驱动 字符设备分步注册

按照字符设备驱动分步注册的方式实现控制3个灯

头文件：

#ifndef __MYLED_H__
#define __MYLED_H__


typedef struct
{
    volatile unsigned int  MODER;
    volatile unsigned int  OTYPER;
    volatile unsigned int  OSPEEDR;
    volatile unsigned int  PUPDR; 
    volatile unsigned int  IDR;
    volatile unsigned int   ODR;
    volatile unsigned int   BSRR;

}gpio_t;
#define PHY_LED1_ADDR 0x50006000
#define PHY_LED2_ADDR 0x50007000
#define PHY_LED3_ADDR 0x50006000
#define PHY_RCC_ADDR 0X50000A28

//开灯
#define LED_ON _IOW('l',1,int)
//关灯
#define LED_OFF _IOW('l',0,int)

#endif

驱动代码：

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include<linux/cdev.h>
#include<linux/fs.h>
#include<linux/uaccess.h>
#include<linux/slab.h>
#include<linux/io.h>
#include<linux/device.h>
#include"myled.h"

//定义字符设备驱动结构体对象指针
struct cdev *cdev;

#if 1
unsigned int major=0;//进行动态申请设备号
#else
unsigned int major=500;//进行静态指定设备号
#endif

gpio_t *vir_led1;
gpio_t *vir_led2;
gpio_t *vir_led3;
unsigned int*vir_rcc;
unsigned int minor=0;//次设备号
int count=1;//设备数量
struct class *cls;//指向设备目录的指针
struct device *dev;//指向设备节点的指针
char kbuf[128]={0};

int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;   
}

ssize_t mycdev_read(struct file *file, char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *off)
{
    int ret;//定义变量接收函数返回值
     printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
     //先判断size的大小是否大于内核kbuf的大小，如果比kbuf大，把size的数据修改 为kbuf的大小
     if(size>sizeof(kbuf))
        size=sizeof(kbuf);
    //将kbuf的数据拷贝给用户空间
    ret=copy_to_user(ubuf,kbuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("copy_to_user filed\n");
        return -EIO;
    }

    return 0;
}

ssize_t mycdev_write(struct file *file, const char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *off)
{
    int ret;//定义变量接收函数返回值
     printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
     //先判断size的大小是否大于内核kbuf的大小，如果比kbuf大，把size的数据修改 为kbuf的大小
     if(size>sizeof(kbuf))
        size=sizeof(kbuf);
    //从用户空间拷贝数据
     ret=copy_from_user(kbuf,ubuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("copy_from_user filed\n");
        return -EIO;
    }

    return 0;
}

//ioctl
long mycdev_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    int whitch,ret;
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    
    switch(cmd)
    {
        
        case LED_ON:
             //判断哪个灯开
             //通过copy_from_user来接收第三个参数
             ret=copy_from_user(&whitch,(void *)arg,sizeof(int));
             printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
             if(ret)
             {
                printk("copy_from_user filed\n");
                return -EIO;
             }
            switch(whitch)
            {
                
                case 1:
                   vir_led1->ODR |= (1<<10);
                    break;
                 case 2:
                    vir_led2->ODR |= (1<<10);
                    break;
                 case 3:
                    vir_led3->ODR |= (1<<8);
                  break;
                
            }
             break;
        case LED_OFF:
             ret=copy_from_user(&whitch,(void *)arg,sizeof(int));
             printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
             if(ret)
             {
                printk("copy_from_user filed\n");
                return -EIO;
             }
            switch(whitch)
            {
                
                case 4:
                   vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1<<10));
                    break;
                 case 5:
                    vir_led2->ODR &= (~(1<<10));
                    break;
                 case 6:
                  vir_led3->ODR &= (~(1<<8));
                  break;
                
            }
             break;

    }
    return 0;
}

int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
     printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}

//定义操作方法结构体
struct file_operations fops =
{
    .open=mycdev_open,
    .read=mycdev_read,
    .write=mycdev_write,
    .unlocked_ioctl=mycdev_ioctl, 
    .release=mycdev_close,
};

//进行寄存器地址映射和初始化函数
int all_led_init(void)
{
    vir_led1=ioremap(PHY_LED1_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(vir_led1==NULL)
    {
        printk("led1地址映射失败\n");
        return -ENOMEM;

    }
    
    vir_led2=ioremap(PHY_LED2_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(vir_led2==NULL)
    {
        printk("led2地址映射失败\n");
        return -ENOMEM;

    }
    
    vir_led3=ioremap(PHY_LED3_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(vir_led3==NULL)
    {
        printk("led3地址映射失败\n");
        return -ENOMEM;

    }

    vir_rcc=ioremap(PHY_RCC_ADDR,4);
    if(vir_rcc==NULL)
    {
        printk("rcc地址映射失败\n");
        return -ENOMEM;
    }

    printk("寄存器地址映射成功\n");
    //寄存器初始化
    //led1
    vir_led1->MODER &= (~(3<<20));
    vir_led1->MODER |= (1<<20);//led1输出
    vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1<<10));//led1输出低电平
    //led2
    vir_led2->MODER &= (~(3<<20));
    vir_led2->MODER |= (1<<20);
    vir_led2->ODR &= (~(1<<10));
    //led3
     vir_led3->MODER &= (~(3<<16));
    vir_led3->MODER |= (1<<16);
    vir_led3->ODR &= (~(1<<8));
    //rcc
    (*vir_rcc) |= (3<<4);
    printk("寄存器配置成功\n");
    return 0;
}

static int __init mycdev_init(void)
{
    int ret,i;
    dev_t devno;//设备号
    //给字符设备驱动对象申请空间
    cdev=cdev_alloc();
    if(cdev==NULL)
    {
        printk("给字符设备驱动对象申请空间失败\n");
        ret=-ENOMEM;
        goto ERR1;
    }
    printk("给字符设备驱动对象申请空间成功\n");
    //对象的初始化
    cdev_init(cdev,&fops);
    //申请设备号
    if(major==0)//动态申请
    {
        ret=alloc_chrdev_region(&devno,minor,count,"mycdev");
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("动态指定设备号失败\n");
            goto ERR2;
        }
        //获取主设备号和次设备号
        major=MAJOR(devno);//获取主设备号
        minor=MINOR(devno);//获取次设备号
    }
    else if(major>0)//静态指定
    {
        ret=register_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),count,"mycdev");
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("静态指定设备号失败\n");
            goto ERR2;
        }
    }
    printk("设备号申请成功\n");
    //将字符设备驱动注册进内核
    ret=cdev_add(cdev,MKDEV(major,minor),count);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("字符设备驱动注册失败\n");
        goto ERR3;
    }
    //自动创建设备节点
    //向上提交提交目录
    cls=class_create(THIS_MODULE,"mycdev");
    if(IS_ERR(cls))
    {
        printk("向上提交目录失败\n");
        ret=PTR_ERR(cls);
        goto ERR4;
    }
    printk("向上提交目录成功\n");
    //向上提交设备节点
    for(i=0;i<count;i++)
    {
        dev=device_create(cls,NULL,MKDEV(major,i),NULL,"mycdev%d",i);
        if(IS_ERR(dev))
        {
            printk("向上提交节点信息失败\n");
            ret=PTR_ERR(dev);
            goto ERR5;
        }
    }
    printk("向上提交节点信息成功\n");

   //寄存器映射
   all_led_init();

    return 0;

ERR5:
    for(--i;i>=0;i--)
    {
        device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,i));
    }
        class_destroy(cls);
ERR4:
    cdev_del(cdev);
ERR3:
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),count);
ERR2:
    kfree(cdev);
ERR1:
    return ret;
}


static void __exit mycdev_exit(void)
{
    //销毁设备节点
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<count;i++)
    {
        device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,i));
    }
    //销毁目录
    class_destroy(cls);
     
    //取消物理地址的映射
    iounmap(vir_led1);
    iounmap(vir_led2);
    iounmap(vir_led3);
    iounmap(vir_rcc);

    //删除驱动对象
    cdev_del(cdev);
    //销毁设备号
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),count);
    //释放动态申请的字符设备驱动的对象空间
     kfree(cdev);

}
module_init(mycdev_init);
module_exit(mycdev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

主函数测试：

#include<stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include"myled.h"
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    int whitch=1;//选择哪一个灯 
    //char buf[128]={0};
    //打开设备节点
    int fd=open("/dev/mycdev0",O_RDWR);
    //int fd1=open("/dev/mycdev1",O_RDWR);
    //int fd2=open("/dev/mycdev2",O_RDWR);
    if(fd<0)
    {
        printf("设备节点打开失败\n");
        exit(-1);
    }
    printf("设备节点打开成功\n");
    

    while(1)
    {
        //在终端输入数据
        printf("请输入命令>>>(123开、456关)\n");
        scanf("%d", &whitch);
        getchar();

        if(1==whitch)
        ioctl(fd,LED_ON,&whitch);
        else if(2==whitch)
        ioctl(fd,LED_ON,&whitch);
        else if(3==whitch)
        ioctl(fd,LED_ON,&whitch);
        
        else if(4==whitch)
        ioctl(fd,LED_OFF,&whitch);
        else if(5==whitch)
        ioctl(fd,LED_OFF,&whitch);
        else if(6==whitch)
        ioctl(fd,LED_OFF,&whitch);
        
    }
  
  
    close(fd);
    return 0;
}

实验结果（串口显示）：