httpd实例和httpds部署

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-20 09:01:41 发布
最新推荐文章于 2023-12-20 09:01:41 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_72900594/article/details/126152607
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###httpd
测试步骤：
第一步下载httpd服务,开启服务和暂时关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
Last metadata expiration check: 0:52:58 ago on Thu Jul 21 16:00:04 2022.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================================================
 Package                   Architecture  Version                                         Repository        Size
================================================================================================================
Installing:
 httpd                     x86_64        2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1        appstream        1.4 M
Installing dependencies:
 apr                       x86_64        1.6.3-12.el8                                    appstream        129 k
 apr-util                  x86_64        1.6.1-6.el8                                     appstream        105 k
 centos-logos-httpd        noarch        85.8-2.el8                                      appstream         75 k
 httpd-filesystem          noarch        2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1        appstream         41 k
 httpd-tools               x86_64        2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1        appstream        108 k
 mod_http2                 x86_64        1.15.7-5.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb           appstream        155 k
Installing weak dependencies:
 apr-util-bdb              x86_64        1.6.1-6.el8                                     appstream         25 k
 apr-util-openssl          x86_64        1.6.1-6.el8                                     appstream         27 k
Enabling module streams:
 httpd                                   2.4                                                                   

Transaction Summary
================================================================================================================
Install  9 Packages

Total download size: 2.1 M
Installed size: 5.6 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/9): apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64.rpm                                       21 kB/s |  25 kB     00:01    
(2/9): apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64.rpm                                   19 kB/s |  27 kB     00:01    
(3/9): apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64.rpm                                           41 kB/s | 105 kB     00:02    
(4/9): apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64.rpm                                               37 kB/s | 129 kB     00:03    
(5/9): httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.noarch.rpm      36 kB/s |  41 kB     00:01    
(6/9): httpd-tools-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64.rpm           20 kB/s | 108 kB     00:05    
(7/9): centos-logos-httpd-85.8-2.el8.noarch.rpm                                 8.3 kB/s |  75 kB     00:08    
(8/9): mod_http2-1.15.7-5.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.x86_64.rpm                31 kB/s | 155 kB     00:04    
(9/9): httpd-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64.rpm                 22 kB/s | 1.4 MB     01:05    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                            30 kB/s | 2.1 MB     01:09     
CentOS Stream 8 - AppStream                                                     1.6 MB/s | 1.6 kB     00:00    
Importing GPG key 0x8483C65D:
 Userid     : "CentOS (CentOS Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 99DB 70FA E1D7 CE22 7FB6 4882 05B5 55B3 8483 C65D
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                        1/1 
  Installing       : apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64                                                                1/9 
  Running scriptlet: apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64                                                                1/9 
  Installing       : apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                        2/9 
  Installing       : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                    3/9 
  Installing       : apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                            4/9 
  Running scriptlet: apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                            4/9 
  Installing       : httpd-tools-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                            5/9 
  Running scriptlet: httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.noarch                       6/9 
  Installing       : httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.noarch                       6/9 
  Installing       : centos-logos-httpd-85.8-2.el8.noarch                                                   7/9 
  Installing       : mod_http2-1.15.7-5.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.x86_64                                 8/9 
  Installing       : httpd-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                                  9/9 
  Running scriptlet: httpd-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                                  9/9 
  Verifying        : apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64                                                                1/9 
  Verifying        : apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                            2/9 
  Verifying        : apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                        3/9 
  Verifying        : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                    4/9 
  Verifying        : centos-logos-httpd-85.8-2.el8.noarch                                                   5/9 
  Verifying        : httpd-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                                  6/9 
  Verifying        : httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.noarch                       7/9 
  Verifying        : httpd-tools-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                            8/9 
  Verifying        : mod_http2-1.15.7-5.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.x86_64                                 9/9 

Installed:
  apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64                                                                                       
  apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                                                   
  apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                                               
  apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                                           
  centos-logos-httpd-85.8-2.el8.noarch                                                                          
  httpd-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                                                         
  httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.noarch                                              
  httpd-tools-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                                                   
  mod_http2-1.15.7-5.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.x86_64                                                        

Complete!
[root@localhost html]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart httpd

第二步进入到 /var/www/html目录，更改首页访问内容为”hello“然后进入浏览器进行访问

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/html
[root@localhost html]# ls
[root@localhost html]# echo "hello" > index.html
[root@localhost html]# ls
index.html

第三步解压tanke安装包，把youxi目录的tanke转移到/var/www/html/下面进行演示

[root@localhost youxi]# unzip tanke.zip 
[root@localhost youxi]# ls
Battle_City
[root@localhost youxi]# mv Battle_City tanke
[root@localhost youxi]# ls
tanke

[root@localhost youxi]# mv tanke /var/www/html/
[root@localhost youxi]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@localhost html]# ls
index.html  tanke  youxi

[root@localhost html]# ls
index.html  tanke
[root@localhost html]# cd tanke/
[root@localhost tanke]# ls
audio  css  images  index.html  js

进入浏览器进行访问IP后面接tanke
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虚拟主机有三类：

相同IP不同端口
进入etc/httpd/目录找到conf.d配置文件进入配置文下，利用find / -name *vhosts.conf 来进行查找这个路径然后cp到本目录下面

[root@localhost tanke]# cd /etc/httpd/
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
conf  conf.d  conf.modules.d  logs  modules  run  state
[root@localhost httpd]# cd conf.d/
[root@localhost conf.d]# ls
README  autoindex.conf  userdir.conf  welcome.conf
[root@localhost conf.d]# pwd
/etc/httpd/conf.d
[root@localhost conf.d]# find / -name *vhosts.conf
find: '/proc/678052': No such file or directory
find: '/proc/678075': No such file or directory
find: '/run/user/1000/gvfs': Permission denied
/usr/share/doc/httpd/httpd-vhosts.conf
[root@localhost conf.d]# cp /usr/share/doc/httpd/httpd-vhosts.conf .
[root@localhost conf.d]# ls
README  autoindex.conf  httpd-vhosts.conf  userdir.conf  welcome.conf
[root@localhost conf.d]#

###进入配置文件把一些无关紧要的东西删除
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###编辑目录
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[root@localhost conf.d]# httpd -t
AH00112: Warning: DocumentRoot [/var/www/dummy-host2.example.com] does not exist
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Syntax OK
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost conf.d]#

利用IP访问查看
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利用上面测试feiji安装包拉进去然后解压

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不同IP相同端口

[root@localhost conf.d]# ip addr add 192.168.181.158/24 dev ens33
[root@localhost conf.d]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:08:71:10 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.181.159/24 brd 192.168.181.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 1318sec preferred_lft 1318sec
    inet 192.168.181.158/24 scope global secondary ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe08:7110/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:40:02:68 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever


[root@localhost conf.d]# vim httpd-vhosts.conf
[root@localhost conf.d]# httpd -t
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Syntax OK
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost conf.d]#

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###相同IP相同端口不同域名

[root@localhost conf.d]# vim httpd-vhosts.conf
[root@localhost conf.d]# httpd -t
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Syntax OK
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost conf.d]#

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###相同IP相同端口不同域名

[root@localhost conf.d]# vim httpd-vhosts.conf
[root@localhost conf.d]# httpd -t
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Syntax OK
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost conf.d]#

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去电脑计算机修改system32/drivers/etc/hosts 把这个文件拖到桌面上利用记事本打开添加最后两行东西
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测试192.168.181.1/24网段无法访问tanke

[root@localhost conf.d]# vim httpd-vhosts.conf
[root@localhost conf.d]# httpd -t
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Syntax OK
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost conf.d]#

在这里插入图片描述

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##//创建网页目录并修改属主属组

[root@localhost conf.d]# cd /var/www/html
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@localhost html]# ls
feiji  index.html  tanke
[root@localhost html]# mkdir www blog
[root@localhost html]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  6 Jul 21 21:44 blog
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 56 Apr 17  2020 feiji
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  6 Jul 21 17:52 index.html
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 72 Sep 24  2015 tanke
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  6 Jul 21 21:44 www
[root@localhost html]# chown -R apache.apache blog
[root@localhost html]# chown -R apache.apache www
[root@localhost html]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 apache apache  6 Jul 21 21:44 blog
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root   root   56 Apr 17  2020 feiji
-rw-r--r--. 1 root   root    6 Jul 21 17:52 index.html
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root   root   72 Sep 24  2015 tanke
drwxr-xr-x. 2 apache apache  6 Jul 21 21:44 www

//创建网页

[root@localhost html]# pwd
/var/www/html
[root@localhost html]# ls
blog  feiji  index.html  tanke  www
[root@localhost html]# echo 'hello welcome to visit www' > www/index.html
[root@localhost html]# echo 'hello welcome to visit blog' > blog/index.html

//创建相应网页的日志目录

root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/log/httpd/{www,blog}
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/log/httpd/
total 52
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  7443 Jul 21 18:37 access_log
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root     6 Jul 21 21:46 blog
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     0 Jul 21 19:00 dummy-host2.example.com-access_log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     0 Jul 21 19:00 dummy-host2.example.com-error_log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 16293 Jul 21 21:33 error_log
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root     6 Jul 21 21:46 www
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  4176 Jul 21 20:00 www.feiji1.com-access_log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     0 Jul 21 19:15 www.feiji1.com-error_log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 13892 Jul 21 21:34 www.tanke1.com-access_log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1464 Jul 21 21:33 www.tanke1.com-error_log

//启动服务并查看是否有80端口

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State        Recv-Q       Send-Q             Local Address:Port             Peer Address:Port      Process      
LISTEN       0            128                      0.0.0.0:111                   0.0.0.0:*                      
LISTEN       0            32                 192.168.122.1:53                    0.0.0.0:*                      
LISTEN       0            128                      0.0.0.0:22                    0.0.0.0:*                      
LISTEN       0            5                      127.0.0.1:631                   0.0.0.0:*                      
LISTEN       0            128                         [::]:111                      [::]:*                      
LISTEN       0            128                            *:80                          *:*                      
LISTEN       0            128                         [::]:22                       [::]:*                      
LISTEN       0            5                          [::1]:631                      [::]:*

下载模块

[root@localhost httpd]# yum -y install mod_ssl
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
Last metadata expiration check: 2:40:03 ago on Thu Jul 21 19:13:21 2022.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================================================
 Package          Architecture    Version                                              Repository          Size
================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mod_ssl          x86_64          1:2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1           appstream          137 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 137 k
Installed size: 266 k
Downloading Packages:
mod_ssl-2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64.rpm                     258 kB/s | 137 kB     00:00    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                            65 kB/s | 137 kB     00:02     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                        1/1 
  Installing       : mod_ssl-1:2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                              1/1 
  Running scriptlet: mod_ssl-1:2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                              1/1 
  Verifying        : mod_ssl-1:2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                              1/1 

Installed:
  mod_ssl-1:2.4.37-47.module_el8.6.0+1111+ce6f4ceb.1.x86_64                                                     

Complete!

查看这个文件有没有这个模块内容如果有证明成功了

[root@localhost conf.modules.d]# vim 00-ssl.conf 


[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State        Recv-Q       Send-Q             Local Address:Port             Peer Address:Port      Process      
LISTEN       0            128                      0.0.0.0:111                   0.0.0.0:*                      
LISTEN       0            32                 192.168.122.1:53                    0.0.0.0:*                      
LISTEN       0            128                      0.0.0.0:22                    0.0.0.0:*                      
LISTEN       0            5                      127.0.0.1:631                   0.0.0.0:*                      
LISTEN       0            128                         [::]:111                      [::]:*                      
LISTEN       0            128                            *:80                          *:*                      
LISTEN       0            128                         [::]:22                       [::]:*                      
LISTEN       0            5                          [::1]:631                      [::]:*                      
LISTEN       0            128                            *:443                         *:*                      
[root@localhost ~]#

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CA生成一对密钥

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/pki/CA
[root@localhost CA]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048) 
genrsa: Can't open "private/cakey.pem" for writing, No such file or directory
[root@localhost CA]# mkdir private
[root@localhost CA]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048) 
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus (2 primes)
......................+++++
.......................................................................................................................................+++++
e is 65537 (0x010001)
[root@localhost CA]# cd private/
[root@localhost private]# ls
cakey.pem
[root@localhost private]#

CA生成自签署证书

[root@localhost CA]# openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 365
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:ch
State or Province Name (full name) []:hb     
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:wh
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:jxrt
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:peixun
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.feiji1.com
Email Address []:1@2.com
[root@localhost CA]# ls
cacert.pem  private
[root@localhost CA]# openssl x509 -text -in cacert.pem
Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 3 (0x2)
        Serial Number:
            37:bf:2a:05:17:2c:ff:2a:7d:2b:90:8e:c0:64:b8:ed:f8:42:2b:dd
        Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: C = ch, ST = hb, L = wh, O = jxrt, OU = peixun, CN = www.feiji1.com, emailAddress = 1@2.com
        Validity
            Not Before: Jul 21 14:14:06 2022 GMT
            Not After : Jul 21 14:14:06 2023 GMT
        Subject: C = ch, ST = hb, L = wh, O = jxrt, OU = peixun, CN = www.feiji1.com, emailAddress = 1@2.com
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
[root@localhost CA]# mkdir certs netwcerts crl
[root@localhost CA]# ls
cacert.pem  certs  crl  netwcerts  private
[root@localhost CA]# touch index.txt && echo 01 > serial
[root@localhost CA]#

客户端（例如httpd服务器）生成密钥

[root@localhost CA]# cd /etc/httpd && mkdir ssl && cd ssl
[root@localhost ssl]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out httpd.key 2048)
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus (2 primes)
...+++++
.............................................................................................................................+++++
e is 65537 (0x010001)
[root@localhost ssl]#

客户端生成证书签署请求

[root@localhost ssl]# openssl req -new -key httpd.key -days 365 -out httpd.csr
Ignoring -days; not generating a certificate
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:ch
State or Province Name (full name) []:hb
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:wh
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:jxrt
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:peixun
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.feiji1.com
Email Address []:1@2.com

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:

CA签署客户端提交上来的证书

[root@localhost ssl]# openssl ca -in httpd.csr -out httpd.crt -days 365
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
        Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
        Validity
            Not Before: Jul 21 14:56:00 2022 GMT
            Not After : Jul 21 14:56:00 2023 GMT
        Subject:
            countryName               = cn
            stateOrProvinceName       = hb
            organizationName          = runtime
            organizationalUnitName    = peixun
            commonName                = www.aaa.com
            emailAddress              = 1@2.com
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Comment: 
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
                32:26:37:52:CD:8E:05:A8:1F:63:EF:BC:CF:A7:20:7F:26:96:ED:38
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 
                keyid:A2:69:EE:9B:29:00:AD:EA:96:7B:BE:57:4E:3C:11:ED:01:D2:47:91

Certificate is to be certified until Jul 21 14:56:00 2023 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y


1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
[root@localhost ssl]# ls
httpd.crt  httpd.csr  httpd.key

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-UcWeTYMy-1659574259967)(./1658415572811.png)]

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