union

1、union是为了让【不同的数据项】存放到【同一段内存】空间中。
2、union数据结构中的多个成员共用一段内存空间，空间大小由最大的成员决定。
3、union使用的范例如下：

  1、 union test
    {
        unsigned int a;
        unsigned short b;
        unsigned char c;
    }union_data;

   printf("size: %d\n",sizeof(union_data));
   union_data.a = 0x11223344;        //内存中  44   33  22 11
   union_data.b = 0x5566;            //内存中 (66) (55) 22 11
   union_data.c = 0x88;              //内存中 (88)  55  22 11
   printf("%x   %x   %x\n",union_data.a,union_data.b,union_data.c);

2、struct TypeData
{ 
   int type;  //用来区分union test1中使用哪个结构体
   union test1
   {
       struct data1{
           unsigned char  a;
           unsigned char  b;
           unsigned int   c;
       }d1;
       struct data2{
           unsigned char  a;
           unsigned char  b;
       }d2;
       struct data3{
           unsigned int   c;
       }d3;
   }union_data1;

}* p_struct_data1;

void ShowValue(struct TypeData* data)
{
    switch(data->type)
    {
        case 0x01:
            printf("%x %x %x\n",data->union_data1.d1.a,data->union_data1.d1.b,data->union_data1.d1.c);
            break;
        case 0x02:
            printf("%x %x\n",data->union_data1.d2.a,data->union_data1.d2.b);
            break;
        case 0x03:
            printf("%x\n",data->union_data1.d3.c);
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
}
   struct TypeData*  p_struct_data1;
   printf("size: %d\n",sizeof(*p_struct_data1)); //12

   unsigned  int data01[3] = {0x01,0x44332211,0x88776655};
   unsigned  int data02[3] = {0x02,0x44332211,0x88776655};
   unsigned  int data03[3] = {0x03,0x44332211,0x88776655};

   p_struct_data1 = (struct TypeData *)&data01;
   ShowValue(p_struct_data1);
   printf("--------------------------------\n");

   p_struct_data1 = (struct TypeData *)&data02;
   ShowValue(p_struct_data1);
   printf("--------------------------------\n");

   p_struct_data1 = (struct TypeData *)&data03;
   ShowValue(p_struct_data1);
   printf("--------------------------------\n");