C++可视化编程 实验二

• 创建一个菜单，其中有三个菜单项，分别为“文件”、“计算”和“帮助”，其中，“文件”菜单项包含“打开”、“保存”、“画图”、“退出”等菜单选项；“计算”菜单包含“总和”、“方差”、“均方根”等菜单选项；“帮助”菜单项包含“计算总和帮助”、“计算方差帮助”和“计算均方根帮助”以及“关于”等项 。
• 若单击“画图”菜单项，则绘出如下图形。
• 若在用户区内按下鼠标左键，则动态创建一个包括“删除计算总和”、“添加计算平均值”和“修改计算均方差”三个菜单项的弹出式菜单，由此菜单控制“计算”菜单中菜单项删除、添加与修改。（要求新的弹出式菜单开始时不可用，按下右键后变为可用。） 单击“修改计算均方差”菜单项后，“计算”菜单下的“计算均方差”项改为“线性拟合”，单击“添加计算平均值”菜单项后，“计算”菜单中添加上了“计算平均值”菜单项 。 

完整代码实现：

#include "windows.h"
#include "resource.h"
#include <tchar.h>

#define IDM_Delete  40040
#define IDM_Update  40041
#define IDM_AddAvg  40042
#define IDM_jisuan  40043

HWND hwnd;
HDC hdc;
BOOLEAN InitWindowClass(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow);
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    MSG msg;
    if (!InitWindowClass(hInstance, nCmdShow)) {
        MessageBox(NULL, "创建窗口失败！", "创建窗口", NULL);
        return 1;
    }
    HACCEL hAccel = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, "IDR_MENU1");
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
    { 	//在消息循环中截获加速键消息
        if (!TranslateAccelerator(hwnd, hAccel, &msg))
        {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
    }
    return msg.wParam;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    HMENU hmenu, haddmenu;
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
    HPEN hP;           //画笔句柄
    HBRUSH hB;         //画刷句柄
    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_TIMER:
        if (wParam == 9999)     			//定时刷新
            InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, true);
        break;
    case WM_COMMAND:
        switch (LOWORD(wParam))
        {
        case IDM_PAINT:
            hdc = GetDC(hwnd);                      //不是WM_PAINT响应消息用GetDC函数
            //hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); 			//取得设备环境句柄
            SetMapMode(hdc, MM_TEXT);				//设置映射模式
            hP = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 1, RGB(0, 0, 0));
            SelectObject(hdc, hP);
            hB = CreateHatchBrush(HS_CROSS, RGB(255, 0, 0));//红色网格画刷
            SelectObject(hdc, hB);
            RoundRect(hdc, 213, 100, 287, 137, 20, 20);
            Pie(hdc, 213, 137, 288, 212, 240, 137, 260, 137);
            Rectangle(hdc, 213, 212, 287, 250);

            hP = CreatePen(PS_DASHDOT, 1, RGB(0, 255, 0));//绿色点画线
            SelectObject(hdc, hP);
            MoveToEx(hdc, 100, 180, NULL);
            LineTo(hdc, 400, 180);
            MoveToEx(hdc, 250, 50, NULL);
            LineTo(hdc, 250, 300);

            hP = CreatePen(PS_DASHDOT, 1, RGB(0, 255, 0));//绿色点画线
            SelectObject(hdc, hP);
            hB = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255, 0, 0));
            SelectObject(hdc, hB);
            Rectangle(hdc, 400, 200, 500, 250);
            DeleteObject(hP);
            DeleteObject(hB);
            EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
            break;
        case IDM_Update://单击“修改计算均方差”菜单项后，“计算”菜单下的“计算均方差”项改为“线性拟合”
            hmenu = GetMenu(hwnd);
            haddmenu = CreateMenu();		//动态创建菜单
            AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_ENABLED, IDM_qiuhe, "求和");
            AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_ENABLED, IDM_fangcha, "方差");
            AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_ENABLED, IDM_junfanggen, "线性拟合");
            ModifyMenu(hmenu, 1, MF_POPUP | MF_BYPOSITION, (UINT)haddmenu, "计算");
            DrawMenuBar(hwnd);
            break;
        case IDM_AddAvg://单击“添加计算平均值”菜单项后，“计算”菜单中添加上了“计算平均值”菜单项
            hmenu = GetMenu(hwnd);
            haddmenu = CreateMenu();
            //AppendMenu(hmenu, MF_ENABLED, IDM_AddAvg, ("计算平均值"));
            AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_ENABLED, IDM_qiuhe, "求和");
            AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_ENABLED, IDM_fangcha, "方差");
            AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_ENABLED, IDM_junfanggen, "线性拟合");
            AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_BYPOSITION, IDM_jisuan, "计算平均值");
            ModifyMenu(hmenu, 1, MF_POPUP | MF_BYPOSITION, (UINT)haddmenu, "计算");
            DrawMenuBar(hwnd);
            break;
        case IDM_EXIT:
            SendMessage(hwnd, WM_DESTROY, 0, 0);
            break;
        }
        break;
    case WM_LBUTTONDOWN://创建一个动态菜单
        hmenu = GetMenu(hwnd); 		//获取主菜单句柄
        haddmenu = CreateMenu();		//动态创建菜单
        AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_GRAYED, IDM_Delete, "删除计算总和");
        AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_GRAYED, IDM_AddAvg, "添加计算平均值");
        AppendMenu(haddmenu, MF_GRAYED, IDM_Update, "修改计算均方差");
        InsertMenu(hmenu, 3, MF_POPUP | MF_BYPOSITION, (UINT)haddmenu, "编辑");
        DrawMenuBar(hwnd);
        break;

    case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
        hmenu = GetMenu(hwnd);
        EnableMenuItem(hmenu, IDM_Delete, MF_ENABLED);
        EnableMenuItem(hmenu, IDM_AddAvg, MF_ENABLED);
        EnableMenuItem(hmenu, IDM_Update, MF_ENABLED);
        DrawMenuBar(hwnd);
        break;
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        break;
    default:
        return  DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}
BOOLEAN InitWindowClass(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
    WNDCLASSEX wcex;
    TCHAR szWindowClass[] = "实验二";
    TCHAR szTitle[] = "实验二";
    wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wcex.style = 0;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon = LoadCursorFromFile(TEXT("icon2.ico"));
    wcex.hCursor = LoadCursorFromFile(TEXT("icon1.ico"));
    wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
    wcex.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU1);//"将IDR_MENU1的菜单加载为窗口的菜单"
    wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass;
    wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_APPLICATION));
    if (!RegisterClassEx(&wcex)) {
        MessageBeep(0);
        return FALSE;
    }
    hwnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle,
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL
    );
    if (!hwnd)
        return FALSE;
    ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);
    return TRUE;
}

注意点：

1.单击“画图”菜单项画图，不能使用BeginPaint函数，要使用GetDC，并用ReleaseDC释放

2.修改菜单后用DrawManubar重画窗口