Oracle LSNRCTL------监听器的启动和关闭

对于DBA来说，启动和关闭oracle监听器是很基础的任务，但是Linux系统管理员或者程序员有时也需要在开发数据库中做一些基本的DBA操作，因此了解一些基本的管理操作对他们来说很重要。

本文将讨论用LSNRCTL命令启动、关闭和查看监听器的状态的方法。

怎样启动、关闭和重新启动oracle监听器

在启动、关闭或者重启oracle监听器之前确保使用lsnrctl status命令检查oracle监听器的状态。除了得到监听器的状态之外，你还可以从lsnrctl status命令的输出中得到如下的信息：

* 监听器的启动时间
* 监听器的运行时间
* 监听器参数文件listener.ora的位置，通常位于$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下
* 监听器日志文件的位置

如果oracle监听器没用运行，你将得到如下的信息

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1. $ lsnrctl status
2.
3. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:39
4.
5. Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
6.
7. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
8. TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
9. TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
10. TNS-00511: No listener
11. Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
12. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
13. TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
14. TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
15. TNS-00511: No listener
16. Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:39 Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

如果oracle监听器正在运行，你将得到如下信息

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1. $ lsnrctl status
2.
3. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:02
4.
5. Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
6.
7. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
8. STATUS of the LISTENER
9. ————————
10. Alias LISTENER
11. Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production
12. Start Date 29-APR-2009 18:43:13
13. Uptime 6 days 21 hr. 43 min. 49 sec
14. Trace Level off
15. Security ON: Local OS Authentication
16. SNMP OFF
17. Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora
18. Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml
19. Listening Endpoints Summary…
20. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
21. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
22. Services Summary…
23. Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s).
24. Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
25. Service “devdb.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s).
26. Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
27. Service “devdbXDB.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s).
28. Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
29. Service “devdb_XPT.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s).
30. Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
31. The command completed successfully

$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:02 Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ———————— Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production Start Date 29-APR-2009 18:43:13 Uptime 6 days 21 hr. 43 min. 49 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary… (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC))) Services Summary… Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service… Service “devdb.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service… Service “devdbXDB.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service… Service “devdb_XPT.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service… The command completed successfully

2.启动oracle监听器

如果oracle监听器没用运行，你可以用lsnrctl start命令启动oracle监听器，该命令将启动所有的监听器，如果你只想启动特定的监听器，可以再start后面指定监听器的名字，例如：lsnrctl start [listener-name]。

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1. $ lsnrctl start
2.
3. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:42
4.
5. Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
6.
7. Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait…
8.
9. TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production
10. System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora
11. Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml
12. Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
13. Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
14.
15. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
16. STATUS of the LISTENER
17. ————————
18. Alias LISTENER
19. Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production
20. Start Date 04-APR-2009 16:27:42
21. Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
22. Trace Level off
23. Security ON: Local OS Authentication
24. SNMP OFF
25. Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora
26. Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml
27. Listening Endpoints Summary…
28. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
29. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
30. Services Summary…
31. Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s).
32. Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
33. The command completed successfully

$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:42 Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait… TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ———————— Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production Start Date 04-APR-2009 16:27:42 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary… (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC))) Services Summary… Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service… The command completed successfully

3.关闭oracle监听器

如果oracle监听器正在运行，可以使用lsnrctl stop命令关闭oracle监听器，该命令将关闭所有的监听器，如果你只想关闭特定的监听器，可以再stop后面指定监听器的名字，例如：lsnrctl stop [listener-name]

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1. $ lsnrctl stop
2.
3. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:37
4.
5. Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
6.
7. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
8. The command completed successfully

$ lsnrctl stop LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:37 Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) The command completed successfully

4.重启oracle监听器

用lsnrctl reload重启监听器，此命令可以代替lsnrctl stop和lsnrctl start。重启将会在不需要关闭和启动监听器的情况下读取listener.ora的配置。

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1. $ lsnrctl reload
2.
3. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 17:03:31
4.
5. Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
6.
7. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
8. The command completed successfully

$ lsnrctl reload LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 17:03:31 Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) The command completed successfully

Oracle监听器帮助

1.查看所有的监听器命令

lsnrctl hep命令可以显示所有可用的监听器命令。在oracle11g中其输出如下：
# start - Start the Oracle listener
# stop - Stop the Oracle listener
# status - Display the current status of the Oracle listener
# services - Retrieve the listener services information
# version - Display the oracle listener version information
# reload - This will reload the oracle listener SID and parameter files. This is equivalent to lsnrctl stop and lsnrctl start.
# save_config - This will save the current settings to the listener.ora file and also take a backup of the listener.ora file before overwriting it. If there are no changes, it will display the message “No changes to save for LISTENER”
# trace - Enable the tracing at the listener level. The available options are ‘trace OFF’, ‘trace USER’, ‘trace ADMIN’ or ‘trace SUPPORT’
# spawn - Spawns a new with the program with the spawn_alias mentioned in the listener.ora file
# change_password - Set the new password to the oracle listener (or) change the existing listener password.
# show - Display log files and other relevant listener information.

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1. $ lsnrctl help
2.
3. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:12:09
4.
5. Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
6.
7. The following operations are available
8. An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:
9.
10. start stop status
11. services version reload
12. save_config trace spawn
13. change_password quit exit
14. set* show*

$ lsnrctl help LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:12:09 Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. The following operations are available An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command: start stop status services version reload save_config trace spawn change_password quit exit set* show*

2.得到指定监听器命令的详细帮助信息

可以使用lsnrctl help得到指定的命令的详细帮助信息。如下所示

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1. $ lsnrctl help show
2.
3. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:22:28
4.
5. Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
6.
7. The following operations are available after show
8. An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:
9.
10. rawmode displaymode
11. rules trc_file
12. trc_directory trc_level
13. log_file log_directory
14. log_status current_listener
15. inbound_connect_timeout startup_waittime
16. snmp_visible save_config_on_stop
17. dynamic_registration