两路智能抢答器(VHDL)

 

顶层文件设计： 

1、抢答器：锁存抢答者信号，并控制相应的LED灯点亮 

LIBRARY IEEE;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
--抢答器，确定抢答选手编号，并控制相应的LED灯点亮
ENTITY QAI IS
	PORT(CLR:IN STD_LOGIC;--开始键
		  A,B:IN STD_LOGIC;
		  A1,B1:BUFFER STD_LOGIC;
		  G:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
		  RST:IN STD_LOGIC);
END QAI;
--CLR 开始\停止按键；RST 复位键
  A、B抢答者按键
ARCHITECTURE BEHAV OF QAI IS
BEGIN	  
	PROCESS(CLR,A,B)
	BEGIN
		IF (CLR='0' OR RST='0') THEN
			A1<='0';B1<='0';G<="0000";
		ELSIF (A1='1'OR B1='1') THEN NULL;--锁存抢答者编号
		ELSIF(A='0' AND B='1') THEN
		   A1<='1';B1<='0';G<="0001";
		ELSIF(A='1' AND B='0') THEN
			A1<='0';B1<='1';G<="0010";
		END IF;
	END PROCESS;
END BEHAV;	

 2、数据处理器：

①抢答犯规或者倒计时五秒时蜂鸣器以一秒响一次的频率报警

②按下按键，蜂鸣器响应

③1秒时钟分频

④30秒倒计时+倒计时5秒报警（这部分为队友负责）

LIBRARY IEEE;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;
--抢答30s倒计时
ENTITY RAT IS
	PORT(RST,CLR:IN STD_LOGIC;
		  CLK,A,B:IN STD_LOGIC;
		  QA:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);--个位
		  QB:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);--十位
		  BEEP:OUT STD_LOGIC);
END RAT;

ARCHITECTURE BEHAV OF RAT IS
	SIGNAL clk1:std_logic;
	SIGNAL flag:std_logic:= '0';
   SIGNAL flag1:std_logic:= '1';
   SIGNAL TMPA:STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
	SIGNAL TMPB:STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
BEGIN
     PROCESS(CLK)--时钟分频--1s
          VARIABLE num1:INTEGER RANGE 1 TO 25000000;
     BEGIN 
         IF rising_edge(CLK)then
            IF num1 = 25000000
               THEN num1:= 1;clk1<= not clk1;
               ELSE num1:= num1+1;
            END if;
			END if;
     END PROCESS;
	  	  
	PROCESS(CLK, RST)
   BEGIN
        IF RST = '0' THEN
            flag <= '0';停止抢答状态
            flag1 <= '1';
        ELSIF rising_edge(CLK) THEN
            IF CLR= '0' THEN
               flag <= not flag;
               flag1 <= '1';
				END IF;
				IF flag='0'THEN
					IF( A= '0' OR B= '0' )THEN
						flag1 <= '0';--提前抢答，不启动倒计时
					END IF;
				ELSE
				  IF( A= '0' OR B= '0' )THEN
						flag1 <= '1';--正确抢答，启动倒计时
					END IF;
				END IF;
        END IF;
    END PROCESS;
	 
	PROCESS(clk1)
	BEGIN
	   IF (RST='0' OR flag='0' OR A= '0' OR B= '0') THEN
			TMPA<="0000";TMPB<="0011";--重新开始
		ELSIF rising_edge(clk1) THEN--开始计时
			IF (flag='1'OR flag1='1') THEN 
				IF TMPA="0000" THEN --30s倒计时
					IF TMPB="0000" THEN 
					   TMPB<="0000"; 
					ELSE 
					TMPB<=TMPB-1;
					TMPA<="1001";
			      END IF;
				ELSE TMPA<=TMPA-1;
				END IF;
			END IF;
		END IF;
		 QA<=TMPA;QB<=TMPB;
	 END PROCESS;

	 PROCESS (CLR,A,B)
	 BEGIN--抢答犯规\倒计时五秒--启动报警
	   IF (flag1 = '0' OR (TMPA<="0101" AND TMPA>="0001" AND TMPB="0000")) THEN
			 IF clk1='1' THEN
			    BEEP<='1';
			 ELSE
			    BEEP<='0';
			 END IF;	 
		ELSIF (CLR='0' OR A='0' OR B='0')THEN--按键控制蜂鸣器响应
			BEEP<='1';
		ELSE 
			BEEP<='0';
		END IF;
	END PROCESS;
END BEHAV;

3、计分功能：按下计分按钮能实现对应组别的加分操作

LIBRARY IEEE;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;

--增加的计分功能
ENTITY SCORE IS
	PORT(RST:IN STD_LOGIC;
		  ADD:IN STD_LOGIC;
		  CHOOSE:IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
		  OUT1:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0));
END SCORE;

ARCHITECTURE BEHAV OF SCORE IS
BEGIN
	PROCESS(RST,ADD,CHOOSE)
		VARIABLE POINT_A:STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
		VARIABLE POINT_B:STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
	BEGIN
	   IF RST='0' THEN--初始化分数
				POINT_A:="0000";
				POINT_B:="0000";
		ELSIF RISING_EDGE(ADD) THEN
			 IF CHOOSE="0001" THEN--A组得分
				IF POINT_A="1001" THEN--最高计分为9分
					POINT_A:="0000";
				ELSE
				POINT_A:=POINT_A+1;
				END IF;
			 ELSIF CHOOSE="0010" THEN--B组得分
				IF POINT_B="1001" THEN
					POINT_B:="0000";
				ELSE
				POINT_B:=POINT_B+1;
				END IF;
			END IF;
		END IF;
		IF CHOOSE="0001" THEN--抢答者1
		OUT1<=POINT_A;
		ELSIF CHOOSE="0010" THEN--抢答者2
		OUT1<=POINT_B;
		ELSIF CHOOSE="0000" THEN--无人抢答
		OUT1<="0000";
		END IF;
	END PROCESS;
END BEHAV;
		

4、数码管译码：数码管段选

LIBRARY IEEE;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;
--译码器
ENTITY DECODER IS
	PORT(AIN4:IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
		  DOUT8:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(7 DOWNTO 0));
END DECODER;

ARCHITECTURE BEHAV OF DECODER IS
BEGIN
	PROCESS(AIN4)
	BEGIN
		CASE AIN4 IS
			WHEN "0000"=>DOUT8<="11000000";--0--对应数码管段选hgfedcba，0为点亮，1为熄灭
			WHEN "0001"=>DOUT8<="11111001";--1
			WHEN "0010"=>DOUT8<="10100100";--2
			WHEN "0011"=>DOUT8<="10110000";--3
			WHEN "0100"=>DOUT8<="10011001";--4
			WHEN "0101"=>DOUT8<="10010010";--5
			WHEN "0110"=>DOUT8<="10000010";--6
			WHEN "0111"=>DOUT8<="11011000";--7
			WHEN "1000"=>DOUT8<="10000000";--8
			WHEN "1001"=>DOUT8<="10010000";--9
			WHEN OTHERS=>DOUT8<="11111111";--全灭
		END CASE;
   END PROCESS;
END BEHAV;

 5、数码管动态扫描：数码管位选

LIBRARY IEEE;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;

--数码管的动态扫描
ENTITY CHOSE_4 is
	PORT(RST,CLK:IN STD_LOGIC;
	     qal,score,tmpa,tmpb:IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(7 DOWNTO 0);
		  BT:	OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(5 DOWNTO 0);		--数码管选择输出引脚
        SEG:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(7 DOWNTO 0));		--数码管段输出引脚;
END CHOSE_4;

ARCHITECTURE BEHAV OF CHOSE_4 IS
	SIGNAL scan_LED:integer range 0 to 5;--扫描数码管的个数
	SIGNAL clk2:std_logic;	
BEGIN
   PROCESS(CLK)--时钟分频--1000Hz扫描数码管
		variable num2:integer range 1 to 25000;
   BEGIN 
      if rising_edge(CLK)then
          if num2 = 25000
             then num2 := 1;clk2<= not clk2;
          else num2 := num2+1;
          END if;
		END IF;
	  if rising_edge(clk2)then
		 if(scan_LED=5)then
			scan_LED<=0;
		 else
			scan_LED<=scan_LED+1;
		 end if;
	  end if;	
	END PROCESS;
	
	PROCESS(scan_LED)
	BEGIN
     IF RST='1' THEN
			CASE scan_LED IS
				WHEN 0=>BT<="111110";SEG<=qal;--数码管6
				WHEN 1=>BT<="111101";SEG<="10111111";--数码管5
				WHEN 2=>BT<="111011";SEG<=score;--数码管4
				WHEN 3=>BT<="110111";SEG<="10111111";--数码管3
				WHEN 4=>BT<="101111";SEG<=tmpa;--数码管2
				WHEN 5=>BT<="011111";SEG<=tmpb;--数码管1
				when OTHERS => Null;
			END CASE;
		ELSE
		   BT<="111000";SEG<="10001110";--按下复位键RST，输出FFF
		END IF;
	END PROCESS;
END BEHAV;

 6、按键消抖（这部分为队友负责）

LIBRARY IEEE;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;

ENTITY XD IS
	PORT(CLK:IN STD_LOGIC;
		  CLR_IN,A_IN,B_IN,RST_IN,ADD_IN:IN STD_LOGIC;
		  CLR,A,B,RST,ADD:OUT STD_LOGIC);
END XD;

ARCHITECTURE BEHAV OF XD IS
BEGIN
	PROCESS(CLK,RST_IN)
		VARIABLE COUNT1:INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 1000000;--20ms计数
	BEGIN
		IF RST_IN='0' THEN--按下按键进行20ms检测判断
			IF RISING_EDGE(CLK) THEN
				IF COUNT1<1000000 THEN--计数器计数
					COUNT1:=COUNT1+1;
				ELSE COUNT1:=COUNT1;--此时计数器值为1000000
				END IF;
				IF COUNT1=1000000 THEN RST<='0';--确认按键按下，输出低电平
				ELSE RST<='1';--确认按键未按下，输出高电平
				END IF;
			END IF;		
		ELSE 
			COUNT1:=0;--计数器清零
		   RST<='1';--按键未按下或者按键按下后松开即为高电平
		END IF;
   END PROCESS;
	
	PROCESS(CLK,CLR_IN)
		VARIABLE COUNT2:INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 1000000;
	BEGIN
		IF CLR_IN='0' THEN
			IF RISING_EDGE(CLK) THEN
				IF COUNT2<1000000 THEN
					COUNT2:=COUNT2+1;
				ELSE COUNT2:=COUNT2;
				END IF;
				IF COUNT2=1000000 THEN CLR<='0';
				ELSE CLR<='1';
				END IF;
			END IF;		
		ELSE 
			COUNT2:=0;
		   CLR<='1';
		END IF;
   END PROCESS;
	
	PROCESS(CLK,ADD_IN)
		VARIABLE COUNT3:INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 1000000;
	BEGIN
	   IF ADD_IN='0' THEN
			IF RISING_EDGE(CLK) THEN
				IF COUNT3<1000000  THEN
					COUNT3:=COUNT3+1;
				ELSE COUNT3:=COUNT3;
				END IF;
				IF COUNT3=1000000 THEN ADD<='0';
				ELSE ADD<='1';
				END IF;
			END IF;
		ELSE 
			COUNT3:=0;
		   ADD<='1';
		END IF;
	END PROCESS;
	
	PROCESS(CLK,A_IN)
		VARIABLE COUNT4:INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 1000000;
	BEGIN
		IF A_IN='0' THEN
				IF RISING_EDGE(CLK) THEN
					IF COUNT4<1000000  THEN
						COUNT4:=COUNT4+1;
					ELSE COUNT4:=COUNT4;
					END IF;
					IF COUNT4=1000000 THEN A<='0';
					ELSE A<='1';
					END IF;
				END IF;
			ELSE 
				COUNT4:=0;
				A<='1';
			END IF;
	END PROCESS;
	
	PROCESS(CLK,A_IN)
		VARIABLE COUNT5:INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 1000000;
	BEGIN
		IF B_IN='0' THEN
			IF RISING_EDGE(CLK) THEN
				IF COUNT5<1000000  THEN
					COUNT5:=COUNT5+1;
				ELSE COUNT5:=COUNT5;
				END IF;
				IF COUNT5=1000000 THEN B<='0';
				ELSE B<='1';
				END IF;
			END IF;
		ELSE 
			COUNT5:=0;
		   B<='1';
		END IF;				
	END PROCESS;
END BEHAV;

 

7、编译仿真结果

8、引脚分配