d17面向对象基础

1. 定义一个狗类和一个人类：

   狗拥有属性：姓名、性别和品种 拥有方法：叫唤

   人类拥有属性：姓名、年龄、狗 拥有方法：遛狗

   class Dog:
       def __init__(self, d_name, d_sex,d_breed):
           self.name = d_name
           self.sex = d_sex
           self.breed = d_breed
       def bark(self):
           print('叫唤')
   
   class Person:
       def __init__(self, name, age, dog):
           self.name = name
           self.age = age
           self.dog = dog
       def walk_dog(self):
           print('遛狗')
   

2. 定义一个矩形类，拥有属性：长、宽 拥有方法：求周长、求面积

   
   class Rectangle:
       def __init__(self, l, w):
           self.length = l
           self.width = w
   
       def perimeter(self):
           return (self.length + self.width) * 2
   
       def area(self):
           return self.length * self.width
   

3. 定义一个二维点类，拥有属性：x坐标、y坐标 拥有方法：求当前点到另外一个点的距离

   class Point:
       def __init__(self, x, y):
           self.x_point = x
           self.y_point = y
   
       def distance(self, x1, y1):
           return ((self.x_point - x1)**2 + (self.y_point - y1) ** 2) ** 0.5
   
   

4. 定义一个圆类，拥有属性：半径、圆心 拥有方法：求圆的周长和面积、判断当前圆和另一个圆是否外切

   class Circle:
       pi = 3.141592653
   
       def __init__(self, r, x, y):
           self.radius = r
           self.centerx = x
           self.centery = y
   
       def perimeter(self):
           return 2 * Circle.pi * self.radius
   
       def area(self):
           return Circle.pi * self.radius ** 2
   
       def excircle(self, r1, x1, y1):
           if self.radius + r1 != ((self.centerx - x1) ** 2 + (self.centery - y1) ** 2) ** 0.5:
               print('不是外切圆')
           else:
               print('是外切圆')
   

5. 定义一个线段类，拥有属性：起点和终点， 拥有方法：获取线段的长度

   class Line:
       def __init__(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
           self.startx = x1
           self.starty = y1
           self.endx = x2
           self.endy = y2
   
       def length(self):
           return ((self.startx - self.endx) ** 2 + (self.starty - self.endy) ** 2) ** 0.5