JAVA网络编程之上传一张图片

前言：虽然Nginx帮我们做好了负载均衡，Tomcat则帮我们完成TCP连接的建立，HTTP请求的处理，但了解其底层传输的网络编程也是十分重要的。

我们以TCP传输为例，来具体实现两个需求。

一.传输字

二.传输一张图片

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（我们先从简单的传输字符开始  图片与之同理）

需求一：   在自己主机上设置端口号为9998为服务端，要求服务端在接受到客户端发来的消息之后，能够回复消息。

服务端

package com.net_test;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * written by 刘瑞臻
 * time:2022/12/13 19:44
 */
public class socket_server02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //收客户端消息
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9998);//设置端口号
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();//建立连接通道socket
        InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));//将字节流转换成字符流 效率比较高
        String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
        System.out.println(s);
//        bufferedReader.close();
        //向客户端发消息
        OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        bufferedWriter.write("hello客户端  这里是服务端");
        bufferedWriter.newLine();
        bufferedWriter.flush();//刷新通道   才能二次传输
        bufferedWriter.close();
        bufferedReader.close();
        serverSocket.close();

    }
}

 客户端

package com.net_test;

import com.sun.jmx.snmp.InetAddressAcl;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * written by 刘瑞臻
 * time:2022/12/13 19:44
 */
public class socket_client02 {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      //给服务端发消息
      Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(),9998);//通过本地地址与端口号连接上服务端
      OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();//创建一个输出流
      BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
      bufferedWriter.write("hello,server这里是client 字符流");
      bufferedWriter.newLine();
      bufferedWriter.flush();//清除一下网络缓存
      //收服务端的消息
      InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
      BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
      String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
      System.out.println(s);
      bufferedReader.close();
      bufferedWriter.close();
      socket.close();
   }
}

 

---

需求二：  要求客户端向服务端传输一张图片，服务端收到图片后向客户端回应。

服务端

package com.net_test;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * written by 刘瑞臻
 * time:2022/12/15 11:31
 */
@SuppressWarnings({"all"})
public class socket_server_acpic {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //收客户端消息
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8889);
        System.out.println("服务端正在8889端口监听...");
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
        //搭建好接受的通道   socket.accept
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(accept.getInputStream());
        //接收文件流   并将其保存在byte数组
        byte[] bytes = StreamUtils.streamToByteArray(bis);
        //将字节写到指定路径
        String descPath = "D:\\IO_test\\csdn.jpg" ;
        BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(descPath));
        //将图片的二进制文件写入到目标地址
        bufferedOutputStream.write(bytes);
        bufferedOutputStream.close();
        //向客户端发送消息   表示服务端已经接受到了图片
        OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        bufferedWriter.write("服务端已经收到图片");
        bufferedWriter.flush();//清除原来图片传输时占用的通道 重新刷新
        accept.shutdownOutput();
        bis.close();
        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();

    }
}

客户端

package com.net_test;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * written by 刘瑞臻
 * time:2022/12/15 11:33
 */
@SuppressWarnings({"all"})
public class socket_client_senpic {
    public static void main(String[] args)  throws Exception {
        //给服务端发照片
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(),8889);
        String filepath = "C:\\Users\\lrzlx\\Desktop\\work\\net_test\\src\\Screenshot_20221209_214700.jpg";
        //读取文件
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(filepath));
      //将图片转换成字节   bytes此时便是图片的另一种形式
        byte[] bytes = StreamUtils.streamToByteArray(bis);
        //用socket通道 将图片的文件流传输
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
        bos.write(bytes);
        bis.close();
//        bis.close();
        socket.shutdownOutput();//传输结束
        //接受服务端消息
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
        System.out.println(s);
//        bufferedReader.close();

//        socket.shutdownOutput();//传输结束
        bos.close();
        bufferedReader.close();
        socket.close();

    }
}

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总结：无论怎样传，或者传什么，客户端与服务端之间都必须建立一个"通道'，socket便是这个通道，在服务端是socket.accept，在客户端是socke，字符流也好字节流也好，都必须将流通过这个通道传输。

另外，在启动过程中也要注意，服务端一定要先启动 。