2021-06-16

消息队列：
1，消息队列的创建与打开
原型：int msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);
2，向消息队列中发送消息
原型：int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);
3，从消息队列中接收消息
原型：ssize_t msgrcv(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp, int msgflg);
4，消息队列的控制
原型：int msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, struct msqid_ds *buf);

系统建立IPC通讯（如消息队列、共享内存时）必须指定一个ID值 。通常情况下，该id值通过ftok函数得到 。
参数说明：

            fname就是指定的文档名

            id是子序号。

ftok原型如下：
key_t ftok( char * fname, int id )

消息队列实现通信：

send：
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
struct msgBuf {
long mtype;
char mtext[128];

};

int main()
{
struct msgBuf readBuf;
struct msgBuf sendBuf = {888,“this is from send”};
key_t key;
key = ftok(".",‘z’); //获取key “.” 表示当前路径
printf(“key=%x\n”,key);

    int msgId = msgget(key,IPC_CREAT|0777);
    if(msgId == -1){
            printf("creat faul\n");
    }

    if(msgsnd(msgId,&sendBuf,strlen(sendBuf.mtext),0)==-1){

            printf("send fail\n");
    }

    if(msgrcv(msgId,&readBuf,sizeof(readBuf.mtext),988,0)==-1){
            printf("reserve fail\n");
    }
    printf("return reserve:%s\n",readBuf.mtext);

	msgctl(msgId,IPC_RMID,NULL);
    return 0;

}

server：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <string.h>

struct msgBuf{
long mtype;
char mtext[128];
};

int main()
{

    struct msgBuf readBuf ;
    struct msgBuf sendBuf ={988,"thamk you for reach"};
    int msgId;
    key_t key;
    key = ftok(".",'z');                //获取key
    printf("key=%x\n",key);

    msgId = msgget(key,IPC_CREAT|0777);
    if(msgId == -1){
            printf("creat fail\n");

    }

    if(msgrcv(msgId,&readBuf,sizeof(readBuf.mtext),888,0)==-1){
            printf("receve fail\n");
    }
    printf("read from send:%s\n",readBuf.mtext);

    if(msgsnd(msgId,&sendBuf,sizeof(sendBuf.mtext),0) == -1){

            printf("send fail\n");
    }
    msgctl(msgId,IPC_RMID,NULL);

    return 0;

}

运行结果为：