C Primer Plus学习字符串和字符串函数（1）

1.在程序中表示字符串的几种方式：

#include <stdio.h>
#define MSG "I am a symbolic string constant."
#define MAXLENGTH 81
int main(void)
{
	char words[MAXLENGTH] = "I am a string in an array.";
	const char * pt1 = "Something is pointing at me.";
	puts("Here are some strings:");
	puts(MSG);
	puts(words);
	puts(pt1);
	words[8] = 'p';
	puts(words);
	return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

 2.数组和指针形式表示字符串地址的区别：

#define MSG "I'm special"
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
	char ar[] = MSG;
	const char *pt = MSG;
	printf("address of \"I'm special\": %p \n", "I'm special");
	printf("address ar: %p\n", ar);
	printf("address pt: %p\n", pt);
	printf("address of MSG: %p\n", MSG);
	printf("address of \"I'm special\": %p \n", "I'm special");
	return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

3.创建字符串数组的两种方式：指向字符串的指针数组和char类型数组的数组（二维数组），即不规则数组和矩形数组：

#include <stdio.h>
#define SLEN 40
#define LIM 5
int main(void)
{
	const char *mytalents[LIM] = {
		"Adding numbers swiftly",
		"Multiplying accurately",
		"Stashing data",
		"Following instructions to the letter",
		"Understanding the C language"
	};
	char yourtalents[LIM][SLEN] = {
		"Walking in a straight line",
		"Sleeping", "Watching television",
		"Mailing letters", "Reading email"
	};
	int i;
	puts("Let's compare talents.");
	printf("%-36s %-25s\n", "My Talents", "Your Talents");
	for (i = 0; i < LIM; i++)
	printf("%-36s %-25s\n", mytalents[i], yourtalents[i]);
	printf("\nsizeof mytalents: %zd, sizeof yourtalents: %zd\n", sizeof(mytalents), sizeof(yourtalents));
	return 0;
}

运行结果如下：