STK 卫星覆盖分析笔记

Getting started with STK Coverage

Model the World!

The first thing you need to do is create a scenario. 首先要创建场景

What is Coverage?  何谓覆盖？

The STK Coverage module allows you to analyze the global or regional coverage provided by one or more assets (facilities, vehicles, sensors, etc.) while considering all access. Specific results are generated based on detailed access computations performed to user-defined grid points within an area of coverage. Using STK Coverage you can:

STK能提供全局或局部的覆盖分析，

• Define areas of interest     定义感兴趣区
• Define coverage assets (satellites, ground facilities, etc.)    定义assets.
• Define the time period of interest   定义感兴趣的时间区段
• Determine and report measures of coverage quality   决定并报告覆盖质量

STK Coverage provides the necessary tools, but you have some work to do too. Let’s get started.

 

Coverage Definition  覆盖的定义

You know what your region-of-interest is--the portion of the Earth’s surface that falls between 60 degree and -60 degrees latitude. You need to tell STK to use that area as your region-of-interest. Use a coverage definition object to define an analytical area that will limit itself to user defined boundaries. A coverage definition object is defined by:

感兴趣区域是维度在-60度到60度之间的地球表面。（60度以上的呢？） 你要告诉STK你的感兴趣区域。覆盖定义对象用以下条件来定义。

• Selecting the area(s) of interest   选择感兴趣区
• Identifying the assets that may provide coverage to those areas            确定ASSETS.
• Setting the time period over which coverage statistics are to be analyzed     时间周期

Once the coverage definition object is defined, access periods to the coverage area can be computed to determine the availability of an asset or set of assets that satisfy all geometric, lighting, temporal and other user-specified constraints within that area.  一旦覆盖定义对象被定义， 访问周期能被算出，从而决定了asset的满足在该区域内的几何、光线、空间及其它用户自定义约束的可得性。

Defining a Coverage Grid  定义覆盖网格

Coverage analyses are based on the accessibility of assets (objects that provide coverage) and geographical areas. For analysis purposes, the geographical areas of interest are further refined using regions and points defined by STK. Points have specific geographical locations and are used in the computation of asset availability. Regions are closed boundaries that contain points. Accessibility to a region is computed based on accessibility to the points within that region. The combination of the geographical area, the regions within that area, and the points within each region is called the coverage grid.

The default Grid Definition type is set to Latitude Bounds. This definition results in a coverage region that is a band circling the globe between your defined latitude boundaries.

 

 

Compute Coverage!   计算覆盖

You have a coverage definition (Stereo_Cov), which covers the surface of the Earth between 60 degrees and -60 degrees and you’ve assigned assets (the Earth observing payload on each satellite) that will provide access to that area-of-interest.

Now that the coverage definition object is defined and properly contained, access periods to the coverage area can be computed to determine the availability of an asset or set of assets that satisfy all geometric, lighting, temporal and other specified constraints. Let’s do that now.

1. Bring the 2D Graphics window to the front.
2. Right-click Stereo_Cov () in the Object Browser.
3. Expand the Coverage Definition item in the context menu.
4. Select Compute Accesses.

Coverage graphics display in the 2D Graphics window while coverage is being computed. When you compute coverage, all access calculations between the coverage assets (all three sensors) and the coverage area (Stereo_Cov) are computed. A Progress Bar will display in STK's Status Bar which displays the Coverage computational progress (%).  计算覆盖的进度条

For larger scale calculations, consider computing the accesses for coverage in parallel using multiprocessing. This can be done using multiple cores on a local machine, or taking advantage of cluster configurations, depending upon your machine configuration. For more information on machine configuration, installation of the Parallel Extension, licensing, and more, please see the STK Help system.

多核多进程的计算。在我们CSTK后续的开发过程中，可能会使用storm 等大数据流式计算的计数来代替。

If you select white as the color for the coverage definition, you will not see any computational progress.

 

Define the Quality of Coverage  定义覆盖质量

While the coverage definition defines the problem, the figure(s) of merit allows you to evaluate the quality of coverage provided by the selected set of assets (defined for the coverage definition object) over the coverage area and then provide a method for summarizing and viewing the resultant data.

To evaluate coverage quality, you will first need to set basic parameters that determine the way in which quality is computed. This involves choosing the method for evaluating the quality of coverage provided, setting measurement options, and identifying the criteria needed to achieve satisfactory coverage.  为了评估质量，你需要先设置基本的参数，用他们决定“质量”的计算方式。这涉及到选择评估的方法，设置测量的选项，确认标准

Measure Simple Coverage  简单覆盖

Simple Coverage measures whether or not a point is accessible by any of the assigned assets. An evaluation of the dynamic behavior of simple coverage computes a value of one (1) for points that are currently in an access period and zero (0) for points that are not. The static behavior of simple coverage computes a value of one (1) for grid points that have access to an asset at any point in the analysis time period and zero (0) for points that are not accessible.

Let’s evaluate the quality of coverage within your coverage region using a simple coverage type figure of merit (FOM).  用简单覆盖评估覆盖质量的例子

1. Bring the Insert STK Objects tool () to the front.

   Tip: If the Insert STK Objects window is not already up, open it using Insert - New...

2. Choose the Figure of Merit () as your object to be inserted and select Insert Default in the Method pane.

3. You may need to add the Figure or Merit object to the Insert STK Objects tool. To do this, click the Edit Preferences... button and select it from the New Object tool.

4. Click the Insert... button.
5. Select the Stereo_Cov Coverage Defintion () object in the Select Object Dialog.
6. Click OK.
7. Right-click on the Figure of Merit in the Object Browser and Rename the figure of merit Simple_Cov.

STK creates a Simple Coverage figure of merit by default. Since you will be evaluating simple coverage there is no need to change Simple Cov’s properties.

默认情况下， STK 用简单覆盖来评估覆盖的质量。

 

Static Coverage Graphics  静态覆盖图形

Graphics are used to represent the static and dynamic value of simple coverage. When displaying static graphics, grid points are highlighted if they are covered by at least one asset at any time during the analysis time period. The figure of merit display shows you where, during daylight hours, you have coverage by at least one asset during the coverage interval.图形被用来表达静态和动态简单覆盖的值。当现实静态图形时，如果网格点在分析的时间周期内的任何时候，被至少一个asset覆盖，那么就高亮显示。

 

Dynamic Coverage Graphics

Let’s look at coverage graphics in the 2D Graphics window. In the 2D Graphics window we can see the entire globe as a flat map, whereas in the 3D Graphics window, the sunlit portion of the globe may be hidden when accesses occur.  让我们看看2D图形窗口内的覆盖图形， 我们能看到平面地图上的完整地球，而在3D窗口中，当访问出现时，太阳照射部分被隐藏了。