Dijkstra.h
#pragma once //保证头文件只被编译一次
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
//使用Dijkstra算法实现求解最短路径问题:采用邻接矩阵来存储图;
//记录起点到每个顶点的最短路径的信息
struct Dis
{
string path;
int value;
bool visit;
Dis()
{
visit = false;
value = 0;
path = "";
}
};
class Graph_DG {
private:
int vexnum; //图的顶点个数
int edge; //图的边数
int** arc; //邻接矩阵
Dis* dis; //记录各个顶点最短路径的信息
public:
Graph_DG(int vexnum, int edge); //构造函数
~Graph_DG(); //析构函数
bool check_edge_value(int start, int end, int weight); //判断输入的边的信息是否合法,顶点从1开始编号
void createGraph(); //创建图
void print(); //打印邻接矩阵
void Dijkstra(int begin); //求最短路径
void print_path(int); //打印最短路径
};
Dijkstra.cpp
#include"Dijkstra.h"
//构造函数
Graph_DG::Graph_DG(int vexnum, int edge) {
//初始化顶点数和边数
this->vexnum = vexnum;
this->edge = edge;
//为邻接矩阵开辟空间和赋初值
arc = new int* [this->vexnum];
dis = new Dis[this->vexnum];
for (int i = 0; i < this->vexnum; i++) {
arc[i] = new int[this->vexnum];
for (int k = 0; k < this->vexnum; k++) {
//邻接矩阵初始化为无穷大
arc[i][k] = INT_MAX;
}
}
}
//析构函数
Graph_DG::~Graph_DG() {
delete[] dis;
for (int i = 0; i < this->vexnum; i++) {
delete this->arc[i];
}
delete arc;
}
// 判断我们每次输入的的边的信息是否合法
//顶点从1开始编号
bool Graph_DG::check_edge_value(int start, int end, int weight) {
if (start<1 || end<1 || start>vexnum || end>vexnum || weight < 0) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
void Graph_DG::createGraph() {
cout << "请输入每条边的起点和终点(顶点编号从1开始)以及其权重" << endl;
int start;
int end;
int weight;
int count = 0;
while (count != this->edge) {
cin >> start >> end >> weight;
//首先判断边的信息是否合法
while (!this->check_edge_value(start, end, weight)) {
cout << "输入的边的信息不合法,请重新输入" << endl;
cin >> start >> end >> weight;
}
//对邻接矩阵对应上的点赋值
arc[start - 1][end - 1] = weight;
//无向图添加上这行代码
//arc[end - 1][start - 1] = weight;
++count;
}
}
void Graph_DG::print() {
cout << "图的邻接矩阵为:" << endl;
int count_row = 0; //打印行的标签
int count_col = 0; //打印列的标签
//开始打印
while (count_row != this->vexnum) {
count_col = 0;
while (count_col != this->vexnum) {
if (arc[count_row][count_col] == INT_MAX)
cout << "∞" << " ";
else
cout << arc[count_row][count_col] << " ";
++count_col;
}
cout << endl;
++count_row;
}
}
void Graph_DG::Dijkstra(int begin) {
//首先初始化dis数组
int i;
for (i = 0; i < this->vexnum; i++) {
//设置当前的路径
dis[i].path = "v" + to_string(begin) + "-->v" + to_string(i + 1);
dis[i].value = arc[begin - 1][i];
}
//设置起点的到起点的路径为0
dis[begin - 1].value = 0;
dis[begin - 1].visit = true;
int count = 1;
//计算剩余的顶点的最短路径(剩余this->vexnum-1个顶点)
while (count != this->vexnum) {
//temp用于保存当前dis数组中最小的那个下标
//min记录的当前的最小值
int temp = 0;
int min = INT_MAX;
for (i = 0; i < this->vexnum; i++) {
if (!dis[i].visit && dis[i].value < min) {
min = dis[i].value;
temp = i;
}
}
//cout << temp + 1 << " "<<min << endl;
//把temp对应的顶点加入到已经找到的最短路径的集合中
dis[temp].visit = true;
++count;
for (i = 0; i < this->vexnum; i++) {
//注意这里的条件arc[temp][i]!=INT_MAX必须加,不然会出现溢出,从而造成程序异常
if (!dis[i].visit && arc[temp][i] != INT_MAX && (dis[temp].value + arc[temp][i]) < dis[i].value) {
//如果新得到的边可以影响其他为访问的顶点,那就就更新它的最短路径和长度
dis[i].value = dis[temp].value + arc[temp][i];
dis[i].path = dis[temp].path + "-->v" + to_string(i + 1);
}
}
}
}
void Graph_DG::print_path(int begin) {
string str;
str = "v" + to_string(begin);
cout << "以" << str << "为起点的图的最短路径为:" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i != this->vexnum; i++) {
if (dis[i].value != INT_MAX)
cout << dis[i].path << "=" << dis[i].value << endl;
else {
cout << dis[i].path << "是无最短路径的" << endl;
}
}
}
main.cpp
#include"Dijkstra.h"
//检验输入边数和顶点数的值是否有效,可以自己推算为啥:
//顶点数和边数的关系是:((Vexnum*(Vexnum - 1)) / 2) < edge
bool check(int Vexnum, int edge)
{
if (Vexnum <= 0 || edge <= 0 || ((Vexnum * (Vexnum - 1)) / 2) < edge)
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
int main()
{
int vexnum; int edge;
cout << "输入图的顶点个数和边的条数:" << endl;
cin >> vexnum >> edge;
while (!check(vexnum, edge))
{
cout << "输入的数值不合法,请重新输入:" << endl;
cin >> vexnum >> edge;
}
Graph_DG graph(vexnum, edge);
graph.createGraph();
graph.print();
graph.Dijkstra(1);
graph.print_path(1);
system("pause");
return 0;
}