注解配置SpringMVC
1、创建初始化类,代替web.xml
在Servlet3.0环境中,容器会在类路径中查找实现javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer接口的类, 如果找到的话就用它来配置Servlet容器。 Spring提供了这个接口的实现,名为 SpringServletContainerInitializer,这个类反过来又会查找实现WebApplicationInitializer的类并将配置的任务交给它们来完成。Spring3.2引入了一个便利的WebApplicationInitializer基础实现,名为 AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer,当我们的类扩展了 AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer并将其部署到Servlet3.0容器的时候,容器会自动发现它,并用它来配置Servlet上下文。
public class WebInit extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
/**
* 指定 spring 的配置类
*
* @return 返回值为一个 spring 配置类数组
*/
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
}
/**
* 指定 SpringMVC 的配置类
*
* @return 返回值为一个 SpringMVC 配置类数组
*/
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{WebConfig.class};
}
/**
* 指定 DispatcherServlet 的映射规则,即url-pattern
*
* @return 返回值为一个字符串(url-pattern)数组
*/
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
/**
* 添加过滤器
*
* @return 返回值为 过滤器对象 数组
*/
@Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
// 设置编码过滤器
CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
characterEncodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
characterEncodingFilter.setForceEncoding(true);
// 设置请求过滤器
HiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter = new HiddenHttpMethodFilter();
return new Filter[]{characterEncodingFilter, hiddenHttpMethodFilter};
}
}
2、创建SpringConfig配置类,代替spring的配置文件
/**
* 代替spring的配置文件
*/
@Configuration // 声明配置类
public class SpringConfig {
//ssm整合之后,spring的配置信息写在此类中
}
3、创建WebConfig配置类,代替SpringMVC的配置文件
/**
* 代替SpringMVC的配置文件
* 组件扫描,视图解释器,默认的Servlet,MVC注解驱动,
* 视图控制器,文件上传解析器,拦截器,异常解析器
*/
@Configuration // 声明配置类
@ComponentScan("com.chenyixin.ssm")
@EnableWebMvc // 开启MVC注解驱动
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
/**
* 使用默认的servlet处理静态资源
*
* @param configurer
*/
@Override
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
configurer.enable();
}
/**
* 文件上传解析器
*
* @return
*/
@Bean //@Bean 注解可以将标识的方法的返回值作为 bean 进行管理
public CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver() {
return new CommonsMultipartResolver();
}
/**
* 配置视图控制器
*
* @param registry
*/
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
}
/**
* 配置拦截器
*
* @param registry
*/
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
FirstInterceptor firstInterceptor = new FirstInterceptor();
registry.addInterceptor(firstInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/**")
.excludePathPatterns("/aaa");
}
/**
* 配置异常映射
*
* @param resolvers
*/
@Override
public void configureHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> resolvers) {
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver exceptionResolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver();
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.setProperty("java.lang.ArithmeticException", "error");
//设置异常映射
exceptionResolver.setExceptionMappings(prop);
// 设置共享异常信息的键
exceptionResolver.setExceptionAttribute("ex");
resolvers.add(exceptionResolver);
}
/**
* 以下配置视图解析器
* @return
*/
// 配置生成模板解析器
@Bean
public ITemplateResolver templateResolver() {
WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext =
ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();
// ServletContextTemplateResolver需要一个ServletContext作为构造参数,
// 可通过 WebApplicationContext 的方法获得
ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver =
new ServletContextTemplateResolver(webApplicationContext.getServletContext());
templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
return templateResolver;
}
// 生成模板引擎并为模板引擎注入模板解析器
@Bean
public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(ITemplateResolver templateResolver) {
SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
return templateEngine;
}
// 生成视图解析器并未解析器注入模板引擎
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver(SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
viewResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
return viewResolver;
}
}
过滤器:
public class FirstInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("FirstInterceptor --> preHandle");
return true;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("FirstInterceptor --> postHandle");
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("FirstInterceptor --> afterCompletion");
}
}
4、测试功能(资源代码)
index.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Index</h1>
<a th:href="@{/test/hello}">测试</a>
</body>
</html>
success.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>success</h1>
</body>
</html>
error.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>success</h1>
</body>
</html>
conttoller层代码:
@Controller
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping("test/hello")
public String hello() {
// System.out.println(1/0);
return "success";
}
}