数码管的动态实现

       概括

        1位数码管只能显示1位数字，但是如果需要显示多位数字就需要多个数码管同时工作，这也是数码管的缺点，那就是显示的数字越多，数码管就越多，占用的端口也就越多，那么，弥补这种缺点的方法就是数码管的动态显示，所谓动态显示，就是依次向每位数码管送出字形码的同时控制公共端的电平，每一位数码管之间利用延时程序进行延时，当延时程序非常短时，由于发光管的余辉和人眼视觉暂留作用，此时我们的人眼就分辨不出位与位之间有延时存在，此时就感觉各位数码管同时都在显示。

        消抖

        同时在学习过这一章节的同学会发现，此时的数码管会出现数值但是会有一些较暗的显示，这就是教科书上所提及的“鬼影”，鬼影的出现并非偶然，是因为数码管在位选和段选时候所产生的瞬态造成的，简单来说就是在动态扫描的时候，一个数码管被二次赋值。所以在编写代码的时候，我们还需要对数码管进行消抖。

 

代码实现倒计时

同样还是这几个老朋友，在静态显示的基础上，我们要对数码管创建一个缓冲区，缓冲区的目的是为了保证当前时刻数码管的初值为0xff，即启动数码管时是处于不亮的状态。

#include <STC15F2K60S2.H>

unsigned char code LedChar[16] = {
0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,
0x80,0x90,0x88,0x83,0xc6,0xa1,0x86,0x8e
}; //数码管的真值表
unsigned char LedBuff[6] = {
0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff
}; //传说中的缓冲区域

void LedBuf() //更新数码管显示内容
{
		static unsigned int cnt;
		static unsigned long sec = 999999;//给定初值为999999
		cnt++;

		if(cnt >= 1000)
		{
			cnt = 0;
			sec--;
			
			LedBuff[0] = LedChar[sec%10];
			LedBuff[1] = LedChar[sec/10%10];
			LedBuff[2] = LedChar[sec/100%10];
			LedBuff[3] = LedChar[sec/1000%10];
			LedBuff[4] = LedChar[sec/10000%10];
			LedBuff[5] = LedChar[sec/100000%10];
			//将显示内容以十进制显示
		}
}

void LedCha()
{
	static unsigned int i = 0; //创建动态扫描的索引

	switch(i)
	{
		
		case 0: P2 = 0xD0; P0 = 0x20; i++; P2 = 0xF0; P0 = LedBuff[0]; break;
		case 1: P2 = 0xD0; P0 = 0x10; i++; P2 = 0xF0; P0 = LedBuff[1]; break;
		case 2: P2 = 0xD0; P0 = 0x08; i++; P2 = 0xF0; P0 = LedBuff[2]; break;
		case 3: P2 = 0xD0; P0 = 0x04; i++; P2 = 0xF0; P0 = LedBuff[3]; break;
		case 4: P2 = 0xD0; P0 = 0x02; i++; P2 = 0xF0; P0 = LedBuff[4]; break;
		case 5: P2 = 0xD0; P0 = 0x01; i = 0; P2 = 0xF0; P0 = LedBuff[5]; break;
		default: break;
	}	//数码管的动态扫描
}

void LedOFF() //关闭其他LED
{
	P2 = 0x80;
	P0 = 0xff;
}

void main()
{
	EA = 1;//总中断使能
	TMOD = 0X01;
	TH0 = 0xFC;//对T0赋初值，定时1ms
	TL0= 0x67;
	ET1 = 1;//外中断1使能
	TR0 = 1;//启动T0
	while(1)
	{
		if(TF0 == 1)
		{
			LedOFF();
			TF0 = 0;
			TH0 = 0xFC;
			TL0 = 0x67;
			LedBuf();
			LedCha();
		}
	}
	
}
void InterruptTimer0() interrupt 3
{
	TH0 = 0xFC;
	TL0 = 0x67;
	P0 = 0xff; //消隐
}

 这段代码实现的是数码管从999999开始倒计时，若只想在数码管上显示有效位数我们可以这样写

#include <STC15F2K60S2.H>
unsigned char code LEDchar[] ={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0x88,0x83,0xc6,0xa1,0x86,0x8e};
unsigned char LEDBuff[6] = {0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff};
unsigned int cnt = 0;//记录中断次数
unsigned char flag = 0;//1s定时标志
unsigned char i = 0;//创建动态索引
unsigned char digits = 1; // 定义有效位数


void main()
{
unsigned long sec = 0;//定义秒数，并记录经过的秒数
EA = 1;
TMOD = 0x01;
TH0 = 0xfc;
TL0 = 0x67;
ET0 = 1;
TR0 = 1;
while(1)
{
if(flag == 1)
{
flag = 0;
sec++;
// 判断有效位数
if(sec >= 10) digits = 2;
if(sec >= 100) digits = 3;
if(sec >= 1000) digits = 4;


        // 根据有效位数控制LED显示
        if(digits == 1) {
            LEDBuff[0] = LEDchar[sec%10];
            LEDBuff[1] = 0xff;
            LEDBuff[2] = 0xff;
            LEDBuff[3] = 0xff;
        }
        if(digits == 2) {
            LEDBuff[0] = LEDchar[sec%10];
            LEDBuff[1] = LEDchar[sec/10%10];
            LEDBuff[2] = 0xff;
            LEDBuff[3] = 0xff;
        }
        if(digits == 3) {
            LEDBuff[0] = LEDchar[sec%10];
            LEDBuff[1] = LEDchar[sec/10%10];
            LEDBuff[2] = LEDchar[sec/100%10];
            LEDBuff[3] = 0xff;
        }
        if(digits == 4) {
            LEDBuff[0] = LEDchar[sec%10];
            LEDBuff[1] = LEDchar[sec/10%10];
            LEDBuff[2] = LEDchar[sec/100%10];
            LEDBuff[3] = LEDchar[sec/1000%10];
        }
    }
}

}


void  InterruptTimer0() interrupt 1
{
TH0 = 0xfc;
TL0 = 0x67;
cnt++;
if(cnt >=1000)
{
cnt = 0;
flag = 1;
}


P2 = 0xe0;
P0 = 0xff;
P2 = 0;

switch(i)
{
    case 0:
        P2 = 0xc0;P0 = 0x08;P2 = 0;
        P2 = 0xe0;P0 = LEDBuff[0];P2=0;i++;break;
    case 1:
        P2 = 0xc0;P0 = 0x04;P2 = 0;
        P2 = 0xe0;P0 = LEDBuff[1];P2=0;i++;break;
    case 2:
        P2 = 0xc0;P0 = 0x02;P2 = 0;
        P2=0xe0;P0 = LEDBuff[2];P2=0;i++;break;
    case 3:
        P2 = 0xc0;P0 = 0x01;P2 = 0;
        P2=0xe0;P0 = LEDBuff[3];P2=0;i=0;break;
    default:break;
}

}

 学术不精只想到了这种方法，若有更好的方法，欢迎讨论