python——pip问题

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-22 04:09:30 发布

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#python #pip #开发语言

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文章描述了在尝试安装tensorflow-cpu版本时遇到的ProxyError和SSL握手超时的错误，以及如何通过更改pip源到阿里云镜像来解决这个问题。提供了具体的Windows和Linux系统的pip源配置方法，并给出了一个因未信任主机导致的安装失败案例及其解决方案。

报错信息如下：

WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('_ssl.c:1074: The handshake operation timed out'))': /pypi/simple/tensorflow-cpu/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('_ssl.c:1074: The handshake operation timed out'))': /pypi/simple/tensorflow-cpu/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('_ssl.c:1074: The handshake operation timed out'))': /pypi/simple/tensorflow-cpu/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('_ssl.c:1074: The handshake operation timed out'))': /pypi/simple/tensorflow-cpu/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('_ssl.c:1074: The handshake operation timed out'))': /pypi/simple/tensorflow-cpu/
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement tensorflow-cpu==2.1.0
ERROR: No matching distribution found for tensorflow-cpu==2.1.0

解决方案：

pip install matplotlib-i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com

下面是收集的一些国内的pip源：阿里云 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
中国科技大学 https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
豆瓣(douban) http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
清华大学 https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
中国科学技术大学 http://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

如果想要永久修改pip源，可按照如下操作：

Windows：

1.找到系统盘下C:\Users\用户名\AppData\Roaming

2.查看在Roaming文件夹下有没有一个pip文件夹，如果没有创建一个；

3.进入pip文件夹，创建一个pip.ini文件；

4.使用记事本的方式打开pip.ini文件，写入：

[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple  # 指定下载源
trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com             # 指定域名

Linux:

# 找到~/.pip/pip.conf,如果不存在就创建,加入内容如下

[global]
timeout = 10 # 设置超时，单位s
index-url =  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/   # 指定优先下载源
extra-index-url= http://pypi.douban.com/simple/   # 第二下载源
[install]
trusted-host=
    mirrors.aliyun.com
    pypi.douban.com

我在尝试的过程发现如下报错：

E:\Python_papers>pip install pyl
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
WARNING: The repository located at mirrors.aliyun.com is not a trusted or secure host an
d is being ignored. If this repository is available via HTTPS we recommend you use HTTPS
 instead, otherwise you may silence this warning and allow it anyway with '--trusted-hos
t mirrors.aliyun.com'.
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pyl (from versions: none)

ERROR: No matching distribution found for pyl

解决方案如下：

pip install ××× -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com

成功解决问题如下图：