避免重复的条件循环[perlmonks]

# 在perlmonks看到的，感觉很灵活，原文http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=922074
# 
# 解析格式如下的文件：
# alpha # this line appears only once in the whole file
# beta
# beta
# beta
# beta
# beta
# beta
# ...
# beta
# 
# 一般的循环如下：
# while ( <FILE> ) {
#     if ( /alpha/ ) {
#         ....
#     } else {
#         ....
#     }
# }
# 上面的代码每次都会判断是否为alpha，不管该文件有多少行。因为alpha在该文件中只会出现一次，有没有什么办法，使得程序在遇到alpha的以后循环就不在执行该分支？

#! /usr/bin/perl

my $f;

$f = sub {
    if (/alpha/) {
        do_alpha();
        $f = \&do_beta;
    } else {
        do_beta();
    }
};

while (<DATA>) {
    $f->();
}

sub do_alpha {
    print "do_alpha(): \$f = $f, \$_ = $_";
}
sub do_beta {
    print "do_beta():  \$f = $f, \$_ = $_";
}

__DATA__
beta
beta
beta
beta
alpha
beta
beta
beta
beta
beta
beta
beta
beta

Output:
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x796e88), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x796e88), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x796e88), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x796e88), $_ = beta
do_alpha(): $f = CODE(0x796e88), $_ = alpha
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x7c6ee8), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x7c6ee8), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x7c6ee8), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x7c6ee8), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x7c6ee8), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x7c6ee8), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x7c6ee8), $_ = beta
do_beta():  $f = CODE(0x7c6ee8), $_ = beta

#初始时，f检查是否遇到了alpha，一旦遇到了，就会将它自身替换为do_beta()。之后的每一行，都会调用do_beat()来处理。