用法
JavaScript 可以通过不同的方法来输出数据
使用 console.long() 写入到浏览器的控制台
使用 document.write() 方法将内容写到HTML文件中
使用 innerHTML 写入到HTML元素
使用 window.alert() 弹出警告框
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>JavaScript 显示数据</title>
</head>
<body>
<span id="msg"></span>
</body>
</html>
<script>
// 写入到浏览器的控制台
window.console.log('111')
// 将内容写到HTML文件中
window.document.write('222')
// 写入到HTML元素
// 1.找到元素
// 2.写入到元素
window.document.querySelector('#msg').innerHTML = '活着';
// 弹出警告框
window.alert('道生一 一生二')
</script>
弹窗
变量与常量
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>变量与常量</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
// 变量声明
let a;
// 变量赋值
a =10;
window.document.write('a= ' + a + '<br>');
// 变量声明并赋值
let b=20;
window.document.write('b= ' + b + '<br>');
let c=30,d=40;
window.document.write('c= ' + c + '<br>');
window.document.write('d= ' + d + '<br>');
let e,f =50;
// e声明但没赋值
window.document.write('e= ' + e + '<br>');
window.document.write('f= ' + f + '<br>');
let h;
window.document.write('h= ' + h + '<br>');
f = 60;
window.document.write('f= ' + f + '<br>');
window.document.write('<hr>');
const j = 70;
window.document.write('j= ' + j + '<br>');
// Uncaught TypeError: Assignment to constant variable.
// 常量是不能变值的
j = 80;
</script>
字符串
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>字符串</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
// 转义字符
window.document.writeln('\'');
window.document.writeln("\"");
window.document.writeln("'");
window.document.writeln('"');
let a='我爱你';
let b='我爱你吗';
window.document.writeln(a+b);
let slogan="我真的爱你";
// 字符串拼接
window.document.writeln("<br>slogan >>>" +slogan);
// 字符串模板
window.document.writeln(`<br>slogan >>> ${slogan}`);
</script>
基本数据类型
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>基本数据类型</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
// number 数值型
let a = 10;
let b = 3.14;
window.document.writeln('a 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (a)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln('b 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (b)+'<br>');
// string 字符串类型
let c ='李';
let slogan='嘿嘿嘿';
window.document.writeln('c 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (c)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln('slogan 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (slogan)+'<br>');
// boolean 布尔类型 true false
let d=true;
let e=false;
window.document.writeln('d 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (d)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln('e 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (e)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln('ture 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (true)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln('false 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (false)+'<br>');
// NaN Not an Number
let result = 20/10;
window.document.writeln('result 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (result)+'<br>');
let result01 = '李'/10;
window.document.writeln('李/10'+ result01+ '<br>');
window.document.writeln('李/10 的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (result01)+'<br>');
// underfined 没有赋值的变量
let f;
window.document.writeln('f ='+ f+ '<br>');
window.document.writeln('f的数据类型 >>>'+typeof (f)+'<br>');
</script>
数学计算
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>数学计算</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let a=10;
let b=20;
window.document.writeln('a + b ='+(a+b)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln('a - b ='+(a-b)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln('a * b ='+(a*b)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln('a / b ='+(a/b)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln('20 % 3 ='+(20 %3)+'<br>');
</script>
逻辑运算符
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>逻辑运算符</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let a = 10;
let b = 10;
// 值
window.document.writeln("a == b >>>" + (a == b)+'<br>');
// 内存地址
window.document.writeln("a === b >>>" + (a === b)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln("a != b >>>" + (a != b)+'<br>');
let c = true;
let d = false;
window.document.writeln("ture == ture >>>" + (ture == flase)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln("ture != flase >>>" + (ture == flase)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln("ture != flase >>>" + (ture && flase)+'<br>');
window.document.writeln("ture != flase >>>" + (ture || flase)+'<br>');
</script>
选择结构
<script>
// if(条件表达式){代码块}
// 如果条件返回结果为true则执行代码块,如果条件返回结果为false则不执行代码块
let flag = true;
if (flag) {
window.document.writeln('<h1>flag的值为true<h1>');
}
window.document.writeln('<h1>第一次判断结束<h1>');
if (flag) {
window.document.writeln('<h1>flag的值为true<h1>');
} else {
window.document.writeln('<h1>flag的值为false<h1>');
}
window.document.writeln('<hr>');
let weekDay = 10 % 7;
if (weekDay == 1) {
window.document.writeln('今天是星期一');
} else if (weekDay == 2) {
window.document.writeln('今天是星期二');
} else if (weekDay == 3) {
window.document.writeln('今天是星期三');
} else if (weekDay == 4) {
window.document.writeln('今天是星期四');
} else if (weekDay == 5) {
window.document.writeln('今天是星期五');
} else if (weekDay == 6) {
window.document.writeln('今天是星期六');
} else {
window.document.writeln('今天是星期日');
}
</script>
分支结构
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>分支结构</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let weekDay =10 %7;
if (weekDay == 1){
window.document.writeln('今天是星期一');
}else if(weekDay == 2){
window.document.writeln('今天是星期二');
}else if(weekDay == 3){
window.document.writeln('今天是星期三');
}else if(weekDay == 4){
window.document.writeln('今天是星期四');
}else if(weekDay == 5){
window.document.writeln('今天是星期五');
}else if(weekDay == 6){
window.document.writeln('今天是星期六');
}else if(weekDay == 7){
window.document.writeln('今天是星期日');
}
</script>
while循环
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>while循环</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let count = 0;0
while(count<10){
window.document.writeln('1111<br>');
count++;
}
</script>
while循环 _break
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>while循环</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let count = 0;0
while(count<10){
if(count==5){
break;
}
window.document.writeln('1111<br>');
count++;
}
</script>
while循环 _continue
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>while循环</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let count = 0;
while(count<10){
if(count ++ % 2 == 0){
continue;
}
// 2 4 6 8 10
window.document.writeln(`第 ${count} 次说爱你<br>`);
count++; // 可以不写
}
window.document.writeln(`<hr>`);
let count01 = 0;
while(count01<10){
if(++count01 % 2 == 0){
continue;
}
// 1 3 5 7 9
window.document.writeln(`第 ${count01} 次说爱你<br>`);
count++;
}
</script>
for循环
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>for循环</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
for(
let index = 0;
index<10;
index++
){
window.document.writeln(`第${index+1} 此说爱你<br>`)
}
</script>
for循环_break
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>for循环</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
for(let index = 0;index<10;index++){
if(index ==5){
break;
}
window.document.writeln(`第${index+1} 此说爱你<br>`)
}
</script>
for循环_continue
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>for循环</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
for(let index = 0;index<10;index++){
if(index %2==0){
continue;
}
window.document.writeln(`第${index+1} 此说爱你<br>`)
}
</script>
数组
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>数组</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let arr0=['1','2','3'];
window.console.log(arr0);
window.console.log(arr0[0]);
window.console.log(arr0[1]);
window.console.log(arr0[2]);
window.console.log(arr0[3]);
arr0[3]='4';
window.console.log(arr0[3]);
window.console.log(arr0.length);
window.console.log(arr0);
window.console.log('******************************************************');
for(let index = 0;index<arr0.length;index++){
const element=arr0[index];
window.console.log(element);
}
window.console.log('******************************************************');
arr0.forEach(element => {
window.console.log(element);
});
window.console.log('******************************************************');
let arr1 = new Array(5);
window.console.log(arr1);
for(let index = 0;index<arr1.length;index++){
arr1[index] = index*3;
}
window.console.log(arr1);
window.console.log('******************************************************');
let arr2 = new Array(5);
window.console.log(arr1);
for(let index = 0;index<arr2.length;index++){
arr2[index] = index*5;
}
window.console.log(arr2);
window.console.log('******************************************************');
</script>
数组遍历
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>数组遍历</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let array=['1','2','3'];
for (let index = 0; index < array.length; index++) {
const element = array[index];
window.console.log(element);
}
window.console.log('********************************************************');
array.forEach(element =>{
window.console.log(element);
});
window.console.log('********************************************************');
for(const index in array){
window.console.log(index);
}
window.console.log('********************************************************');
for(const index in array){
window.console.log(array[index]);
}
window.console.log('********************************************************');
for(const element in array){
window.console.log(element);
}
window.console.log('********************************************************');
window.console.log('********************************************************');
</script>
列表生成式
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>列表生成式</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let nums = [0, 2, 5, 6, 8];
let res01 = nums.every(num =>{
return num % 2 == 0;
});
console.log(res01);
let res02 = nums.filter(num => num % 2 == 0);
console.log(res02);
let res03 = nums.map(num => num * 2);
console.log(res03);
let res04 = nums.reduce((a, b) => a + b);
console.log(res04);
let res05 = nums.join('-');
console.log(res05);
let strs = ['李','四','七'];
let res06 = strs.join('');
console.log(res06);
let times = [1983,11,22];
let date = times.join('-');
console.log(date);
</script>
数组新增和删除元素
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>数组新增和删除元素</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let array = ['java','python'];
window.console.log(array);
// 数组末尾追加元素
array[array.length] = 'c#';
window.console.log(array);
array.push('php');
window.console.log(array);
// 在数组起始位插入
array.unshift('scala');
window.console.log(array);
// 以弹栈的方式获取数组最大下标位置上的元素
let a = array.pop();
window.console.log(a);
window.console.log(array);
// 以弹栈的方式获取数组最小下标位置上的元素
let b = array.shift();
window.console.log(b);
window.console.log(array);
</script>
数组截取slice
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>数组截取slice</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let array =[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];
console.log(array);
let newArr = array.slice(3,7);
console.log(newArr);
console.log(array);
</script>
数组截取splice
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>数组截取splice</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<script>
let array =[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];
console.log(array);
let newArr = array.splice(3,2);
console.log(newArr);
console.log(array);
newArr = array.splice(3,2,'李','4');
console.log(newArr);
console.log(array);
</script>