tcp网络编程:
1,int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
domain指定协议族;type参数指定socket的类型:SOCK_STREAM、SOCK_DGRAM、SOCK_RAW;protocol通常赋值"0"。
2, int bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *my_addr, int addrlen);
sockfd是一个socket描述符,my_addr是一个指向包含有本机IP地址及端口号等信息的sockaddr类型的针; addrlen常被设置为sizeof(struct sockaddr)。
struct sockaddr_in
{
short sin_family;
u_short sin_port;
struct in_addr sin_addr;
char sin_zero[8];
};
字节转换API:
uint32_t htonl(uint32_t hostlong);
uint16_t htons(uint16_t hostshort);
uint32_t ntohl(uint32_t netlong);
uint16_t ntohs(uint16_t netshort);
————h代表host,n代表net,s代表short(两个字节),l代表long(四个字节),通过上面的四个函数可以实现主机字节序和网络字节序之间的转换。
atoi() 函数用来将字符串转换成整数(int),其原型为:
int atoi (const char * str);
地址转换API:int inet_aton(const char*straddr,struct in_addr *addr) 把字符串形式的“192.168.43.xxx”转化为网络能识别的格式
char *inet_ntoa(struct in_addr inaddr); 把网络格式ip地址转化为字符串形式
3, int listen(int sockfd, int backlog);
sockfd是socket系统调用返回的服务器端socket描述符;backlog指定在请求队列中允许的最大请求数,进入的连接请求将在队列中等待accept()它们
4,int accept(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *addr, int *addrlen);
sockfd是被监听的服务器socket描述符,addr通常是一个指向sockaddr_in变量的指针,该变量用来存放提出连接请求的客户端地址;addrten通常为一个指向值为sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)的整型指针变量。
- connect()函数用来与远端服务器建立一个TCP连接其函数原型为:
int connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *serv_addr, int addrlen);
sockfd是目的服务器的sockt描述符;serv_addr是服务器端的IP地址和端口号的地址
6,socket发送与接收数据
int send(int sockfd, const void *msg, int len, int flags);
int recv(int sockfd,void *buf,int len,unsigned int flags);
实现双方不断交互:
server端:
#include<stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc ,char **argv)
{
int c_fd;
int s_fd;
int n_read;
char msg[128] ={0} ;
char readBuf[128];
struct sockaddr_in s_addr;
struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
memset(&s_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
memset(&c_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
if(argc != 3){
printf("param is not good\n");
exit(-1);
}
s_fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(s_fd == -1){
perror("socket\n");
exit(-1);
}
s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
inet_aton(argv[1],&s_addr.sin_addr);
bind(s_fd,(struct sockaddr *)&s_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
listen(s_fd,10);
int clen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
while(1){
c_fd = accept(s_fd,(struct sockaddr *)&c_addr,&clen);
if(c_fd == -1){
perror("accept\n");
}
printf("get connet:%s\n",inet_ntoa(c_addr.sin_addr));
if(fork() == 0){
if(fork() ==0){
while(1){
memset(msg,0,sizeof(msg));
printf("input:\n");
gets(msg);
write(c_fd,msg,strlen(msg));
}
}
while(1){
memset(readBuf,0,sizeof(readBuf));
n_read = read(c_fd,readBuf,128);
if(n_read == -1){
perror("read\n");
}else{
printf("get mesage:%d,%s\n",n_read,readBuf);
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}
client端:
#include<stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc ,char **argv)
{
int n_read;
char msg[128] ={0} ;
char readBuf[128];
struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
memset(&c_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
if(argc != 3){
perror("param is fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
int c_fd;
c_fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(c_fd == -1){
perror("socket\n");
exit(-1);
}
c_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
c_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
inet_aton(argv[1],&c_addr.sin_addr);
if(connect(c_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&c_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1){
perror("connect\n");
exit(-1);
}
while(1){
if(fork() == 0){
while(1){
memset(msg,0,sizeof(msg));
printf("input: \n");
gets(msg);
write(c_fd,msg,strlen(msg));
}
}
while(1){
memset(readBuf,0,sizeof(readBuf));
n_read = read(c_fd,readBuf,128);
if(n_read == -1){
perror("read\n");
}else{
printf("get mesage:%d,%s\n",n_read,readBuf);
}
}
}
return 0;
}
运行结果为: