CentOS中Python pip包管理工具的安装和使用

1.pip工具的下载安装
pip下载命令为：

# cd  /usr/local/src             --路径可以根据情况修改
# wget "https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.5.4.tar.gz#md5=834b2904f92d46aaa333267fb1c922bb" --no-check-certificate

pip 安装命令为：

# tar -xzvf pip-1.5.4.tar.gz
# cd pip-1.5.4
# python setup.py install

2.pip工具使用方法

pip安装一个包
# pip install SomePackage
  [...]
  Successfully installed SomePackage
pip列出已经安装的包
# pip list
pip查看已经安装的包
# pip show --files SomePackage
  Name: SomePackage
  Version: 1.0
  Location: /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages
  Files:
   ../somepackage/__init__.py
   [...]
pip检查哪些包需要更新
# pip list --outdated
  SomePackage (Current: 1.0 Latest: 2.0)

pip升级包
 # pip install --upgrade SomePackage
  [...]
  Found existing installation: SomePackage 1.0
  Uninstalling SomePackage:
    Successfully uninstalled SomePackage
  Running setup.py install for SomePackage
  Successfully installed SomePackage
pip卸载包
$ pip uninstall SomePackage
  Uninstalling SomePackage:
    /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages/somepackage
  Proceed (y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled SomePackage

3.pip命令参数解释

# pip --help
Usage:   
  pip <command> [options]
Commands:
  install                     安装包.
  uninstall                   卸载包.
  freeze                      按着一定格式输出已安装包列表
  list                        列出已安装包.
  show                        显示包详细信息.
  search                      搜索包，类似yum里的search.
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
  zip                         不推荐. Zip individual packages.
  unzip                       不推荐. Unzip individual packages.
  bundle                      不推荐. Create pybundles.
  help                        当前帮助.
General Options:
  -h, --help                  显示帮助.
  -v, --verbose               更多的输出，最多可以使用3次
  -V, --version               现实版本信息然后退出.
  -q, --quiet                 最少的输出.
  --log-file <path>           覆盖的方式记录verbose错误日志，默认文件：/root/.pip/pip.log
  --log <path>                不覆盖记录verbose输出的日志.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
  --timeout <sec>             连接超时时间 (默认15秒).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup.
  --cert <path>               证书.

4.pip管理包实际执行过程：

#使用pip 安装Python操作Excel的模块 XlsxWriter 
# pip install XlsxWriter
Downloading/unpacking XlsxWriter
  Downloading XlsxWriter-0.7.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (132kB): 132kB downloaded
Installing collected packages: XlsxWriter
Successfully installed XlsxWriter
Cleaning up...
[root@centos01 pip-1.5.4]# 
[root@centos01 pip-1.5.4]# pip list
Beaker (1.3.1)
cas (0.15)
decorator (3.0.1)
distribute (0.6.10)
ethtool (0.6)
firstboot (1.110)
FormEncode (1.3.0)
freeipa (2.0.0.alpha.0)
iniparse (0.3.1)
iotop (0.3.2)
ipapython (3.0.0)
iwlib (1.0)
kerberos (1.0)
lxml (2.2.3)
Mako (0.3.4)
MarkupSafe (0.9.2)
matplotlib (0.99.1.1)
netaddr (0.7.5)
nose (0.10.4)
numpy (1.4.1)
ordereddict (1.2)
paramiko (1.7.5)
pip (1.5.4)
psutil (2.0.0)
pycrypto (2.0.1)
pycurl (7.19.0)
PyDispatcher (2.0.5)
pygpgme (0.1)
pyOpenSSL (0.10)
python-dateutil (1.4.1)
python-default-encoding (0.1)
python-ldap (2.3