Linux内核中的pinctrl子系统应用实例
-
struct pinctrl *devm_pinctrl_get(struct device *dev)
-
-
pinctrl_lookup_state
//寻找一个pin的配置
-
-
pinctrl_select_state
// 设置选择一个pin的配置
-
由于近期在做一个项目用到了pinctrl子系统,但是对pinctrl子系统了解又不是很多,所以遇到了麻烦,但是找度娘发现很少有同行对pinctrl的具体用法做出说明,所以只能自己去搞了,在经过一段时间对Linux内核源码的折腾,最终搞定,并将我所应用的实例给展示一下,希望对大家有所帮助。
关于pinctrl是什么,为什么要用pinctrl,源码深度剖析我在这就不赘述了,有位博友总结的非常好,大家可以参考http://www.wowotech.net/sort/gpio_subsystem。
下面我介绍一下如何去使用内核中的pinctrl子系统以device tree设备树为例,当你需要控制某些pin的时候,你首先要在devicetree中去按照pinctrl的规则去描述它,然后才能在driver中去使用:
案例1:
xxx这个设备要用到gpg0_1这个pin的TE_DECON_INT功能,并分别将这两个状态取了个名字turnon_tes和turnoff_tes.这个名字是随便起的。重点是看pinctrl-0和pinctrl-1,根据示例,它们分别引用了disp_teson和disp_tesoff这两个节点。
- xxx {
- ....
- pinctrl-names = "turnon_tes", "turnoff_tes";
- pinctrl-0 = <&disp_teson>;
- pinctrl-1 = <&disp_tesoff>;
- };
-
xxx {
-
....
-
pinctrl-names =
"turnon_tes",
"turnoff_tes";
-
pinctrl
-0 = <&disp_teson>;
-
pinctrl
-1 = <&disp_tesoff>;
-
};
两个重要的属性必须有:pins 和 pin-function分别是pin的名字和要把pin配置成什么功能,还有gpg0属于pinctrl_2,所以这个地方引用的是pinctrl_2而不是其他。
- &disp_teson_pinctrl { //#define disp_teson_pinctrl pinctrl_2
- disp_teson: disp_teson {
- samsung,pins = disp_teson_pin; //#define disp_teson_pin "gpg0-1"
- samsung,pin-function = <disp_teson_con>;//#define disp_teson_con 2 -- 对应0x2 = TEDECON_INT
- };
- };
- &disp_tesoff_pinctrl {
- disp_tesoff: disp_tesoff {
- samsung,pins = disp_tesoff_pin; //#define disp_teson_pin "gpg0-1"
- samsung,pin-function = <disp_tesoff_con>;//#define disp_teson_con 0
- };
- };
-
&disp_teson_pinctrl {
//#define disp_teson_pinctrl pinctrl_2
-
disp_teson: disp_teson {
-
samsung,pins = disp_teson_pin;
//#define disp_teson_pin "gpg0-1"
-
samsung,pin-function = <disp_teson_con>;
//#define disp_teson_con 2 -- 对应0x2 = TEDECON_INT
-
};
-
};
-
&disp_tesoff_pinctrl {
-
disp_tesoff: disp_tesoff {
-
samsung,pins = disp_tesoff_pin;
//#define disp_teson_pin "gpg0-1"
-
samsung,pin-function = <disp_tesoff_con>;
//#define disp_teson_con 0
-
};
-
};
那么driver如何去操作这个pin呢?首先需要大家熟悉几个内核的API:
1. 获取一个pinctrl句柄,参数是dev是包含这个pin的device结构体即xxx这个设备的device
- /**
- * struct devm_pinctrl_get() - Resource managed pinctrl_get()
- * @dev: the device to obtain the handle for
- *
- * If there is a need to explicitly destroy the returned struct pinctrl,
- * devm_pinctrl_put() should be used, rather than plain pinctrl_put().
- */
- struct pinctrl *devm_pinctrl_get(struct device *dev)
-
/**
-
* struct devm_pinctrl_get() - Resource managed pinctrl_get()
-
* @dev: the device to obtain the handle for
-
*
-
* If there is a need to explicitly destroy the returned struct pinctrl,
-
* devm_pinctrl_put() should be used, rather than plain pinctrl_put().
-
*/
-
struct pinctrl *devm_pinctrl_get(struct device *dev)
-
- /**
- * pinctrl_lookup_state() - retrieves a state handle from a pinctrl handle
- * @p: the pinctrl handle to retrieve the state from
- * @name: the state name to retrieve
- */
- struct pinctrl_state *pinctrl_lookup_state(struct pinctrl *p, const char *name)
-
/**
-
* pinctrl_lookup_state() - retrieves a state handle from a pinctrl handle
-
* @p: the pinctrl handle to retrieve the state from
-
* @name: the state name to retrieve
-
*/
-
struct pinctrl_state *pinctrl_lookup_state(struct pinctrl *p, const char *name)
3. 设置引脚为为某个stata -- turnon_tes/turnoff_tes
- /**
- * pinctrl_select_state() - select/activate/program a pinctrl state to HW
- * @p: the pinctrl handle for the device that requests configuration
- * @state: the state handle to select/activate/program
- */
- int pinctrl_select_state(struct pinctrl *p, struct pinctrl_state *state)
-
/**
-
* pinctrl_select_state() - select/activate/program a pinctrl state to HW
-
* @p: the pinctrl handle for the device that requests configuration
-
* @state: the state handle to select/activate/program
-
*/
-
int pinctrl_select_state(struct pinctrl *p, struct pinctrl_state *state)
具体操作:
- /* 获取pin control state holder 的句柄 */
- pinctrl = devm_pinctrl_get(dev);
- /* 得到名字为turnon_tes和turnoff_tes对应的pin state */
- struct pinctrl_state * turnon_tes = pinctrl_lookup_state(pinctrl, "turnon_tes");
- struct pinctrl_state * turnoff_tes = pinctrl_lookup_state(pinctrl, "turnoff_tes");
- /* 设置名字为turnon_tes这个pinctrl对应引脚(gpg0-1)的pin state,即gpg0_1对应的寄存器位域设置为2 */
- pinctrl_select_state(pinctrl, turnon_tes)。
-
/* 获取pin control state holder 的句柄 */
-
pinctrl = devm_pinctrl_get(dev);
-
/* 得到名字为turnon_tes和turnoff_tes对应的pin state */
-
struct pinctrl_state * turnon_tes = pinctrl_lookup_state(pinctrl, "turnon_tes");
-
struct pinctrl_state * turnoff_tes = pinctrl_lookup_state(pinctrl, "turnoff_tes");
-
/* 设置名字为turnon_tes这个pinctrl对应引脚(gpg0-1)的pin state,即gpg0_1对应的寄存器位域设置为2 */
-
pinctrl_select_state(pinctrl, turnon_tes)。
经过以上操作,gpg_1引脚对应的con寄存器的对应的位域被配置成2,即0x2 = TE_DECON_INT功能。同意,根据此方法也可以设置turnoff_tes的状态。
案例2 -- 一个背光灯device需要使用pwm的输出pin:
device tree:
背光系统中要用到gpd2_4这个pin的TOUT_0功能和gpd4_3这个pin的输出功能并输出1,需要在backlight这个node中做以下描述,这两个pin只有一个状态(pwm-on),同样,这个名字也是可以随便起的。bl_pwm_ctrl和bl_pwm_en_ctrl分别是对这两个pin的描述。
- backlight {
- ...
- ...
- pinctrl-names = "pwm-on";
- pinctrl-0 = <&bl_pwm_ctrl @bl_pwm_en_ctrl>;
- };
-
backlight {
-
...
-
...
-
pinctrl-names =
"pwm-on";
-
pinctrl
-0 = <&bl_pwm_ctrl @bl_pwm_en_ctrl>;
-
};
- /* <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: KaiTi_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24.5px;">这个和上面一样,就不多说了</span> */
/* 这个和上面一样,就不多说了 */
- &bl_pwm_ctrl_pinctrl{ //#define bl_pwm_ctrl_pinctrl pinctrl_2
- bl_pwm_ctrl: bl_pwm_ctrl {
- samsung,pins = bl_pwm_ctrl_pin; //#define bl_pwm_ctrl_pin "gpd2-4"
- samsung,pin-function = <bl_pwm_ctrl_con>; //#define bl_pwm_ctrl_con 2
- samsung,pin-pud = <bl_pwm_ctrl_pull>; //#define bl_pwm_ctrl_pull 3
- samsung,pin-drv = <bl_pwm_ctrl_drv>; //#define bl_pwm_ctrl_drv 0
- };
- };
-
&bl_pwm_ctrl_pinctrl{
//#define bl_pwm_ctrl_pinctrl pinctrl_2
-
bl_pwm_ctrl: bl_pwm_ctrl {
-
samsung,pins = bl_pwm_ctrl_pin;
//#define bl_pwm_ctrl_pin "gpd2-4"
-
samsung,pin-function = <bl_pwm_ctrl_con>;
//#define bl_pwm_ctrl_con 2
-
samsung,pin-pud = <bl_pwm_ctrl_pull>;
//#define bl_pwm_ctrl_pull 3
-
samsung,pin-drv = <bl_pwm_ctrl_drv>;
//#define bl_pwm_ctrl_drv 0
-
};
-
};
这个描述比上面多了个pin-val,因为这个引脚不仅要配置成输出功能,还要输出1,所以pin-val = 1。
- &bl_pwm_en_ctrl_pinctrl{
- bl_pwm_en_ctrl: bl_pwm_en_ctrl {
- samsung,pins = bl_pwm_en_ctrl_pin; //#define bl_pwm_en_ctrl_pin "gpd4-3"
- samsung,pin-function = <bl_pwm_en_ctrl_con>; //#define bl_pwm_en_ctrl_con 1
- samsung,pin-val = <1>;
- samsung,pin-pud = <bl_pwm_en_ctrl_pull>;
- samsung,pin-drv = <bl_pwm_en_ctrl_drv>;
- };
- };
-
&bl_pwm_en_ctrl_pinctrl{
-
bl_pwm_en_ctrl: bl_pwm_en_ctrl {
-
samsung,pins = bl_pwm_en_ctrl_pin;
//#define bl_pwm_en_ctrl_pin "gpd4-3"
-
samsung,pin-function = <bl_pwm_en_ctrl_con>;
//#define bl_pwm_en_ctrl_con 1
-
samsung,pin-val = <
1>;
-
samsung,pin-pud = <bl_pwm_en_ctrl_pull>;
-
samsung,pin-drv = <bl_pwm_en_ctrl_drv>;
-
};
-
};
driver的操作:
在backlight的driver的probe中:
- struct pinctrl * p = devm_pinctrl_get(&pdev->dev);
- struct pinctrl_state * default_state = pinctrl_lookup_state(p, "pwm-on");
- pinctrl_select_state(p, default_state);
-
struct pinctrl * p = devm_pinctrl_get(&pdev->dev);
-
struct pinctrl_state * default_state = pinctrl_lookup_state(p, "pwm-on");
-
pinctrl_select_state(p, default_state);
执行完以上操作,可以发现gpd2_4引脚被配置成了TOUT_0功能,gpd4_3引脚被配置成为了输出功能,并且输出1(高电平)。
以上就是pinctrl子系统的应用实例。如果有解释不太正确的地方请指教。