目录
一、SpringMVC对JSON的支持
Springmvc中如何获取到JSON数据
本期内容基于上期代码实现👀
JSON的形式有:{}-->JSON对象 []-->JSON数据组
{
msg:" ",
code:200,
date:[]
}-->JSON混合对象
在SpringMVC框架中如何产生上述三种格式的数据
步骤:1 导入pom依赖
2.配置Springmvc.xml--配置适配器(作用是做JSON数据转换)
3.使用注解@responseBody,能够将如何的数据转成JSON对象
1️⃣
<!--用来实现Springmvc支持JSON数据转换-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
2️⃣
<!--支持JSON数据返回的适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<!--处理中文乱码以及避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件-->
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>text/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
3️⃣
ClazzBiz
package com.xiaokun.ssm.biz;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.model.Clazz;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.util.PageBean;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public interface ClazzBiz {
int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
int insert(Clazz record);
int insertSelective(Clazz record);
Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record);
int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record);
List<Clazz> listPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean);
List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean);
}
ClazzBizImpl
package com.xiaokun.ssm.biz.impl;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.biz.ClazzBiz;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.mapper.ClazzMapper;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.model.Clazz;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import sun.security.provider.certpath.CertId;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author 小坤
* @create 2022-08-17-19:23
*/
@Service
public class ClazzBizImpl implements ClazzBiz {
//注入mapper接口
@Autowired
private ClazzMapper clazzMapper;
@Override
public int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid) {
return clazzMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(cid);
}
@Override
public int insert(Clazz record) {
return clazzMapper.insert(record);
}
@Override
public int insertSelective(Clazz record) {
return clazzMapper.insertSelective(record);
}
@Override
public Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid) {
return clazzMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(cid);
}
@Override
public int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record) {
return clazzMapper.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(record);
}
@Override
public int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record) {
return clazzMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(record);
}
@Override
public List<Clazz> listPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean) {
return clazzMapper.listPager(clazz);
}
@Override
public List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean) {
if (true)
throw new RuntimeException("错误出现在 ClazzBizImpl.mapListPager...");
return clazzMapper.listMapPager(clazz);
}
}
ClazzMapper
package com.xiaokun.ssm.mapper;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.model.Clazz;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Repository
public interface ClazzMapper {
int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
int insert(Clazz record);
int insertSelective(Clazz record);
Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
List<Clazz> listPager(Clazz clazz);
int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record);
int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record);
List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz);
}
ClazzMapper.xml
<select id="listMapPager" resultMap="java.util.Map" parameterType="com.xiaokun.ssm.model.Clazz" >
select
<include refid="Base_Column_List" />
from t_struts_class
<where>
<if test="cname != null and cname != ''">
and cname like CONCAT('%',#{cname},'%')
</if>
<if test="cid != null and cid != ''">
and cid like CONCAT('%',#{cid},'%')
</if>
</where>
</select>
jsonController
package com.xiaokun.ssm.controller;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.biz.ClazzBiz;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.model.Clazz;
import com.xiaokun.ssm.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author 小坤
* @create 2022-08-23-11:28
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/clz/json")
public class jsonController {
@Autowired
private ClazzBiz clazzBiz;
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("clzEdit")
public String clzEdit(){
System.out.println("jsonController.clzEdit");
return "clzEdit";
}
// list<T>
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("list")
public List<Clazz> list(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
// 返回 [{},{}]
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean);
}
// list<Map>
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("listMap")
public List<Map> listMap(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
// 返回 [{},{}]
return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean);
}
// Map
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("map")
public Map map(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
// 返回 {}
return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
}
// T
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("load")
public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
// http:localhost:8080/clz/json/load?cid=2
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
// 返回 {}
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
}
// {
// msg:"",
// code:20,
// data:[],
// PageBean:{}
// } ——>json混合对象
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("hunhe")
public Map hunhe(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
List<Clazz> lst = this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, pageBean);
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("data",lst);
map.put("pageBean",pageBean);
// 返回 {[{},{}]}
return map;
}
}
index 测试一下
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Administrator
Date: 2022/8/17
Time: 9:35
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>测试JSON数据返回</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>JSON</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/list">返回List<T>对象</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/listMap">返回List<Map>对象</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/load?cid=1">返回T对象</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/map?cid=1">返回Map对象</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/all">返回混合</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/hunhe">返回混合对象</a><hr>
</body>
</html>
一般在项目中呢,我们不太会把 @ResponseBody 加在方法上,因为我们做json数据交互的话,通常整个类的方法都是返回json数据,如果是按照我们上面的那样的方法每一个方法上都要加@ResponseBody 这就导致了有点嫌弃,所以我们要加到类上面
@ResponseBody+@Controller=(等价于)@RestController
二、全局异常处理的3种形式
1)为什么要全局异常处理
系统中异常包括:编译时异常和运行时异常RuntimeException,前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息,后者主要通过规范代码开发、测试通过手段减少运行时异常的发生。在开发中,不管是dao层、service层还是controller层,都有可能抛出异常,在springmvc中,能将所有类型的异常处理从各处理过程解耦出来,既保证了相关处理过程的功能较单一,也实现了异常信息的统一处理和维护
2)异常处理思路
系统的dao、service、controller出现异常都通过throws Exception向上抛出,最后由springmvc前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理。springmvc提供全局异常处理器(一个系统只有一个异常处理器)进行统一异常处理
3)SpringMVC异常处理的三种形式
1)使用Spring MVC提供的简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver;
2)实现Spring的异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver自定义自己的异常处理器;
3)使用@ControllerAdvice + @ExceptionHandler
相关代码 Controller层 jsonController.java
// list<T>
@RequestMapping("list")
public List<Clazz> list(HttpServletRequest request,Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
if(true)
throw new RuntimeException("查询班级信息异常,异常存在于jsonController.list....");
pageBean.setRequest(request);
// 返回 [{},{}]
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean);
}
service层 ClazzBizImpl.java
@Override
public List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean) {
if(true)
throw new RuntimeException("查询班级信息异常,异常存在于ClazzBizImpl.list....");
return clazzMapper.listMapPager(clazz);
}
异常处理形式1:
<!--统一异常处理-->
<!-- springmvc提供的简单异常处理器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<!-- 定义默认的异常处理页面 -->
<property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>
<!-- 定义异常处理页面用来获取异常信息的变量名,也可不定义,默认名为exception -->
<property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"/>
<!-- 定义需要特殊处理的异常,这是重要点 -->
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="java.lang.RuntimeException">error</prop>
</props>
<!-- 还可以定义其他的自定义异常 -->
</property>
</bean>
error.jsp界面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Administrator
Date: 2022/8/22
Time: 19:43
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>错误信息页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--这里就ex就取决于我们刚刚那个上面那个接收值--%>
${ex}
<hr>
${msg}
</body>
</html>
现在的展示形式就是这样的
异常处理形式2:
创建一个类
将处理器注释
创建一个接口类
package com.xiaokun.ssm.exception;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* @author 小坤
* @create 2022-08-22-16:09
*
* 处理全局异常的解析器
*/
@Component
public class GlobalHandlerExceptionResovler implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
/**
*
* @param httpServletRequest
* @param httpServletResponse
* @param o 目标对象
* @param e 目标对象执行,出现的异常对象
* @return
*/
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("error");
if(e instanceof GlobalException){
GlobalException exception = (GlobalException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","全局异常,错误码501");
}
else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
RuntimeException exception = (RuntimeException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常,错误码601");
}
return mv;
}
}
测试代码controller层的改变
jsonController.java
// T
@RequestMapping("load")
public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
// http:localhost:8080/clz/json/load?cid=2
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
if(true)
throw new GlobalException("系统繁忙,请参考E007");
// 返回 {}
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
}
异常处理形式3:
重新创建一个类
package com.xiaokun.ssm.exception;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
/**
* @author 小坤
* @create 2022-08-22-16:09
*/
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionResolver {
// @ExceptionHandler:异常处理器 固定的叫handler
@ExceptionHandler
public ModelAndView handler(Exception e) {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("error");
if(e instanceof GlobalException){
GlobalException exception = (GlobalException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","全局异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码501");
}
else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
RuntimeException exception = (RuntimeException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码601");
}
return mv;
}
}
全局异常处理 JSON 返回
我们把注解注释掉,它下面的方法就不生效了,如图所示
再创建一个类,演示JSON返回异常处理
package com.xiaokun.ssm.exception;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/
* 当出现异常,统一向前端响应错误信息的json对象数据
*/
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionResolver2 {
// @ExceptionHandler:异常处理器 固定的叫handler
@ExceptionHandler
public Map handler(Exception e) {
Map map = new HashMap();
if(e instanceof GlobalException){
GlobalException exception = (GlobalException) e;
map.put("ex",exception.getMessage());
map.put("msg","全局异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码501");
}
else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
RuntimeException exception = (RuntimeException) e;
map.put("ex",exception.getMessage());
map.put("msg","运行时异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码601");
}
return map;
}
}
运行结果如图所示: 返回的都是我们的json数据了,这就是我们以后要用的
在请求处理方法中添加@ResponseBody注解,将返回结果直接转换成JSON
@RequestMapping("/loadFwxxToJson")
@ResponseBody
public Fwxx loadFwxxToJson(@ModelAttribute Fwxx fwxx) {
...
}注:此请求处理方法返回的已经不是视图了
解决JSON死循环问题
@JsonIgnore
解决JSON格式化问题
JsonFormat
日期格式化
数字格式化(使用较少)
转换时指定属性名
@JsonProperty("error_code")