第四章复合类型 编程练习

1.编写一个C++程序，如下述输出示例所示的那样请求并显示信息。

What is your first name? Betty Sue

What is your last name? Yewe

What letter grade do you deserve? B

What is your age? 22

Name: Yewe, Betty Sue

Grade: C

Age: 22

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	const int a = 50 ;
	char name[a];
	char lname[a];
	char grade[a];
	char age[a];
	cout << "What is your first name?";
	cin.get(name, a).get();
	cout << "What is your last name?";
	cin.get(lname, a).get();
	cout << "What letter grade do you deserve?";
	cin.get(grade, a).get();
	cout << "What is your age?";
	cin.get(age, a).get();
	cout << "Name:" << lname << "," << name <<endl;
	cout << "Grade:" << grade << endl;
	cout << "Age:" << age << endl;
	return 0;
}

2.修改程序清单4.4，使用C++string类而不是char数组。

//程序清单4.4
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	const int size = 100;
	char name[size];
	char dessert[size];
	cout << "Enter your name:" << endl;
	cin.getline(name, size);
	cout << "Enter your favorite dessert " << endl;
	cin.getline(dessert, size);
	cout << "I have some delicious " << dessert;
	cout << "for you, " << name << endl;
	return 0;
}

修改后：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	string name;
	string dessert;
	cout << "Enter your name:" << endl;
	getline(cin,name);
	cout << "Enter your favorite dessert " << endl;
	getline(cin,dessert);
	cout << "I have some delicious " << dessert;
	cout << " for you, " << name << endl;
	return 0;
}

3.编写一个程序，它要求用户首先输入其名，然后输入其姓；然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名组合起来，并存储和显示组合结果。请使用char数组和头文件cstring中的函数。下面是该程序运行时的情形。

Enter your first name: Flip

Enter your last name: Fleming

Here's the information in a single string: Fleming Flip

#include<cstring>
#inlcude<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	const int size = 100;
	char fname[size];
	char lname[size];
	cout << "Enter your first name: ";
	cin.getline(fname, size);
	cout << "Enter your last name: ";
	cin.getline(lname, size);
	cout << "Here's the information in a single string: ";
	strcat_s(lname, ", ");
	strcat_s(lname, fname);
	cout << lname;
	return 0;
}

4.

编写一个程序，它要求用户首先输入其名，然后输入其姓；然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名组合起来，并存储和显示组合结果。请使用string对象和头文件string中的函数。下面是该程序运行时的情形。

Enter your first name: Flip

Enter your last name: Fleming

Here's the information in a single string: Fleming Flip

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	string fname;
	string lname;
	cout << "Enter your first name: ";
	getline(cin,fname);
	cout << "Enter your last name: ";
	getline(cin,lname);
	cout << "Here's the information in a single string: ";
	fname = lname + ", " + fname;
	cout << fname;
	return 0;
}

5. 结构CandyBar包含3个成员。第一个成员存储了糖块的品牌；第二个成员存储糖块的重量（可以有小数）；第三个成员存储了糖块的卡路里含量（整数）。请编写一个程序，声明这个结构，创建一个名为snack的CandyBar变量并将其成员分别初始化为“Mocha Munch”、2.3和350.初始化应在声明snack时进行。最后，程序显示snack变量的内容。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct CandyBar
{
	char brand[1000];
	double weight;
	int colorie;
};
int main()
{
	CandyBar snack =
	{
		"Mocha Munch",
		2.3,
		350
	};
	cout << "牌子：" << snack.brand << endl;
	cout << "重量：" << snack.weight << endl;
	cout << "卡路里：" << snack.colorie << endl;
	return 0;
}

6.结构CandyBar包含3个成员，如编程练习5所示。请编写一个程序，创建一个包含3个元素的CandyBar数组，并将它们初始化为选择的值，然后显示每个结构的内容。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct CandyBar
{
	char brand[1000];
	double weight;
	int colorie;
};
int main()
{
	CandyBar snack[3] =
	{
		{"Mocha Munch",2.3,350},
		{"special ll",2.5,450},
		{"lily whow",3.5,756},
	};
	cout << "牌子：" << snack[0].brand << endl;
	cout << "重量：" << snack[0].weight << endl;
	cout << "卡路里：" << snack[0].colorie << endl;
	return 0;
}