Rocky Linux 9.5 基于kubeadm部署k8s

wjy6_

已于 2025-05-16 19:53:34 修改

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文章标签： linux kubernetes 运维

于 2025-05-14 10:48:53 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wjy6_/article/details/147949038

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一：部署说明

操作系统	https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/9.5/isos/x86_64/Rocky-9.5-x86_64-minimal.iso

主机名	IP地址	配置
k8s- master	192.168.1.141	2颗CPU 4G内存 100G硬盘
k8s- node-1	192.168.1.142	2颗CPU 4G内存 100G硬盘
k8s- node-2	192.168.1.143	2颗CPU 4G内存 100G硬盘

二：主机准备（同时操作）

1.yum源搭建

替换默认源

sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' \
    -e 's|^#baseurl=http://dl.rockylinux.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux|g' \
    -i.bak \
    /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky*.repo

dnf config-manager --set-enabled crb
dnf install epel-release

备份

cp /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo  /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo.backup 
cp /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo  /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo.backup
cp /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-cisco-openh264.repo  /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-cisco-openh264.repo.backup

将 repo 配置中的地址替换为阿里云镜像站地址

执行下面语句，它会替换epel.repo、eple-testing.repo中的网址，不会修改epel-cisco-openh264.repo，可以正常使用。

sed -e 's!^metalink=!#metalink=!g' \
    -e 's!^#baseurl=!baseurl=!g' \
    -e 's!https\?://download\.fedoraproject\.org/pub/epel!https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel!g' \
    -e 's!https\?://download\.example/pub/epel!https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel!g' \
    -i /etc/yum.repos.d/epel{,-testing}.repo

dnf clean all

dnf makecache

2.配置主机名

[root@localhost ~]#hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master01
[root@localhost ~]#hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node01
[root@localhost ~]#hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node02

3.配置hosts解析

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.1.141 k8s-master01
192.168.1.142 k8s-node01
192.168.1.143 k8s-node02

配置远程登录（只在master上操作）

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# ssh-keygen -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -N '' -q

点拷贝秘钥到其他 2 台节点

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# ssh-copy-id k8s-node01
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# ssh-copy-id k8s-node02

4.防火墙和selinux

systemctl disable --now firewalld
sed -i '/^SELINUX=/ c SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0

5.时间同步配置

# dnf install -y chrony
# 修改同步服务器
sed -i '/^pool/ c pool ntp1.aliyun.com  iburst' /etc/chrony.conf
systemctl restart chronyd
systemctl enable chronyd

# chronyc sources
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample               
===============================================================================
^* 118.31.3.89                   2   6    17     9   +477us[+3551us] +/-   23ms

6.配置内核转发及网桥过滤

添加网桥过滤及内核转发配置文件
# cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
vm.swappiness = 0
EOF

加载br_netfilter模块
# modprobe br_netfilter

查看是否加载
# lsmod | grep br_netfilter
br_netfilter           36864  0
bridge                417792  1 br_netfilter

使用新添加配置文件生效
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

7.关闭swap

临时关闭

# swapoff -a
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# free -m
               total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:            3626         477        3031           8         343        3148
Swap:              0           0           0

8.启用ipvs

cat >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf << EOF
br_netfilter
ip_conntrack
ip_vs
ip_vs_lc
ip_vs_wlc
ip_vs_rr
ip_vs_wrr
ip_vs_lblc
ip_vs_lblcr
ip_vs_dh
ip_vs_sh
ip_vs_fo
ip_vs_nq
ip_vs_sed
ip_vs_ftp
ip_vs_sh
nf_conntrack
ip_tables
ip_set
xt_set
ipt_set
ipt_rpfilter
ipt_REJECT
ipip
EOF

dnf install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y

9.句柄数最大

ulimit -SHn 65535
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
* soft nofile 655360
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 655350
* hard nproc 655350
* seft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimitedd
EOF
查看修改结果
ulimit -a

10.系统优化

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s_better.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
vm.swappiness=0
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_instances=8192
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=1048576
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
EOF

modprobe br_netfilter
lsmod |grep conntrack
modprobe ip_conntrack
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s_better.conf

三：容器运行时工具安装及运行

1.安装docker

# Step 1: 安装依赖
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

# Step 2: 添加软件源信息
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/rhel/docker-ce.repo

# Step 3: 更新并安装Docker-CE
yum makecache fast
yum -y install docker-ce


# 设置国内镜像加速
mkdir -p /etc/docker/
cat  >> /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
   "registry-mirrors":["https://p3kgr6db.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
   "https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
   "https://your_id.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
   "https://docker.nju.edu.cn/",
    "https://docker.anyhub.us.kg",
    "https://dockerhub.jobcher.com",
    "https://dockerhub.icu",
    "https://docker.ckyl.me",
     "https://cr.console.aliyun.com"
   ],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
EOF


设置docker开机启动并启动
# systemctl enable --now docker


查看docker版本
# docker version

2.安装cri-dockerd

wget -c https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd/releases/download/v0.3.16/cri-dockerd-0.3.16-3.fc35.x86_64.rpm
wget -c https://rpmfind.net/linux/almalinux/8.10/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/libcgroup-0.41-19.el8.x86_64.rpm
yum install libcgroup-0.41-19.el8.x86_64.rpm
yum install cri-dockerd-0.3.16-3.fc35.x86_64.rpm

3.启动cri-docker服务

systemctl enable cri-docker

4.cri-docker设置国内镜像加速

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/cri-docker.service
------------------
修改第10行内容
ExecStart=/usr/bin/cri-dockerd  --pod-infra-container-image=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.9  --container-runtime-endpoint  fd://
-----------------------------------

# 重启Docker组件
$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart docker cri-docker.socket cri-docker 
# 检查Docker组件状态
$ systemctl status docker cir-docker.socket cri-docker

四：k8s软件安装

1.配置k8s源

#添加阿里云YUM软件源
cat <<EOF | tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes-new/core/stable/v1.32/rpm/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes-new/core/stable/v1.32/rpm/repodata/repomd.xml.key
EOF

2.安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl、kubernetes-cni

yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl kubernetes-cni

3.配置cgroup

为了实现docker使用的cgroupdriver与kubelet使用的cgroup的一致性，建议修改如下文件内容。

vim /etc/sysconfig/kubelet  [3台全部设置下]


添加
KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=systemd"

设置kubelet为开机自启动即可，由于没有生成配置文件，集群初始化后自动启动

systemctl enable kubelet

五：k8s集群初始化

在master上修改

[root@k8s-master01 ~]#kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm-init.yaml

[root@k8s-master01 ~]#vi kubeadm-init.yaml
- advertiseAddress：为控制平面地址，（ Master 主机 IP ）
	advertiseAddress: 1.2.3.4
修改为 advertiseAddress: 172.16.90.11
- criSocket：为 containerd 的 socket 文件地址
	criSocket: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
修改为 criSocket: unix:///var/run/
- name: node 修改node为 k8s-master01
	name: node
修改为 name: k8s-master01

- imageRepository：阿里云镜像代理地址，否则拉取镜像会失败
	imageRepository: registry.k8s.io
修改为：imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
- kubernetesVersion：为 k8s 版本
	kubernetesVersion: 1.32.0
修改为：kubernetesVersion: 1.32.2
注意：一定要配置镜像代理，否则会由于防火墙问题导致集群安装失败
文件末尾增加启用ipvs功能
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs

根据配置文件启动kubeadm初始化k8s

kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-init.yaml --upload-certs --v=6