Java I/O流

目录

      1.I/O流的概念

      2.file类

      2.1file的常用方法

     3.字节流与字符流

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1.I/O流的概念

I/O流就是以流的方式进行输入，输出

 2.file类

是文件和目录路径名的抽象表示形式  

 2.1file的常用方法

 file.mkdir()       创建目录

 file.mkdirs()     创建多个目录

3.字节流与字符流

字节输入流

InputStream 

字节输出流
OutputStream

实例

package IO.textstream;

import java.io.*;

public class streamText {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //字节输入流
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        //字节输出流
        OutputStream outputStream = null;

        try {
            inputStream = new FileInputStream("D:\\abc.txt");
            outputStream = new FileOutputStream("D:a.txt");
            //通过流获取文件长度
            byte[] bytes = new byte[inputStream.available()];
            //读取
            inputStream.read(bytes);
            for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
                System.out.println(bytes[i]);
            }
            outputStream.write(bytes);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally {
                try {
                    //后来先关
                    outputStream.close();
                    inputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }

        }
    }
}

带缓冲区的输入流 

 

package IO.textbufferedsttream;

import java.io.*;

public class bufferedStreamText {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //字节输入流
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = null;
        //字节输出流
        OutputStream outputStream = null;
        BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutputStream = null;

        try {
            inputStream = new FileInputStream("D:\\截图");
            bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);
            outputStream = new FileOutputStream("D:\\a");
            bufferedOutputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream);
            //获取系统当前时间
            long l = System.currentTimeMillis();
            //通过流获取文件长度
            //分批次复制文件
            //最佳数组长度需要多次进行测试得到
           byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
           //读取
            int read = bufferedInputStream.read(bytes);
            //判断是否有读回来的内容  -1表示没有了
            while (read != -1){
                //每次写入时只写入读回来的长度
                bufferedOutputStream.write(bytes,0,read);
                //写完一批在读一批，在此进入循环写入
                read = bufferedInputStream.read(bytes);
            }
            long l1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
            System.out.println("复制文件所需要的时间为"+(l-l1));
            bufferedOutputStream.flush();       //刷新缓冲区
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally {
                try {
                    if (bufferedOutputStream != null)
                        bufferedOutputStream.close();
                    if (outputStream != null)
                        outputStream.close();
                    if (bufferedInputStream != null)
                        bufferedOutputStream.close();
                    if (inputStream != null)
                        inputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
        }
    }
}

字符输入流 Reader                   字符输出流 Writer

带缓冲区的字符输入流   BufferedReader      带缓冲区的字符输出流 BufferedWriter

package IO.textreader;


import java.io.*;
public class readerText {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //字符输入流
        Reader reader = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        //字符输出流
        Writer writer = null;
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = null;

        try {
            reader = new FileReader("D:\\abc.txt");
            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(reader);
            writer = new FileWriter("D:\\a.txt");
            bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(writer);
            char[] chars = new char[11];
            bufferedReader.read(chars);
            for (char c:chars) {
                System.out.println(c);
            }
            bufferedWriter.write(chars);
            bufferedWriter.flush();//刷新
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally {
            try {
                if (bufferedWriter != null)
                    bufferedWriter.close();
                if (writer != null)
                    writer.close();
                if (bufferedReader != null)
                   bufferedReader.close();
                if (reader != null)
                    reader.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }

    }
}