功能介绍：使用浏览器作为客户端访问web服务器
epoll开发流程：
1 创建socket
2 设置端口复用
3 绑定
4 监听
5 创建epoll树
6 将监听文件描述符上epoll树
7
while(1)
{
nready = epoll_wait();
if(nready<0)
{
}
for(i=0; i<nready; i++)
{
//若是有新的客户端连接到来,则接受新的客户端连接, 然后上epoll树
if(lfd==events[i].data.fd)
{
cfd = accept();
epoll_ctl(epfd, cfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, &ev);
}
else
{
http_request(cfd);
}
}
}
//处理客户端的请求
int http_request(int cfd)
{
//读取数据
//先读取一行, 可以获得浏览器想请求的文件
//然后循环将剩余的数据读完
//查看本地是否有这个文件
---若没有这个文件, 则组织应答信息并且将404.jpg文件内容发送给浏览器
---若有个这个文件, 则判断文件类型
----若是普通文件, 则组织应答消息并且将文件内容发送给浏览器
----若是目录, 则组织应答消息, 响应正文部分将目录下的所有文件组织
成文件列表的形式生成html文件(每个文件都是一个超连接), 然后发送给浏览器
}read函数读通信文件描述符是阻塞的, 所以在while中循环读的时候若读完数据了会引起阻塞; 所以应该将通信文件描述符设置为非阻塞.
遍历目录的函数:
1 opendir readdir closedir
2 int scandir(const char dirp, struct dirent ***namelist,
int (filter)(const struct dirent ), int (compar)(const struct dirent , const struct dirent ));
webserver.c
//web服务端程序--使用epoll模型
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include "pub.h"
#include "wrap.h"
int http_request(int cfd, int epfd);
int main()
{
//若web服务器给浏览器发送数据的时候, 浏览器已经关闭连接,
//则web服务器就会收到SIGPIPE信号
struct sigaction act;
act.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
act.sa_flags = 0;
sigaction(SIGPIPE, &act, NULL);
//改变当前进程的工作目录
char path[255] = {0};
sprintf(path, "%s/%s", getenv("HOME"), "webpath");
chdir(path);
//创建socket--设置端口复用---bind
int lfd = tcp4bind(9999, NULL);
//设置监听
Listen(lfd, 128);
//创建epoll树
int epfd = epoll_create(1024);
if(epfd<0)
{
perror("epoll_create error");
close(lfd);
return -1;
}
//将监听文件描述符lfd上树
struct epoll_event ev;
ev.data.fd = lfd;
ev.events = EPOLLIN;
epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, lfd, &ev);
int i;
int cfd;
int nready;
int sockfd;
struct epoll_event events[1024];
while(1)
{
//等待事件发生
nready = epoll_wait(epfd, events, 1024, -1);
if(nready<0)
{
if(errno==EINTR)
{
continue;
}
break;
}
for(i=0; i<nready; i++)
{
sockfd = events[i].data.fd;
//有客户端连接请求
if(sockfd==lfd)
{
//接受新的客户端连接
cfd = Accept(lfd, NULL, NULL);
//设置cfd为非阻塞
int flag = fcntl(cfd, F_GETFL);
flag |= O_NONBLOCK;
fcntl(cfd, F_SETFL, flag);
//将新的cfd上树
ev.data.fd = cfd;
ev.events = EPOLLIN;
epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, cfd, &ev);
}
else
{
//有客户端数据发来
http_request(sockfd, epfd);
}
}
}
}
int send_header(int cfd, char *code, char *msg, char *fileType, int len)
{
char buf[1024] = {0};
sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.1 %s %s\r\n", code, msg);
sprintf(buf+strlen(buf), "Content-Type:%s\r\n", fileType);
if(len>0)
{
sprintf(buf+strlen(buf), "Content-Length:%d\r\n", len);
}
strcat(buf, "\r\n");
Write(cfd, buf, strlen(buf));
return 0;
}
int send_file(int cfd, char *fileName)
{
//打开文件
int fd = open(fileName, O_RDONLY);
if(fd<0)
{
perror("open error");
return -1;
}
//循环读文件, 然后发送
int n;
char buf[1024];
while(1)
{
memset(buf, 0x00, sizeof(buf));
n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
if(n<=0)
{
break;
}
else
{
Write(cfd, buf, n);
}
}
}
int http_request(int cfd, int epfd)
{
int n;
char buf[1024];
//读取请求行数据, 分析出要请求的资源文件名
memset(buf, 0x00, sizeof(buf));
n = Readline(cfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
if(n<=0)
{
//printf("read error or client closed, n==[%d]\n", n);
//关闭连接
close(cfd);
//将文件描述符从epoll树上删除
epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, cfd, NULL);
return -1;
}
printf("buf==[%s]\n", buf);
//GET /hanzi.c HTTP/1.1
char reqType[16] = {0};
char fileName[255] = {0};
char protocal[16] = {0};
sscanf(buf, "%[^ ] %[^ ] %[^ \r\n]", reqType, fileName, protocal);
//printf("[%s]\n", reqType);
printf("--[%s]--\n", fileName);
//printf("[%s]\n", protocal);
char *pFile = fileName;
if(strlen(fileName)<=1)
{
strcpy(pFile, "./");
}
else
{
pFile = fileName+1;
}
//转换汉字编码
strdecode(pFile, pFile);
printf("[%s]\n", pFile);
//循环读取完剩余的数据,避免产生粘包
while((n=Readline(cfd, buf, sizeof(buf)))>0);
//判断文件是否存在
struct stat st;
if(stat(pFile, &st)<0)
{
printf("file not exist\n");
//发送头部信息
send_header(cfd, "404", "NOT FOUND", get_mime_type(".html"), 0);
//发送文件内容
send_file(cfd, "error.html");
}
else //若文件存在
{
//判断文件类型
//普通文件
if(S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
{
printf("file exist\n");
//发送头部信息
send_header(cfd, "200", "OK", get_mime_type(pFile), st.st_size);
//发送文件内容
send_file(cfd, pFile);
}
//目录文件
else if(S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
{
printf("目录文件\n");
char buffer[1024];
//发送头部信息
send_header(cfd, "200", "OK", get_mime_type(".html"), 0);
//发送html文件头部
send_file(cfd, "html/dir_header.html");
//文件列表信息
struct dirent **namelist;
int num;
num = scandir(pFile, &namelist, NULL, alphasort);
if (num < 0)
{
perror("scandir");
close(cfd);
epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, cfd, NULL);
return -1;
}
else
{
while (num--)
{
printf("%s\n", namelist[num]->d_name);
memset(buffer, 0x00, sizeof(buffer));
if(namelist[num]->d_type==DT_DIR)
{
sprintf(buffer, "<li><a href=%s/>%s</a></li>", namelist[num]->d_name, namelist[num]->d_name);
}
else
{
sprintf(buffer, "<li><a href=%s>%s</a></li>", namelist[num]->d_name, namelist[num]->d_name);
}
free(namelist[num]);
Write(cfd, buffer, strlen(buffer));
}
free(namelist);
}
//发送html尾部
sleep(10);
send_file(cfd, "html/dir_tail.html");
}
}
return 0;
}
ip地址是自己的，端口是9999
libevent实现Web服务器
//通过libevent编写的web服务器
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include "pub.h"
#include <event.h>
#include <event2/listener.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#define _WORK_DIR_ "%s/webpath"
#define _DIR_PREFIX_FILE_ "html/dir_header.html"
#define _DIR_TAIL_FILE_ "html/dir_tail.html"
int copy_header(struct bufferevent *bev,int op,char *msg,char *filetype,long filesize)
{
char buf[4096]={0};
sprintf(buf,"HTTP/1.1 %d %s\r\n",op,msg);
sprintf(buf,"%sContent-Type: %s\r\n",buf,filetype);
if(filesize >= 0){
sprintf(buf,"%sContent-Length:%ld\r\n",buf,filesize);
}
strcat(buf,"\r\n");
bufferevent_write(bev,buf,strlen(buf));
return 0;
}
int copy_file(struct bufferevent *bev,const char *strFile)
{
int fd = open(strFile,O_RDONLY);
char buf[1024]={0};
int ret;
while( (ret = read(fd,buf,sizeof(buf))) > 0 ){
bufferevent_write(bev,buf,ret);
}
close(fd);
return 0;
}
//发送目录，实际上组织一个html页面发给客户端，目录的内容作为列表显示
int send_dir(struct bufferevent *bev,const char *strPath)
{
//需要拼出来一个html页面发送给客户端
copy_file(bev,_DIR_PREFIX_FILE_);
//send dir info
DIR *dir = opendir(strPath);
if(dir == NULL){
perror("opendir err");
return -1;
}
char bufline[1024]={0};
struct dirent *dent = NULL;
while( (dent= readdir(dir) ) ){
struct stat sb;
stat(dent->d_name,&sb);
if(dent->d_type == DT_DIR){
//目录文件 特殊处理
//格式 <a href="dirname/">dirname</a><p>size</p><p>time</p></br>
memset(bufline,0x00,sizeof(bufline));
sprintf(bufline,"<li><a href='%s/'>%32s</a> %8ld</li>",dent->d_name,dent->d_name,sb.st_size);
bufferevent_write(bev,bufline,strlen(bufline));
}
else if(dent->d_type == DT_REG){
//普通文件 直接显示列表即可
memset(bufline,0x00,sizeof(bufline));
sprintf(bufline,"<li><a href='%s'>%32s</a> %8ld</li>",dent->d_name,dent->d_name,sb.st_size);
bufferevent_write(bev,bufline,strlen(bufline));
}
}
closedir(dir);
copy_file(bev,_DIR_TAIL_FILE_);
//bufferevent_free(bev);
return 0;
}
int http_request(struct bufferevent *bev,char *path)
{
strdecode(path, path);//将中文问题转码成utf-8格式的字符串
char *strPath = path;
if(strcmp(strPath,"/") == 0 || strcmp(strPath,"/.") == 0){
strPath = "./";
}
else{
strPath = path+1;
}
struct stat sb;
if(stat(strPath,&sb) < 0){
//不存在 ，给404页面
copy_header(bev,404,"NOT FOUND",get_mime_type("error.html"),-1);
copy_file(bev,"error.html");
return -1;
}
if(S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)){
//处理目录
copy_header(bev,200,"OK",get_mime_type("ww.html"),sb.st_size);
send_dir(bev,strPath);
}
if(S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)){
//处理文件
//写头
copy_header(bev,200,"OK",get_mime_type(strPath),sb.st_size);
//写文件内容
copy_file(bev,strPath);
}
return 0;
}
void read_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, void *ctx)
{
char buf[256]={0};
char method[10],path[256],protocol[10];
int ret = bufferevent_read(bev, buf, sizeof(buf));
if(ret > 0){
sscanf(buf,"%[^ ] %[^ ] %[^ \r\n]",method,path,protocol);
if(strcasecmp(method,"get") == 0){
//处理客户端的请求
char bufline[256];
write(STDOUT_FILENO,buf,ret);
//确保数据读完
while( (ret = bufferevent_read(bev, bufline, sizeof(bufline)) ) > 0){
write(STDOUT_FILENO,bufline,ret);
}
http_request(bev,path);//处理请求
}
}
}
void bevent_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short what, void *ctx)
{
if(what & BEV_EVENT_EOF){//客户端关闭
printf("client closed\n");
bufferevent_free(bev);
}
else if(what & BEV_EVENT_ERROR){
printf("err to client closed\n");
bufferevent_free(bev);
}
else if(what & BEV_EVENT_CONNECTED){//连接成功
printf("client connect ok\n");
}
}
void listen_cb(struct evconnlistener *listener, evutil_socket_t fd, struct sockaddr *addr, int socklen, void *arg)
{
//定义与客户端通信的bufferevent
struct event_base *base = (struct event_base *)arg;
struct bufferevent *bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, fd, BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
bufferevent_setcb(bev,read_cb,NULL,bevent_cb,base);//设置回调
bufferevent_enable(bev,EV_READ|EV_WRITE);//启用读和写
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
char workdir[256] = {0};
sprintf(workdir,_WORK_DIR_,getenv("HOME"));//HOME=/home/itheima
chdir(workdir);
struct event_base *base = event_base_new();//创建根节点
struct sockaddr_in serv;
serv.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv.sin_port = htons(9999);
serv.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
struct evconnlistener * listener =evconnlistener_new_bind(base,
listen_cb, base, LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE|LEV_OPT_REUSEABLE, -1,
(struct sockaddr *)&serv, sizeof(serv));//连接监听器
event_base_dispatch(base);//循环
event_base_free(base); //释放根节点
evconnlistener_free(listener);//释放链接监听器
return 0;
}学习来自黑马
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