Linux文件其他操作

 

 

 

 

一、复制、移动

1、在/test目录下创建一个子目录dir，将/etc/passwd复制到该目录

[root@localhost test]# mkdir dir
[root@localhost test]# cp /etc/passwd /test/dir

2、将/etc/ssh/sshd_config文件复制到/test目录

[root@localhost test]# cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /test

3、将/etc/yum.repos.d/目录复制到/test目录

[root@localhost test]# cp -a /etc/yum.repos.d/ /test

4、将/etc/hosts文件复制到/test目录

[root@localhost test]# cp /etc/hosts /test

5、将/etc/hostname文件复制到/test目录

[root@localhost test]# cp /etc/hostname /test

6、将/test/sshd_config文件移动到/test/dir目录下并改名为sshd.conf

[root@localhost test]# mv /test/sshd_config /test/dir/sshd.conf

二、文件查找

1、在$HOME目录及其子目录中，查找2天前被更改过的文件

[root@localhost ~]# find -mtime -2 -type f -print
./anaconda-ks.cfg
./.cache/dconf/user
./.cache/tracker/db-version.txt
./.cache/tracker/meta.db
./.cache/tracker/db-locale.txt

2、在/etc/目录下寻找以host开头的文件

[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "host*" -type f -print
/etc/host.conf
/etc/hosts
/etc/avahi/hosts
/etc/hostname
/etc/nvme/hostnqn
/etc/nvme/hostid

3、在/test/下面查找目录文件

[root@localhost ~]# find /test -type d -print
/test
/test/dir
/test/yum.repos.d

4、在/test目录及子目录中，查找超过2KB的文件

[root@localhost ~]# find /test -size +2k -ls
  1551175      8 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root         4309 Oct 22 22:20 /test/sshd.conf
  1551169      4 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root         2617 Oct 22 22:30 /test/passwd
 34288565      4 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root         2548 Oct 23 14:45 /test/dir/passwd
  1551174      8 -rw-------   1  root     root         4269 Jul 12  2021 /test/dir/sshd.conf
  1551180      8 -rw-------   1  root     root         4269 Oct 23 15:04 /test/sshd_config

三、打包压缩

1、将/test目录下的所有文件和文件夹全部压缩成myfile.zip文件

[root@localhost ~]# zip myfile.zip /test/*
  adding: test/bashrc (deflated 32%)
  adding: test/dir/ (stored 0%)
  adding: test/file (deflated 20%)
  adding: test/group (deflated 15%)
  adding: test/hostname (deflated 5%)
  adding: test/hosts (deflated 65%)
  adding: test/motd.hard (deflated 3%)
  adding: test/motd.soft (deflated 3%)
  adding: test/passwd (deflated 61%)
  adding: test/profile (deflated 43%)
  adding: test/sshd.conf (deflated 54%)
  adding: test/sshd_config (deflated 55%)
  adding: test/yum.repos.d/ (stored 0%)
[root@localhost ~]# unzip -v myfile.zip
Archive:  myfile.zip
 Length   Method    Size  Cmpr    Date    Time   CRC-32   Name
--------  ------  ------- ---- ---------- ----- --------  ----
     164  Defl:N      111  32% 10-22-2022 22:32 563ce98b  test/bashrc
       0  Stored        0   0% 10-23-2022 15:02 00000000  test/dir/
     137  Defl:N      109  20% 10-22-2022 21:33 d27e1bfc  test/file
      20  Defl:N       17  15% 10-22-2022 22:31 1e76fbd5  test/group
      22  Defl:N       21   5% 10-23-2022 14:58 48c50885  test/hostname
     158  Defl:N       56  65% 10-23-2022 14:56 6ab3fd78  test/hosts
      99  Defl:N       96   3% 10-22-2022 21:28 8878450c  test/motd.hard
      99  Defl:N       96   3% 10-22-2022 21:28 8878450c  test/motd.soft
    2617  Defl:N     1017  61% 10-22-2022 22:30 3aeb434f  test/passwd
      68  Defl:N       39  43% 10-22-2022 22:37 9fc7642d  test/profile
    4309  Defl:N     1967  54% 10-22-2022 22:20 9248bbe5  test/sshd.conf
    4269  Defl:N     1940  55% 10-23-2022 15:04 40610ac7  test/sshd_config
       0  Stored        0   0% 10-22-2022 21:30 00000000  test/yum.repos.d/
--------          -------  ---                            -------
   11962             5469  54%                            13 files

2、把myfile.zip文件解压到 /opt

[root@localhost ~]# unzip myfile.zip -d /opt
Archive:  myfile.zip
  inflating: /opt/test/bashrc
   creating: /opt/test/dir/
  inflating: /opt/test/file
  inflating: /opt/test/group
  inflating: /opt/test/hostname
  inflating: /opt/test/hosts
  inflating: /opt/test/motd.hard
  inflating: /opt/test/motd.soft
  inflating: /opt/test/passwd
  inflating: /opt/test/profile
  inflating: /opt/test/sshd.conf
  inflating: /opt/test/sshd_config
   creating: /opt/test/yum.repos.d/

3、将/opt目录下的文件全部打包并用gzip压缩成/test/newfile.tar.gz

[root@localhost opt]# tar -czf /test/newfile.tar.gz ./

4、查看/test/newfile.tar.gz文件中有哪些文件

[root@localhost ~]# tar tvf /test/newfile.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2022-10-23 15:32 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2022-10-23 15:32 ./test/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       164 2022-10-22 22:32 ./test/bashrc
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2022-10-23 15:02 ./test/dir/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       137 2022-10-22 21:33 ./test/file
-rw-r--r-- root/root        20 2022-10-22 22:31 ./test/group
-rw-r--r-- root/root        22 2022-10-23 14:58 ./test/hostname
-rw-r--r-- root/root       158 2022-10-23 14:56 ./test/hosts
-rw-r--r-- root/root        99 2022-10-22 21:28 ./test/motd.hard
-rw-r--r-- root/root        99 2022-10-22 21:28 ./test/motd.soft
-rw-r--r-- root/root      2617 2022-10-22 22:30 ./test/passwd
-rw-r--r-- root/root        68 2022-10-22 22:37 ./test/profile
-rw-r--r-- root/root      4309 2022-10-22 22:20 ./test/sshd.conf
-rw------- root/root      4269 2022-10-23 15:04 ./test/sshd_config
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2022-10-22 21:30 ./test/yum.repos.d/

5、将newfile.tar.gz下载至windows客户端主机

6、在/test目录内，备份/etc下的所有文件并保留其权限

[root@localhost test]# tar -cvf  etc.tar /etc