VRRP基础配置案列
VRRP简介:
VRRP(Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol,虚拟路由器冗余协议)是一种网络协议,用于在多个路由器之间提供高可用性和冗余。其主要目的是确保网络中某一虚拟路由器的可用性,即使其中一个主路由器发生故障,流量也能自动切换到备份路由器,减少网络中断的风险。
用于企业网络、数据中心和ISP等需要高可用性和可靠性的场景。
优点:
高可用性:通过冗余路由器的机制,提高了网络的可靠性。
无缝故障切换:路由器故障时,客户端几乎无感知地切换到新的主路由器。
简化配置:网络管理员只需配置一个虚拟IP,简化了网络设计和管理。
实验配置:
基础配置
R1:
<H3C>sys
System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.
[H3C]sysname R1
[R1]int LoopBack 1 //配置环回口,待会做测试
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 172.1.1.1 32
[R1]int g0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip add 10.1.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]int g0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 10.2.2.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]
SW1:
<H3C>sys
System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.
[H3C]sysname SW1
[SW1]vlan 10
[SW1-vlan10]int vlan 10
[SW1-Vlan-interface10]ip add 192.168.10.252 24
[SW1-Vlan-interface10]int g1/0/1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]port link-mode route
The configuration of the interface will be restored to the default. Continue? [Y/N]:y
[SW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]ip add 10.1.1.2 30
[SW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]int g1/0/2
[SW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]port trunk permit vlan all
[SW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]
SW2:
<H3C>sys
System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.
[H3C]sysname SW2
[SW2]vlan 10
[SW2-vlan10]int vlan10
[SW2-Vlan-interface10]ip add 192.168.10.253 24
[SW2-Vlan-interface10]int g1/0/1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]port link-mode route
The configuration of the interface will be restored to the default. Continue? [Y/N]:y
[SW2-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]ip add 10.2.2.2 30
[SW2-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]int g1/0/2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]port trunk permit vlan all
CORE:
<H3C>sys
System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.
[H3C]sysname CORE
[CORE]int g1/0/1
[CORE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]port link-type trunk
[CORE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]port trunk permit vlan all
[CORE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]int g1/0/2
[CORE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]port link-type trunk
[CORE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]port trunk permit vlan all
[CORE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]vlan 10
[CORE-vlan10]port GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
VRRP配置
SW1:
[SW1]int vlan 10 //进入VLAN 10接口配置模式
[SW1-Vlan-interface10]vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254 //配置VRRP虚拟IP地址
[SW1-Vlan-interface10]vrrp vrid 10 priority 120 //设置VRRP优先级为120,让它成为Master(主)默认为100
[SW1-Vlan-interface10]vrrp vrid 10 track 1 priority reduced 30 //配置跟踪接口1,优先级降低30
SW2:
[SW2]int vlan10 //进入VLAN 10接口配置模式
[SW2-Vlan-interface10]vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254 //配置VRRP虚拟IP地址
效果
SW1
SW2
提示
完成上述配置还需要写路由,建议用动态路由,比较方便
如下:
R1:
[R1]ospf
[R1-ospf-1]a 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.2.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
SW1:
[SW1]ospf
[SW1-ospf-1]a 0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
SW2:
[SW2]ospf
[SW2-ospf-1]a 0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
路由表如图:(红色框内为等价路由 )