android 蓝牙浅谈

1. 使用蓝牙的响应权限

 
1<STRONG>    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />  
2    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />  </STRONG>


2. 配置本机蓝牙模块

在这里首先要了解对蓝牙操作一个核心类BluetoothAdapter

01BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();  
02//直接打开系统的蓝牙设置面板  
03Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);  
04startActivityForResult(intent, 0x1);  
05//直接打开蓝牙  
06adapter.enable();  
07//关闭蓝牙  
08adapter.disable();  
09//打开本机的蓝牙发现功能(默认打开120秒,可以将时间最多延长至300秒)  
10discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);//设置持续时间(最多300秒)Intent discoveryIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);

3.搜索蓝牙设备

使用BluetoothAdapter的startDiscovery()方法来搜索蓝牙设备

startDiscovery()方法是一个异步方法,调用后会立即返回。该方法会进行对其他蓝牙设备的搜索,该过程会持续12秒。该方法调用后,搜索过程实际上是在一个System Service中进行的,所以可以调用cancelDiscovery()方法来停止搜索(该方法可以在未执行discovery请求时调用)。

请求Discovery后,系统开始搜索蓝牙设备,在这个过程中,系统会发送以下三个广播:

ACTION_DISCOVERY_START:开始搜索

ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED:搜索结束

ACTION_FOUND:找到设备,这个Intent中包含两个extra fields:EXTRA_DEVICE和EXTRA_CLASS,分别包含BluetooDevice和BluetoothClass。

我们可以自己注册相应的BroadcastReceiver来接收响应的广播,以便实现某些功能

 
01// 创建一个接收ACTION_FOUND广播的BroadcastReceiver  
02private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {  
03    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {  
04        String action = intent.getAction();  
05        // 发现设备  
06        if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {  
07            // 从Intent中获取设备对象  
08            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);  
09            // 将设备名称和地址放入array adapter,以便在ListView中显示  
10            mArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());  
11        }  
12    }  
13};  
14// 注册BroadcastReceiver  
15IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);  
16registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter); // 不要忘了之后解除绑定

4. 蓝牙Socket通信

如果打算建议两个蓝牙设备之间的连接,则必须实现服务器端与客户端的机制。当两个设备在同一个RFCOMM channel下分别拥有一个连接的BluetoothSocket,这两个设备才可以说是建立了连接。

服务器设备与客户端设备获取BluetoothSocket的途径是不同的。服务器设备是通过accepted一个incoming connection来获取的,而客户端设备则是通过打开一个到服务器的RFCOMM channel来获取的。

 

服务器端的实现

通过调用BluetoothAdapter的listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String, UUID)方法来获取BluetoothServerSocket(UUID用于客户端与服务器端之间的配对)

调用BluetoothServerSocket的accept()方法监听连接请求,如果收到请求,则返回一个BluetoothSocket实例(此方法为block方法,应置于新线程中)

如果不想在accept其他的连接,则调用BluetoothServerSocket的close()方法释放资源(调用该方法后,之前获得的BluetoothSocket实例并没有close。但由于RFCOMM一个时刻只允许在一条channel中有一个连接,则一般在accept一个连接后,便close掉BluetoothServerSocket

 
01private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
02    private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;
03  
04    public AcceptThread() {
05        // Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmServerSocket,
06        // because mmServerSocket is final
07        BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
08        try {
09            // MY_UUID is the app's UUID string, also used by the client code
10            tmp = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
11        } catch (IOException e) { }
12        mmServerSocket = tmp;
13    }
14  
15    public void run() {
16        BluetoothSocket socket = null;
17        // Keep listening until exception occurs or a socket is returned
18        while (true) {
19            try {
20                socket = mmServerSocket.accept();
21            } catch (IOException e) {
22                break;
23            }
24            // If a connection was accepted
25            if (socket != null) {
26                // Do work to manage the connection (in a separate thread)
27                manageConnectedSocket(socket);
28                mmServerSocket.close();
29                break;
30            }
31        }
32    }
33  
34    /** Will cancel the listening socket, and cause the thread to finish */
35    public void cancel() {
36        try {
37            mmServerSocket.close();
38        } catch (IOException e) { }
39    }
40}
客户端的实现

通过搜索得到服务器端的BluetoothService

调用BluetoothService的listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String, UUID)方法获取BluetoothSocket(该UUID应该同于服务器端的UUID)

调用BluetoothSocket的connect()方法(该方法为block方法),如果UUID同服务器端的UUID匹配,并且连接被服务器端accept,则connect()方法返回

注意:在调用connect()方法之前,应当确定当前没有搜索设备,否则连接会变得非常慢并且容易失败

 
01<STRONG>    private class ConnectThread extends Thread {  
02        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;  
03        private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;  
04        
05        public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {  
06            // Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmSocket,  
07            // because mmSocket is final  
08            BluetoothSocket tmp = null;  
09            mmDevice = device;  
10        
11            // Get a BluetoothSocket to connect with the given BluetoothDevice  
12            try {  
13                // MY_UUID is the app's UUID string, also used by the server code  
14                tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);  
15            } catch (IOException e) { }  
16            mmSocket = tmp;  
17        }  
18        
19        public void run() {  
20            // Cancel discovery because it will slow down the connection  
21            mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();  
22        
23            try {  
24                // Connect the device through the socket. This will block  
25                // until it succeeds or throws an exception  
26                mmSocket.connect();  
27            } catch (IOException connectException) {  
28                // Unable to connect; close the socket and get out  
29                try {  
30                    mmSocket.close();  
31                } catch (IOException closeException) { }  
32                return;  
33            }  
34        
35            // Do work to manage the connection (in a separate thread)  
36            manageConnectedSocket(mmSocket);  
37        }  
38        
39        /** Will cancel an in-progress connection, and close the socket */  
40        public void cancel() {  
41            try {  
42                mmSocket.close();  
43            } catch (IOException e) { }  
44        }  
45    }  </STRONG>
连接管理(数据通信)

分别通过BluetoothSocket的getInputStream()和getOutputStream()方法获取InputStream和OutputStream

使用read(bytes[])和write(bytes[])方法分别进行读写操作

注意:read(bytes[])方法会一直block,知道从流中读取到信息,而write(bytes[])方法并不是经常的block(比如在另一设备没有及时read或者中间缓冲区已满的情况下,write方法会block)

 
01<STRONG>    private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {  
02        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;  
03        private final InputStream mmInStream;  
04        private final OutputStream mmOutStream;  
05        
06        public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {  
07            mmSocket = socket;  
08            InputStream tmpIn = null;  
09            OutputStream tmpOut = null;  
10        
11            // Get the input and output streams, using temp objects because  
12            // member streams are final  
13            try {  
14                tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();  
15                tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();  
16            } catch (IOException e) { }  
17        
18            mmInStream = tmpIn;  
19            mmOutStream = tmpOut;  
20        }  
21        
22        public void run() {  
23            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];  // buffer store for the stream  
24            int bytes; // bytes returned from read()  
25        
26            // Keep listening to the InputStream until an exception occurs  
27            while (true) {  
28                try {  
29                    // Read from the InputStream  
30                    bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer);  
31                    // Send the obtained bytes to the UI Activity  
32                    mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_READ, bytes, -1, buffer)  
33                            .sendToTarget();  
34                } catch (IOException e) {  
35                    break;  
36                }  
37            }  
38        }  
39        
40        /* Call this from the main Activity to send data to the remote device */  
41        public void write(byte[] bytes) {  
42            try {  
43                mmOutStream.write(bytes);  
44            } catch (IOException e) { }  
45        }  
46        
47        /* Call this from the main Activity to shutdown the connection */  
48        public void cancel() {  
49            try {  
50                mmSocket.close();  
51            } catch (IOException e) { }  
52        }  
53    }  </STRONG>
  • 1
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值