小小通讯录

如何用C语言完成一个简单的通讯录项目?

First
我们首先得了解一个通讯录有哪些功能？如何用代码实现这些功能？
1.通讯录的目录。
2.联系人的添加。
3.练习人的删除。
4.通讯录的修改。
5.保存通讯录到文件。
6.读取通讯录信息。
7.联系人的查找。
通讯录的大小和基本信息

typedef struct AddressInfo//通讯录的基本信息
{
	char _name[24];
	char _tel[24];
	int  _age;
	enum SEX  _sex;
}AddressInfo;

#define MAX_SIZE  100

typedef struct AddressBook
{
	AddressInfo* _AIArray;
	size_t _size;     // 有效数据个数
	size_t _capacity; // 容量
}AddressBook;

通讯录的目录：

int main()
{
	AddressBook addressbook;
	AddressBookInit(&addressbook); 
	AddressInfo info1 = { "张三", "110", 18, Man };
	AddressBookAdd(&addressbook, &info1);

	AddressInfo info2 = { "小王", "111", 19, Man };
	AddressBookAdd(&addressbook, &info2);

	AddressInfo info3 = { "小李", "111", 19, Man };
	AddressBookAdd(&addressbook, &info3);
	//AddressBookLoad(&addressbook, "addressfile.bin");
	AddressBookSave(&addressbook, "addressfile.txt");
	printf("==============================\n");
	int option = 0;
	
	do{
		printf("1.添加通讯录信息，2.查找通讯录信息\n");
		printf("3.删除通讯录信息，4.修改通讯录信息\n");
		printf("5.保存通讯录到文件，6.读取通讯录信息\n");
		printf("7.打印通讯录信息，-1.退出\n");
		scanf("%d", &option);
		if (option == 1)
		{
			printf("请依次输入姓名,电话,年龄,性别：\n");
			AddressInfo info;
			scanf("%s",info._name);
			scanf("%s", info._tel);
			scanf("%d", &info._age);
			char sex[10];
			scanf("%s", &sex);
			if (strcmp(sex, "男"))
			info._sex == 0;
			else
				info. _sex == 1;
			AddressBookAdd(&addressbook, &info);
		}
		else if (option == 2)
		{
			char name[20];
			printf("请输入查找联系人的姓名：\n");
			scanf("%s", name);
			AddressInfo *ret = AddressBookFind(&addressbook, name);
			if (ret == NULL)
			{
				printf("查无此人\n");
			}
			else
			{
				printf("姓名：%s", ret->_name);
				printf("电话：%s", ret->_tel);
				printf("年龄：%d", ret->_age);
				printf("性别：%d", ret->_sex);
			}
		}
		else if (option == 3)
		{
			char name[20];
			printf("请输入要删除的联系人的姓名：\n");
			scanf("%s", name);
			AddressBookDel(&addressbook, name);

		}
		else if (option == 4)
		{
			char name[20];
			printf("请输入修改联系人的信息：\n");
			scanf("%s", name);
			AddressInfo *ret = AddressBookFind(&addressbook, name);
			if (ret == NULL)
			{
				printf("查无此人");
			}
			else
			{
				printf("请输入修改联系人的电话:\n");
				scanf("%s", ret->_tel);
				
			}
		}
		else if (option == 5)
		{
			AddressBookSave(&addressbook, "addressfile.bin");
		}
		else if (option == 6)
		{
			addressbook._size = 0;
			AddressBookLoad(&addressbook, "addressfile.bin");
		}
		else if (option == 7)
		{
			AddressBookPrint(&addressbook);
		}


	} while (option >= 0);
	printf("==============================");
	return 0;
}

各个功能的实现：

void AddressBookInit(AddressBook* pbook)
{
	assert(pbook);
	pbook->_size = 0;
	pbook->_capacity = 2;
	pbook->_AIArray = (AddressInfo*)malloc(sizeof(AddressInfo)* 2);
	assert(pbook->_AIArray);
}
void AddressBookDestoty(AddressBook *pbook)//空间的释放
{
	assert(pbook);
	free(pbook);
	pbook->_AIArray = NULL;
	pbook->_size = pbook->_capacity = 0;
}

void AddressBookAdd(AddressBook* pbook, AddressInfo* pinfo)
{
	assert(pbook);

	if (pbook->_size == pbook->_capacity)
	{
		// 空间满了，进行扩容
		pbook->_AIArray = realloc(pbook->_AIArray, pbook->_capacity * 2 * sizeof(AddressInfo));//扩容二倍
		pbook->_capacity *= 2;
	}

	strcpy(pbook->_AIArray[pbook->_size]._name, pinfo->_name);
	strcpy(pbook->_AIArray[pbook->_size]._tel, pinfo->_tel);
	pbook->_AIArray[pbook->_size]._age = pinfo->_age;
	pbook->_AIArray[pbook->_size]._sex = pinfo->_sex;
	pbook->_size++;
}

void AddressBookSave(AddressBook* pbook, const char* filename)
{
	assert(pbook);
	FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "w");//文件的写入
	for (size_t i = 0; i < pbook->_size; ++i)
	{
		fputs(pbook->_AIArray[i]._name, fp);
		fputc('\n', fp);
		char telstr[20];
		itoa(pbook->_AIArray[i]._tel, telstr,10);
		fputs(pbook->_AIArray[i]._tel, fp);
		fputc('\n', fp);
	}
	AddressInfo end;
	end._age = -1;
	fwrite(&end, sizeof(AddressInfo), 1, fp);
}

void AddressBookLoad(AddressBook* pbook, const char* filename)
{
	assert(pbook);
	FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "r");//文件的读入
	AddressInfo info;

	while (1)
	{
		info._name[0] = '\0';
		info._tel[0] = '\0';
		info._age = 0;
		fscanf("%s%s%d",info._name,info._tel,info._age);
		if (info._age == -1)
		{
			break;
		}
		else
		{
			AddressBookAdd(pbook, &info);
		}
	}
}

void AddressBookDel(AddressBook* pbook, const char* name)
{
	for (size_t i = 0; i < pbook->_size; ++i)
	{
		if (strcmp(pbook->_AIArray[i]._name, name) == 0)
		{
			while (i < pbook->_size - 1)
			{
				strcpy(pbook->_AIArray[i]._name, pbook->_AIArray[i + 1]._name);//把后一个信息拷贝到目标对象中去，进行覆盖。
				strcpy(pbook->_AIArray[i]._tel, pbook->_AIArray[i + 1]._tel);
				pbook->_AIArray[i]._age = pbook->_AIArray[i + 1]._age;
				pbook->_AIArray[i]._sex = pbook->_AIArray[i + 1]._sex;
				++i;
			}
			pbook->_size--;
			break;
		}
	}
}

AddressInfo* AddressBookFind(AddressBook* pbook, const char* name)
{
	assert(pbook);
	for (size_t i = 0; i < pbook->_size; ++i)
	{
		if (strcmp(pbook->_AIArray[i]._name , name)==0)//使用库函数进行比较
		{
			return &pbook->_AIArray[i];
		}
	}
	return NULL;
}

void AddressBookPrint(AddressBook* pbook)
{
	assert(pbook);

	for (size_t i = 0; i < pbook->_size; ++i)
	{
		//printf("======================================\n");
		printf("name:%s\n", pbook->_AIArray[i]._name);
		printf("tel:%s\n", pbook->_AIArray[i]._tel);
		printf("age:%d\n", pbook->_AIArray[i]._age);
		printf("sex:%d\n", pbook->_AIArray[i]._sex);
		printf("======================================\n");
		printf("\n");

	}
}

实现效果：