pyqtgraph实时绘图，接收CH340串口数据；数据格式可自行更改，支持暂停查看波形，随时启停；附全部代码

一本书啊

于 2024-10-11 22:02:04 发布

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文章标签： python pyqt

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_71788753/article/details/142863686

版权

一、相关库的安装

pip install pyserial  	#python 串口库
pip install pyqtgraph	#安装pyqtgraph	
pip install PyQt5		#安装python QT

二、代码使用步骤：

插入ch340,在设备管理器-端口看下COM几，然后更改文末代码中大概217行的COM数字
如没有外部串口数据，可取消代码中大概276行的注释，并将ch340的tx和rx短接
运行代码，暂停按q,开始按s

三、更改串口数据格式

本代码的格式在uart_send_thread线程里可以看到，为："%1d:%7d,%7d"

即：

在uart_read_thread线程里，可以自行更改接受数据的方法，保证将接受到的曲线数据put到各自的队列即可

四、代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
import time
import signal
import pyqtgraph as pg
import array
import serial
import numpy as np
from queue import Queue
import _thread
import keyboard
color_list=(
 '#F0F8FF',
 '#FAEBD7',
 '#00FFFF',
 '#7FFFD4',
 '#F0FFFF',
 '#F5F5DC',
 '#FFE4C4',
 '#000000',
 '#FFEBCD',
 '#0000FF',
 '#8A2BE2',
 '#A52A2A',
 '#DEB887',
 '#5F9EA0',
 '#7FFF00',
 '#D2691E',
 '#FF7F50',
 '#6495ED',
 '#FFF8DC',
 '#DC143C',
 '#00FFFF',
 '#00008B',
 '#008B8B',
 '#B8860B',
 '#A9A9A9',
 '#006400',
 '#BDB76B',
 '#8B008B',
 '#556B2F',
 '#FF8C00',
 '#9932CC',
 '#8B0000',
 '#E9967A',
 '#8FBC8F',
 '#483D8B',
 '#2F4F4F',
 '#00CED1',
 '#9400D3',
 '#FF1493',
 '#00BFFF',
 '#696969',
 '#1E90FF',
 '#B22222',
 '#FFFAF0',
 '#228B22',
 '#FF00FF',
 '#DCDCDC',
 '#F8F8FF',
 '#FFD700',
 '#DAA520',
 '#808080',
 '#008000',
 '#ADFF2F',
 '#F0FFF0',
 '#FF69B4',
 '#CD5C5C',
 '#4B0082',
 '#FFFFF0',
 '#F0E68C',
 '#E6E6FA',
 '#FFF0F5',
 '#7CFC00',
 '#FFFACD',
 '#ADD8E6',
 '#F08080',
 '#E0FFFF',
 '#FAFAD2',
 '#90EE90',
 '#D3D3D3',
 '#FFB6C1',
 '#FFA07A',
 '#20B2AA',
 '#87CEFA',
 '#778899',
 '#B0C4DE',
 '#FFFFE0',
 '#00FF00',
 '#32CD32',
 '#FAF0E6',
 '#FF00FF',
 '#800000',
 '#66CDAA',
 '#0000CD',
 '#BA55D3',
 '#9370DB',
 '#3CB371',
 '#7B68EE',
 '#00FA9A',
 '#48D1CC',
 '#C71585',
 '#191970',
 '#F5FFFA',
 '#FFE4E1',
 '#FFE4B5',
 '#FFDEAD',
 '#000080',
 '#FDF5E6',
 '#808000',
 '#6B8E23',
 '#FFA500',
 '#FF4500',
 '#DA70D6',
 '#EEE8AA',
 '#98FB98',
 '#AFEEEE',
 '#DB7093',
 '#FFEFD5',
 '#FFDAB9',
 '#CD853F',
 '#FFC0CB',
 '#DDA0DD',
 '#B0E0E6',
 '#800080',
 '#FF0000',
 '#BC8F8F',
 '#4169E1',
 '#8B4513',
 '#FA8072',
 '#FAA460',
 '#2E8B57',
 '#FFF5EE',
 '#A0522D',
 '#C0C0C0',
 '#87CEEB',
 '#6A5ACD',
 '#708090',
 '#FFFAFA',
 '#00FF7F',
 '#4682B4',
 '#D2B48C',
 '#008080',
 '#D8BFD8',
 '#FF6347',
 '#40E0D0',
 '#EE82EE',
 '#F5DEB3',
 '#FFFFFF',
 '#F5F5F5',
 '#FFFF00',
 '#9ACD32'
)
print(np.shape(color_list))
#串口绘图类
'''
入口参数：
    num:曲线通道数量
    historyLength:可保存的历史数据长度，即横坐标长度
'''
class Uart_plot:   
    stop_flag=0#暂停标志位
    historyLength = 1000 #横坐标长度
    #窗口
    win = pg.GraphicsLayoutWidget(show=True)
    win.setWindowTitle(u'pyqtgraph chart tool') #建立窗口
    win.resize(900, 600) #窗口大小
    #图
    p = win.addPlot() #把图p加入到窗口中
    p.showGrid(x=True, y=True) #把X和Y的表格打开
    #p.setRange(xRange=[0, historyLength], yRange=[-1000, 1000], padding=0) #设置区间   
    p.setLabel(axis='left',     text='y-mag')   #设置标签
    p.setLabel(axis='bottom',   text='x-time')  #设置标签
    p.setTitle('Serial Chart') #表格的名字
    num=0
    queue_mags=[]#队列
    datas=[]#数据
    curves=[]#曲线
    #绘图线程
    timer = pg.QtCore.QTimer()   
    def __init__(self,num,historyLength):
        self.num=num 
        self.historyLength=historyLength
        for j in range(self.num):
            self.queue_mags.append(Queue(maxsize=0)) 
            self.datas.append(array.array('d'))
            self.datas[j]=np.zeros(self.historyLength).__array__('d')
            self.curves.append(self.p.plot(self.datas[j], pen=color_list[2*j]))

    def start(self):
        self.timer.timeout.connect(self.plotData) #定时调用plotData函数
        self.timer.start(1) #多少ms调用一次

    def plotData(self):
        if keyboard.is_pressed('q'):
            print('q is press')
            self.stop_flag=1
        if keyboard.is_pressed('s'):
            print('s is press')
            self.stop_flag=0
            
        for j in range(self.num):
            if self.stop_flag:
                if self.queue_mags[j].empty():
                    pass
                else:
                    self.queue_mags[j].get()
            else:
                if self.queue_mags[j].empty():
                    pass
                else:
                    self.datas[j][:-1] = self.datas[j][1:]
                    self.datas[j][-1] = self.queue_mags[j].get()
            self.curves[j].setData(self.datas[j])

mSerial = serial.Serial(port="COM4", baudrate=921600)
uart_send_x=[0,0,0,0,0]
uart_send_y=[0,0,0,0,0]
#串口发送线程
def uart_send_thread(threadName,delay):
    while True:
        try:
            uart_send_x[0]+=1
            if uart_send_x[0]>999:
                uart_send_x[0]=-999
            uart_send_x[1]-=1
            if uart_send_x[1]<-999:
                uart_send_x[1]=999
            for i in range(5):
                time.sleep(delay)           
                send_arr=str("%1d:%7d,%7d"%(i,uart_send_x[i],uart_send_y[i])).encode("utf-8")
                if mSerial.is_open:
                    mSerial.write(send_arr)
        except:
            pass
#串口接受线程
def uart_read_thread(threadName,delay):
    uart_read_x=[]
    uart_read_y=[]
    for i in range(uart_plot_ob.num):
        uart_read_x.append(0)
        uart_read_y.append(0)
    while True:       
        try:
            time.sleep(delay)
            uart0_read_array=mSerial.read(17)
            str_temp=uart0_read_array.decode('utf-8')
            uart_read_x[int(str_temp[0])]=int(str_temp[2:9])
            uart_read_y[int(str_temp[0])]=int(str_temp[10:17])       
            uart_plot_ob.queue_mags[int(str_temp[0])].put(uart_read_x[int(str_temp[0])])#将串口接受的数据put到队列里
            #print("uart0_read_array",uart0_read_array)
        except:
            print("uart_read_x",uart_read_x)
            mSerial.close()
            time.sleep(0.001)
            mSerial.open()
            print("uart error")
            pass

def sig_handler(signum, frame):
    sys.exit(0)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, sig_handler)#ctrl+c可结束
    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, sig_handler)

    app = pg.mkQApp() #建立app

    uart_plot_ob=Uart_plot(20,1000)
    #开始绘图
    uart_plot_ob.start()
    #串口接受
    _thread.start_new_thread(uart_read_thread,("uart_read_thread",0))
    #串口发送（如没有外部串口数据，可在main里打开此线程，并将ch340的tx和rx短接，查看波形）
    _thread.start_new_thread(uart_send_thread,("uart_send_thread",0.01))

    app.exec_()