1.80/28

4：192.168.1.96/27 R3
192.168.1.96/28
192.168.1.112/28

5：192.168.1.128/27 R4
192.168.1.128/28
192.168.1.144/28

2、配置ip地址和环回接口

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.97 28
[R3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.113 28

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.21 30
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.22 30
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.1 24

3、配置静态路由

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21

4、配置缺省路由

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

5、配置防环设计

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL0
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL0
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL0
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL0

6、配置R4与R5间的优先级

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61

四、测试

全网可达测试

R1路由表检查

R2路由表检查

R3路由表检查

R4路由表检查

R5路由表检查

实验结束