阿里云服务器:centos7.8 + nginx 1.21.5 + python 3.9 + php7.4
之前服务器使用的是Apache,现在想PHP 和Python 共存,又因为python 方面都是使用flask 框架,flask 中自带的服务器比较差,所以最后决定尝试使用nginx。
虽然是用nginx ,其实它的主要作用是代理的,运行flask 的核心是uwsgi,流程大概是这样:
uwsgi 其实也是一个服务器,我只是将它简化了这样显示,实际上不要nginx ,用户直接访问uwsgi 的端口也是可以的,只不过有了nginx,在负载均衡等其他方面会比较好!
PHP 也大概是这样,需要一个php-fpm的核心,通过对nginx的操作来执行工作
因为本机已经安装了python3.9了,所以不贴安装教程了,直接 贴重点
-------------------安装PHP74-------------------
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.0.tar.gz
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make cmake bison autoconf wget lrzsz libtool libtool-ltdl-devel freetype-devel libjpeg.x86_64 libjpeg-devel libpng-devel gd-devel python-devel patch sudo openssl* openssl openssl-devel ncurses-devel bzip* bzip2 unzip zlib-devel libevent* libxml* libxml2-devel libcurl* curl-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel libsodium-devel https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/o/oniguruma-5.9.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/o/oniguruma-devel-5.9.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
解压、安装、编译
tar -zxvf php-7.4.0.tar.gz
cd php-7.4.0
./configure --prefix=/opt/php74 --enable-fpm
make && make install
复制配置文件
cp /root/php-7.4.0/php.ini-production /opt/php/etc/php.ini
cp /opt/php74/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /opt/php74/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /opt/php74/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /oopt/php74/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
配置PHP 到profile 中
vim /etc/profile
export PYTHON_HOME=/opt/python3.9/bin
export PHP_HOME=/opt/php74/bin
export NGINX_HOME=/opt/nginx-1.21.5/sbin
export PATH=${PYTHON_HOME}:${PHP_HOME}:${NGINX_HOME}:$PATH
source /etc/profile
测试
php -v
安装在/opt/php74/ 里面,并将php命令写在系统环境中
-------------------安装nginx---------------------
https://nginx.org/en/download.html
查找要下载的版本
下载、解压、安装、编译
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.21.5.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.21.5.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.21.5
./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx-1.21.5
make && make install
配置nginx 到profile 中
vim /etc/profile
export PYTHON_HOME=/opt/python3.9/bin
export PHP_HOME=/opt/php74/bin
export NGINX_HOME=/opt/nginx-1.21.5/sbin
export PATH=${PYTHON_HOME}:${PHP_HOME}:${NGINX_HOME}:$PATH
source /etc/profile
测试
nginx -h
nginx
打开localhost,显示nginx首页
安装nginx,也讲nginx 命令写在系统环境中
-----------------nginx配置PHP------------------------
打开nginx 的配置文件
vim /opt/nginx-1.21.5/conf/nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/www;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
server {
listen 5000;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www;
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9090;
}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
PHP 文件放在/var/www/html 中,放入phpinfo.php,正常输出,还需要安装很多的扩展,以后有需要再开
-----------------nginx配置python------------------------
安装uwsgi
pip3 install uwsgi
在python项目根目录中新建uwsgi_config.ini,内容如下
[uwsgi]
# uwsgi 启动时所使用的地址与端口,也可以使用.sock文件的方式
socket = 127.0.0.1:9090
# 处理器数
processes = 4
# 线程数
threads = 2
#项目flask日志文件
logto = /var/www/html/hifeiji/log.log
#指向网站目录
chdir=/var/www/html/hifeiji
#python 程序内用以启动的application 变量名
callable=app
# python 启动程序文件
wsgi-file = wsgi.py
启动虚拟环境中的uwsgi
/var/www/html/hifeiji/venv/bin/uwsgi /var/www/html/hifeiji/uwsgi_config.ini -production
nginx -s reload
重启后浏览器输入 ip:5000 就可以显示
由nginx conf 的配置可以知道,php-fpm在安装后,需要使用端口,端口我用了9000,uwsgi服务器也是需要使用端口,这里设置了9090,然后在nginx中,nginx使用了80端口在代理了9000,使用了5000代理了9090
服务器重启后,需要重新启动 nginx ,php-fpm,pyhton
nginx:/opt/nginx-1.21.5/sbin/ (已经写入profile 中,启动命令是 nginx)
php-fpm :/opt/php74/sbin/