MySQL基础之多表连接

目录

一，建立表结构

1 建立学生表

2 建立成绩表

二，插入数据

1 插入数据

三，案例练习

---

一，建立表结构

1 建立学生表

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `id` int NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `sex` varchar(4) DEFAULT NULL,
  `birth` year DEFAULT NULL,
  `department` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `address` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `id` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;

2 建立成绩表

 CREATE TABLE `score` (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `stu_id` int NOT NULL,
  `c_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `grade` int DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `id` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=11 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;

二，插入数据

1 插入数据

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

三，案例练习

1.查询student表的所有记录

select *from student;

2.查询student表的第2条到4条记录

select *from student where id >= 902 and id <= 904;

3.从student表查询所有学生的学号（id）、姓名（name）和院系（department）的信息

select id, name,department from student ;

4.从student表中查询计算机系和英语系的学生的信息

select *from student where department != '中文系';

5.从student表中查询年龄18~22岁的学生信息

select * from student where birth >= 2001 and birth <=2005;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

6.从student表中查询每个院系有多少人

select count(id),department from  student GROUP BY department;

7.从score表中查询每个科目的最高分

select max(grade),c_name from score group by c_name;

8.查询李四的考试科目（c_name）和考试成绩（grade）

select * from score inner join student on score.stu_id = student.id where name = '李四';

9.用连接的方式查询所有学生的信息和考试信息

select * from student join score on student.id = score.stu_id;
 

10.计算每个学生的总成绩

select name, sum(grade) from student join score on student.id = score.stu_id group by name;

11.计算每个考试科目的平均成绩

 select avg(grade) from score group by c_name;（avg是求平均）

12.查询计算机成绩低于95的学生信息

select *from student inner join score on student.id = score.stu_id where grade < 95;

13.查询同时参加计算机和英语考试的学生的信息

select *from student where id in(select stu_id from score where stu_id in (select stu_id from score where c_name='计算机') and c_name='英语');

14.将计算机考试成绩按从高到低进行排序

select  c_name,grade,name  from score inner join student on score.stu_id = student.id  where c_name = '计算机' order by grade desc;

15.从student表和score表中查询出学生的学号，然后合并查询结果

 select student.id from student union select score.stu_id from score;

16.查询姓张或者姓王的同学的姓名、院系和考试科目及成绩

select name , department,c_name,grade from student inner join score on student.id = score.stu_id;

17.查询都是湖南的学生的姓名、年龄、院系和考试科目及成绩

select name,year(now())-birth 年龄,department,c_name,grade from student stu inner join score s on stu.id=s.stu_id where address like '湖南%';