15.在springboot中的事务处理

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-04 16:00:07 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-04 16:00:07 发布

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分类专栏： springboot 文章标签： spring boot 后端 mybatis

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_59334478/article/details/126699175

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Spring Boot 使用事务非常简单，底层依然采用的是 Spring 本身提供的事务管理

➢ 在入口类中使用注解 @EnableTransactionManagement 开启事务支持

➢ 在访问数据库的 Service 方法上添加注解 @Transactional 即可

通过 SpringBoot +MyBatis 实现对数据库学生表的更新操作，在 service 层的方法中构建

异常，查看事务是否生效。

项目结构

1.pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.3</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.it</groupId>
    <artifactId>019-springboot-transactional</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>019-springboot-transactional</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>

        <!--web的起步依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis的起步依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>

        <!--处理资源目录-->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.*</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>


        <plugins>

            <!--mybatis代码自动生成插件-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.6</version>
                <configuration>
                    <!--配置文件的位置：在项目的根目录下，和src是平级的-->
                    <configurationFile>GeneratorMapper.xml</configurationFile>
                    <verbose>true</verbose>
                    <overwrite>true</overwrite>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2.添加GeneratorMapper.xml在整个项目的根目录下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">

<generatorConfiguration>

    <!-- 指定连接数据库的JDBC驱动包所在位置，指定到你本机的完整路径 -->
    <classPathEntry location="D:\jsp\MySql数据库软件\mysql-connector-java-5.1.48\mysql-connector-java-5.1.48.jar"/>

    <!-- 配置table表信息内容体，targetRuntime指定采用MyBatis3的版本 -->
    <context id="tables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">

        <!-- 抑制生成注释，由于生成的注释都是英文的，可以不让它生成 -->
        <commentGenerator>
            <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true" />
        </commentGenerator>

        <!-- 配置数据库连接信息 -->
        <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
                        connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot1"
                        userId="root"
                        password="输入你的数据库连接密码">
        </jdbcConnection>

        <!-- 生成model类，targetPackage指定model类的包名， targetProject指定生成的model放在eclipse的哪个工程下面-->
        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.it.model"
                            targetProject="D:\JAVA互联网分布式\springBoot2Test\019-springboot-transactional\src\main\java">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" />
            <property name="trimStrings" value="false" />
        </javaModelGenerator>

        <!-- 生成MyBatis的Mapper.xml文件，targetPackage指定mapper.xml文件的包名， targetProject指定生成的mapper.xml放在eclipse的哪个工程下面 -->
        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="mapper" targetProject="src\main\resources">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" />
        </sqlMapGenerator>

        <!-- 生成MyBatis的Mapper接口类文件,targetPackage指定Mapper接口类的包名， targetProject指定生成的Mapper接口放在eclipse的哪个工程下面 -->
        <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.it.dao" targetProject="src/main/java">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" />
        </javaClientGenerator>

        <!-- 数据库表名及对应的Java模型类名 -->
        <table tableName="student" domainObjectName="Student"
               enableCountByExample="false"
               enableUpdateByExample="false"
               enableDeleteByExample="false"
               enableSelectByExample="false"
               selectByExampleQueryId="false"/>

    </context>

</generatorConfiguration>

3.点击mybatis逆向工程的插件，自动生成model包下的实体类Studnet

package com.it.model;

public class Student {
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private Integer age;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

4.mybatis逆向工程插件自动生成dao包下的StudentMapper接口

package com.it.dao;

import com.it.model.Student;

public interface StudentMapper {
    int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer id);

    int insert(Student record);

    int insertSelective(Student record);

    Student selectByPrimaryKey(Integer id);

    int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Student record);

    int updateByPrimaryKey(Student record);
}

5.mybatis逆向工程插件自动生成resources目录下的mapper包下的StudentMapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.it.dao.StudentMapper">
  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.it.model.Student">
    <id column="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="id" />
    <result column="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="name" />
    <result column="age" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="age" />
  </resultMap>
  <sql id="Base_Column_List">
    id, name, age
  </sql>
  <select id="selectByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
    select 
    <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
    from student
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </select>
  <delete id="deleteByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Integer">
    delete from student
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </delete>
  <insert id="insert" parameterType="com.it.model.Student">
    insert into student (id, name, age
      )
    values (#{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}, #{name,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER}
      )
  </insert>
  <insert id="insertSelective" parameterType="com.it.model.Student">
    insert into student
    <trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides=",">
      <if test="id != null">
        id,
      </if>
      <if test="name != null">
        name,
      </if>
      <if test="age != null">
        age,
      </if>
    </trim>
    <trim prefix="values (" suffix=")" suffixOverrides=",">
      <if test="id != null">
        #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
      <if test="name != null">
        #{name,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="age != null">
        #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
    </trim>
  </insert>
  <update id="updateByPrimaryKeySelective" parameterType="com.it.model.Student">
    update student
    <set>
      <if test="name != null">
        name = #{name,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="age != null">
        age = #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
    </set>
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </update>
  <update id="updateByPrimaryKey" parameterType="com.it.model.Student">
    update student
    set name = #{name,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      age = #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER}
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </update>
</mapper>

6.设置项目核心配置文件application.properties文件

#设置端口
server.port=9002
server.servlet.context-path=/mytrans

#配置数据库
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot1?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456

#配置mybatis
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml

#开启日志
mybatis.configuration.log-impl=org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

7.设置业务接口StudnetService

8.实现业务接口StudentServiceImpl类，在这里设置事务处理

package com.it.service.impl;

import com.it.dao.StudentMapper;
import com.it.model.Student;
import com.it.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    @Resource
   private StudentMapper studentMapper;


    /*
    @Transactional:表示方法有事务的支持
    默认：使用数据库的隔离级别，传播行为：REQUIRED，超时时间：-1
    抛出运行时异常，回滚事务
     */
    @Transactional
    @Override
    public int addStudent(Student student) {
        System.out.println("业务方法addStudent");
        int i = studentMapper.insert(student);
        System.out.println("执行sql语句");
        //抛出一个运行时异常，目的是回滚事务
//        int m=10/0;

        return i;
    }
}

9.设置controller层的StudnetController类

package com.it.controller;

import com.it.model.Student;
import com.it.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Controller
public class StudentController {

    @Resource
    private StudentService studentService;

    @RequestMapping("/addStudent")
    @ResponseBody
    public String addStudent(String name,Integer age){
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setName(name);
        student.setAge(age);

        int i = studentService.addStudent(student);
        return "添加学生："+i;
    }

}

10.设置主入口函数的配置，添加mapper扫描注解和事务管理注解

package com.it;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

/**
 * @EnableTransactionManagement:启用事务管理器
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTransactionManagement
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.it.dao")
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

}

运行主函数进行测试

1.首先不在业务实现类编写算术异常，查看数据是否可以正常添加

2.现在添加上算术异常，查看是否发生事务回滚

成功抛出算数异常，查看数据库是否添加成功，如果数据没有添加成功，说明事务回滚成功。

刷新数据库表后，没有数据的加入，说明事务回滚成功。

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15.在springboot中的事务处理

通过 SpringBoot +MyBatis 实现对数据库学生表的更新操作，在 service 层的方法中构建。Spring Boot 使用事务非常简单，底层依然采用的是 Spring 本身提供的事务管理。在访问数据库的 Service 方法上添加注解 @Transactional 即可。成功抛出算数异常，查看数据库是否添加成功，如果数据没有添加成功，说明事务回滚成功。刷新数据库表后，没有数据的加入，说明事务回滚成功。异常，查看事务是否生效。
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