图书管理系统

首先我们要定义一个book类，里面是一本书信息。

public class Book {
    private String name;//名字
    private String author;//作者
    private int price;//价格
    private String type;//类型
    private boolean isBorrowed;//状态

    public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }//由于boolean默认是false,即默认未借出

    /**
     * 公开接口
     * @return
     */
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public boolean isBorrowed() {
        return isBorrowed;
    }

    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
        isBorrowed = borrowed;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    /**
     * 打印一本书
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ((isBorrowed==true)?"已经借出":"未借出")+//三位操作符
                '}';
    }
}

接下来在定义一个booklist书架，里面放书book.

public class Booklist {
    Book[]books=new Book[100];//可以放多少本书
    private int useSize;//实时记录书本数
    //书架的初始书本数
    public Booklist() {
        books[0]=new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",50,"小说");
        books[1]=new Book("西游记","吴承恩",60,"小说");
        books[2]=new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",80,"小说");
        useSize=3;
    }
    //从书架拿到一本书
    public Book getBook(int pos){
        return books[pos];
    }
    //放一本书
    public Book setBook(int pos,Book book){
        return books[pos]=book;
    }
    //实时获取当前的书的个数
    public int getUseSize() {
        return useSize;
    }
    //实时的修改当前书架上的书的个数
    public void setUseSize(int useSize) {
        this.useSize = useSize;
    }
}

图书管理系统的用户有2种，一个是管理员能够添加图书，删除图书，查找图书，显示图书，退出系统。普通用户能够查找书，借书，归还书，退出系统。

上面的操作写成接口IOperation()

public interface IOperation {
        void work(Booklist booklist);
}

在让具体操作去继承这个接口

添加书

public class AddOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(Booklist booklist) {
        System.out.println("添加图书");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入图书名");
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入作者");
        String author=scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入价格");
        int price=scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.println("请输入类型");
        String type=scanner.nextLine();
        Book book=new Book(name,author,price,type);
        booklist.setBook(booklist.getUseSize(), book);
        booklist.setUseSize(booklist.getUseSize()+1);
        System.out.println("增加成功");
        return;
    }
}

删除书 

public class DelOpertion implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(Booklist booklist) {
        System.out.println("请输入要删除书的书名");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUseSize(); i++) {
           if(booklist.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){
               for (int j = i; j < booklist.getUseSize()-1 ; j++) {
                    booklist.setBook(j,booklist.getBook(j+1));
               }
               booklist.setUseSize(booklist.getUseSize()-1);
               System.out.println("删除成功");
               return;
           }
        }
    }
}

查找书

public class FindOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(Booklist booklist) {
        System.out.println("请输入书名");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name =scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUseSize(); i++) {
            if(booklist.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){
                System.out.println(booklist.getBook(i));
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有这本书");
    }
}

 显示书

public class DisOpertion implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(Booklist booklist) {
        for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUseSize(); i++) {
            System.out.println(booklist.getBook(i));
        }
    }
}

借书

public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(Booklist booklist) {
        System.out.println("请输入书名");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUseSize(); i++) {
            if(booklist.getBook(i).equals(name)){
                booklist.getBook(i).setBorrowed(true);
                System.out.println("借阅成功");
                return;
            }
        }

    }
}

 归还书

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(Booklist booklist) {
        System.out.println("请输入归还书名");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUseSize(); i++) {
            if(booklist.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){
                booklist.getBook(i).setBorrowed(false);
                System.out.println("归还成功");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有这本书");
    }
}

退出系统

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(Booklist booklist) {
        System.out.println("请输入归还书名");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUseSize(); i++) {
            if(booklist.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){
                booklist.getBook(i).setBorrowed(false);
                System.out.println("归还成功");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有这本书");
    }
}

接下来就是定义管理员类和普通用户类。由于2者都用共同点，使用可以先定义一个user类，再去继承他。

abstract public class User {
    protected String name;
    protected  IOperation[]operations;//定义一个操作类的数组
    public User(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public abstract int menu();//菜单
    public void doOperation(int choice, Booklist booklist){
        this.operations[choice].work(booklist);
    }//调用操作函数
}

管理人员 

public class AdminUser extends User{
    public AdminUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.operations=new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOpertion(),
                new DisOpertion()
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int menu() {
        System.out.println("hello"+name+"欢迎来到图书管理系统");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书");
        System.out.println("2.新增图书");
        System.out.println("3.删除图书");
        System.out.println("4.显示图书");
        System.out.println("请选择:");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

普通用户

public class NormalUser extends User{
    public NormalUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.operations=new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new BorrowOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation()
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int menu() {
        System.out.println("hello"+name+"欢迎来到图书管理系统");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书");
        System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
        System.out.println("3.归还图书");
        System.out.println("请选择:");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }

}

程序入口

public class Test {
    public static User login(){
        System.out.println("请输入你的名字");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请选择你的身份：1.管理员，0.普通用户");
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        if(choice==1){
           return new AdminUser(name);
        }else {
            return new NormalUser(name);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Booklist booklist=new Booklist();
        User user=login();
        while (true){
            int choice=user.menu();
            user.doOperation(choice,booklist);//整个程序框架搭建的重点
        }
    }
}

上面是整个程序框架的搭建过程