实验拓扑
实验要求
- R4为ISP,其上只配置IP地址;R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP;
- R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境R3为中心站点;
- 整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;
- 除了R12有两个环回,其他路由器均有一个环回IP4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
- 减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
- 全网可达;
实验思路及其步骤
划分IP
area 0-----172.16.32.0/19
loopback
172.16.32.0/24(R5)
172.16.33.0/24(R4)
172.16.34.0/24(R7)
172.16.35.0/24(R3)
172.16.36.0/24(R6)
MGRE
172.16.40.0/24
area 1-----172.16.0.0/19
172.16.0.0/24(link)
172.16.1.0/24(R1)
172.16.2.0/24(R2)
area 2-----172.16.64.0/19
172.16.64.0/24(R11)
172.16.65.0/30(link)
172.16.65.4/30(link)
area 3-----172.16.96.0/19
172.16.96.0/24(R8)
172.16.97.0/30(link)
172.16.97.4/30(link)
area 4-----172.16.128.0/19
172.16.128.0/24(R9)
172.16.129.0/24(R10)
172.16.130.0/30(link)
RIP-----172.16.160.0/19
172.16.160.0/24(R12)
172.16.161.0/24(R12)
公网互通
公网互通,配置静态缺省即可,由于R5与ISP直连,所以R5不配置
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.2
[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.2
OSPF环境搭建
area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.35.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.0.255
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.36.0 0.0.0.255
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.34.0 0.0.0.255
area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255
area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.0 0.0.31.255
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.0 0.0.31.255
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.6 0.0.0.0
area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.31.255
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.31.255
MGRE的搭建
中心
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.37.1 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
分部
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.37.2 24
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 3/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.40.3 24
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 3/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.40.4 24
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
以下命令R3、R5 、R6、 R7相同,R代指全部
[R-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.40.1 34.0.0.1 register
MGRE与OSPF
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.40.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.40.0 0.0.0.255
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.40.0 0.0.0.255
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.40.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
完成以上配置可使得全网通
配置NAT—EZIP
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.31.255
[R3-Serial3/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6-Serial3/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
聚合
区域间聚合
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.0.0 255.255.224.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
域外聚合
[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
防环策略
[R3]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 19 NULL 0
[R6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0
[R9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0
[R12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0
配置特殊区域
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
area1、area2、area3配置为特殊区域后默认下发缺省路由,但由于area4属于外区域,接收不到路由,所以需要在R9上下发默认缺省路由
[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
加快收敛
默认hello时间为10所以加快的话,需要比它小
area 1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
隧道—MGRE
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
安全认证
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher ensp
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher ensp
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher ensp
测试
使用ping命令测试