静态路由+DHCP实验(四路由器八PC),四路由器静态路由实验

目录

一.静态路由+DHCP

1.子网划分

(1)200.1.1.0/24划分八个子网

(2)选用前5个,第五个子网再划分4个子网作为骨干

2.规划路由

3.配置(下一跳)

(1)先依次实现四个路由器之间全网可通

(2)为路由器配置地址池,使用全局模式获取dhcp,指定网关和dns

(3)PC测试

二.四路由器静态路由(原理基本同上)

1.规划路由条数:

2.配置路由器(下一跳方式)

(1)先为路由器配好IP和环回

(2)根据规划条数配置静态路由

(3)测试


一.静态路由+DHCP

1.子网划分

(1)200.1.1.0/24划分八个子网

200.1.1.0/27

200.1.1.32/27

200.1.1.64/27

200.1.1.96/27

200.1.1.128/27

200.1.1.160/27

200.1.1.192/27

200.1.1..224/27

(2)选用前5个,第五个子网再划分4个子网作为骨干

200.1.1.128/29

200.1.1.136/29

200.1.1.144/29

200.1.1.152/29

2.规划路由

AR1:

到达200.1.1.0/27一条

到达200.1.1.64/27一条

到达200.1.1.96/27两条

到达200.1.1.144/29一条

到达200.1.1.152/29一条

AR2:

到达200.1.1.0/27两条

到达200.1.1.32/27一条

到达200.1.1.96/27一条

到达200.1.1.128/29一条

到达200.1.1.152/29一条

AR3:

到达200.1.1.32/27两条

到达200.1.1.64/27一条

到达200.1.1.0/27一条

到达200.1.1.128/29一条

到达200.1.1.136/29一条

AR4:

到达200.1.1.64/27两条

到达200.1.1.32/27一条

到达200.1.1.64/27一条

到达200.1.1.136/29一条

到达200.1.1.144/29一条

3.配置(下一跳)

(1)先依次实现四个路由器之间全网可通

[Huawei]ip route-static 200.1.1.136 29 200.1.1.130
#根据规划路由依次写静态路由实现通信

AR1:

[r1]display ip routing-table protocol static
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6        Configured Routes : 6

Static routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

      200.1.1.0/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.129     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     200.1.1.64/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.138     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     200.1.1.96/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.129     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.138     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    200.1.1.144/29  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.138     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    200.1.1.152/29  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.129     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

AR2:

[r2]display ip routing-table protocol static 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6        Configured Routes : 6

Static routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

      200.1.1.0/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.146     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.137     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     200.1.1.32/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.137     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     200.1.1.96/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.146     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    200.1.1.128/29  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.137     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.152/29  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.146     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

AR3:

[r3]display ip routing-table protocol static 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6        Configured Routes : 6

Static routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

      200.1.1.0/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.154     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     200.1.1.32/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.154     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.145     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     200.1.1.64/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.145     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.128/29  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.154     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    200.1.1.136/29  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.145     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

AR4:

[r4]display ip routing-table protocol static 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6        Configured Routes : 6

Static routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

     200.1.1.32/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.130     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     200.1.1.64/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.130     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.153     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     200.1.1.96/27  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.153     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.136/29  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.130     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    200.1.1.144/29  Static  60   0          RD   200.1.1.153     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

(2)为路由器配置地址池,使用全局模式获取dhcp,指定网关和dns

[r1]dhcp enable 
[r1]ip pool s1
[r1-ip-pool-s1]network 200.1.1.32 mask 27 
[r1-ip-pool-s1]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[r1-ip-pool-s1]gateway-list 200.1.1.33
[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global 
#四个路由器同样做此配置

AR1:

[r1]ip pool s1
[r1-ip-pool-s1]display this 
[V200R003C00]
#
ip pool s1
 gateway-list 200.1.1.33 
 network 200.1.1.32 mask 255.255.255.224 
 dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8 
#
return

AR2:

[r2]ip pool S2
[r2-ip-pool-s2]display this 
[V200R003C00]
#
ip pool s2
 gateway-list 200.1.1.65 
 network 200.1.1.64 mask 255.255.255.224 
 dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8 
#
return

AR3:

[r3]ip pool s3
[r3-ip-pool-s3]display this 
[V200R003C00]
#
ip pool s3
 gateway-list 200.1.1.97 
 network 200.1.1.96 mask 255.255.255.224 
 dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8 
#
return

AR4:

[r4]ip pool s4
[r4-ip-pool-s4]dis	
[r4-ip-pool-s4]display th	
[r4-ip-pool-s4]display this 
[V200R003C00]
#
ip pool s4
 gateway-list 200.1.1.1 
 network 200.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.224 
 dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8 
#
return

(3)PC测试

PC>ipconfig             #PC8

Link local IPv6 address...........: fe80::5689:98ff:fe61:7b69
IPv6 address......................: :: / 128
IPv6 gateway......................: ::
IPv4 address......................: 200.1.1.29
Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.224
Gateway...........................: 200.1.1.1
Physical address..................: 54-89-98-61-7B-69
DNS server........................: 114.114.114.114
                                    8.8.8.8

PC>ping 200.1.1.62

Ping 200.1.1.62: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
From 200.1.1.62: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 200.1.1.62: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 200.1.1.62: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=94 ms

--- 200.1.1.62 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  3 packet(s) received
  40.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/83/94 ms

PC>ping 200.1.1.61

Ping 200.1.1.61: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 200.1.1.61: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=62 ms
From 200.1.1.61: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=79 ms
From 200.1.1.61: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=93 ms
From 200.1.1.61: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=78 ms

--- 200.1.1.61 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/78/93 ms

PC>ping 200.1.1.94

Ping 200.1.1.94: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
From 200.1.1.94: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=78 ms

--- 200.1.1.94 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  1 packet(s) received
  80.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/78/78 ms

PC>ping 200.1.1.93

Ping 200.1.1.93: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 200.1.1.93: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=94 ms
From 200.1.1.93: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=46 ms
From 200.1.1.93: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=79 ms
From 200.1.1.93: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=78 ms

--- 200.1.1.93 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/74/94 ms

PC>ping 200.1.1.125

Ping 200.1.1.125: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 200.1.1.125: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 200.1.1.125: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 200.1.1.125: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=47 ms
From 200.1.1.125: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=62 ms

--- 200.1.1.125 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/66/78 ms

PC>ping 200.1.1.126

Ping 200.1.1.126: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 200.1.1.126: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=62 ms
From 200.1.1.126: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 200.1.1.126: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=63 ms
From 200.1.1.126: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=62 ms

--- 200.1.1.126 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/66/78 ms

二.四路由器静态路由(原理基本同上)

cf589c16b03c40b1ae976ac2563f2213.png

1.规划路由条数:

AR1:

(1)到达2.2.2.0/24

(2)到达3.3.3.0/24

(3)到达4.4.4.0/24

(4)到达13.1.1.0/24

(5)到达14.1.1.0/24

AR2:

(1)到达1.1.1.0/24

(2)到达3.3.3.0/24

(3)到达4.4.4.0/24

(4)到达14.1.1.0/24

(5)到达15.1.1.0/24

AR3:

(1)到达1.1.1.0/24

(2)到达2.2.2.0./24

(3)到达4.4.4.0/24

(4)到达12.1.1.0/24

(5)到达15.1.1.0/24

AR4:

(1)到达2.2.2.0/24

(2)到达3.3.3.0/24

(3)到达1.1.1.0/24

(4)到达12.1.1.0/24

(5)到达13.1.1.0/24

2.配置路由器(下一跳方式)

(1)先为路由器配好IP和环回

[Huawei]interface LoopBack 0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ip address xx.xx.xx.xx xx
[Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address xx.xx.xx.xx xx

AR1:
[Huawei]display ip interface brief 
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              12.1.1.1/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              15.1.1.2/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         1.1.1.1/24           up         up(s)

AR2:
<Huawei>display ip interface brief 
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              12.1.1.2/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              13.1.1.1/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         2.2.2.2/24           up         up(s) 

AR3:
<Huawei>display ip interface brief 
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              12.1.1.2/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              13.1.1.1/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         2.2.2.2/24           up         up(s) 

AR4:
<Huawei>display ip interface brief 
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              14.1.1.2/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              15.1.1.1/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         4.4.4.4/24           up         up(s)  

(2)根据规划条数配置静态路由

环回:
[Huawei]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2
                       #目标网段               下一跳接口
接口:
[Huawei]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2

注意配置来回(收发)线路,否则不通信

(3)测试

AR1:

[Huawei]display ip routing-table protocol static 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6        Configured Routes : 6

Static routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 6

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   12.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        3.3.3.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   12.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    Static  60   0          RD   15.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        4.4.4.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   15.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   12.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       14.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   15.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

AR2:

[Huawei]display ip routing-table protocol static 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 5        Configured Routes : 5

Static routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 5

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   12.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        3.3.3.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        4.4.4.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   12.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       14.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       15.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   12.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

AR3:

[Huawei]display ip routing-table protocol static 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 5        Configured Routes : 5

Static routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 5

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        4.4.4.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   14.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       15.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   14.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

AR4: 

[Huawei]display ip routing-table protocol static 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : Static
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 5        Configured Routes : 5

Static routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 5        Routes : 5

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   15.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   15.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        3.3.3.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   14.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   15.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   14.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

Static routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

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