邮件验证码实现

注册时邮箱的实现概念

我们在注册账号或者使用忘记密码时可以通过邮箱找回

原理如下：
我们使用maven中的webapp项目：
第一步导入依赖
xml文件：

<dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  <version>4.12</version>

</dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.1</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.3</version>
  </dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp.jstl/jstl-api -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
  <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
  <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/taglibs/standard -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
  <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  <version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
  <version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
  <version>1.4</version>
</dependency>


<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
  <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
  <version>1.4.7</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.activation/activation -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
  <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  <version>1.18.12</version>
</dependency>

这里并不是所有的以来都在这里使用，比如Lombok，以后项目中可能会使用到，先导入
写一个servlet调用发送邮件的方法：

package com.wen.servlet;

import com.wen.pojo.User;
import com.wen.serveres.UptMail;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class InMailServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        String mail = req.getParameter("mail");
        User user = new User(username,password,mail);
      //用户注册成功之后，给用户发送一封邮件
       //我们使用线程来专门发送邮件，防止出现耗时，和网站注册人数过多的情况;
        UptMail send = new UptMail(user);
        //启动线程，线程启动之后就会执行run方法来发送邮件
        send.start();
        //注册用户
        req.setAttribute( "message","注册成功，我们已经发了一封带了注册信息的电子郎件，请查收!如网络不稳定，可能过会儿才能收到!!");
        req.getRequestDispatcher( "/info.jsp" ).forward(req,resp);
    }
}

根据网站3秒钟理论,如果一个网站超过3秒钟不响应，你就想关掉它，这里也是一样的，所以我们需要一个多线程的方式来调用，放在网络拥堵或者其他情况导致的响应慢。先给你一个响应，发送成功后跳转到指定的页面。
send方法：

package com.wen.serveres;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import com.wen.pojo.User;

import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;

public class UptMail extends Thread{
    private String from = "1823737592@qq.com";
    private String username = "1823737592@qq.com";
    private String password = "twzovrvutxuifddf";
    private String host = "smtp.qq.com";
    private User user;
    public UptMail (User user){
        this.user = user;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Properties prop = new Properties();
            prop.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com");//设置QQ邮件服务器
            prop.setProperty( "mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");//邮件发送协议
            prop.setProperty( "mail.smtp.auth", "true");//需要验证用户名密码
            //关于QQ邮箱，还要设置SSL加密，加上以下代码即可
            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
            prop.put( "mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true" );
            prop.put( "mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);
            //使用JavaMail发送邮件的5个步骤
            //创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop,new Authenticator() {
                public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                    //发件人邮件用户名、授权码
                    return new PasswordAuthentication(username,password);
                }
            });
            //开启Session的debug模式，这样就可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
            session.setDebug(true);
            //2、通过session得到transport对象
            Transport ts = session.getTransport();
            ts.connect( host, username,password);

            //4、创建邮件

            //创建邮件对象
            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
            //指明邮件的发件人
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from ));
            //指明邮件的收件人，如果发件人和收件人是一样的，那就是自己给自己发
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress(user.getMail()));
            //邮件的标题
            message.setSubject("用户注册邮件");//邮件主题
            String info = "恭喜你，注册成功:用户名为" + user.getName() + "密码为" + user.getPassword();
            message.setContent(info,"text/html;charset=UTF-8");//把最后编辑好的邮件放入到消息当中
            message.saveChanges();//保存修改
            //5、发送邮件
            ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());

            //关闭连接
            ts.close();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

这里的from是发送者的邮箱，接收的邮箱是从前端获取的参数，也就是实体类user的一个mail属性
user实体类

package com.wen.pojo;


import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private String name;
    private String password;
    private String mail;
}