本文介绍了MATLAB中的逻辑索引如何简化数据操作。通过逻辑数组作为矩阵下标，可以方便地筛选所需数据。举例说明了如何不使用for或while循环，实现将矩阵中的偶数和奇数元素分别提取到两个行向量中，以及创建一个新矩阵，其元素要么与原矩阵相同（可被整除），要么是原元素乘以给定的整数k。
As you know, vectorized programming has many advantage places. It's neat, effienct, sometimes it is very short and much easier than writing long tedious loops code. When manipulate matrix or data, it is heavily focused on index. The logical indexing in matlab made many operations easy. Using a single or logical array as matrix subscript can filter the data you want easily.
Below are two examples I encountered these days. Using logical index it is very easy.
1. Write a function called separate_by_two that takes a matrix A of positive integers as an input
and returns two row vectors. The first one contains all the even elements of A and noth
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