Linux安装mysql——源码安装

软件：

cmake-2.8.12.1.tar.gz

mysql-5.5.31.tar.gz

1、安装cmake

   (如果存在旧的，卸载掉，卸载命令apt-get autoremove cmake)

root@ubuntu:/usr/local# tar -zvxf cmake-2.8.12.1.tar.gz
root@ubuntu:/usr/local# cd cmake-2.8.12.1
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/cmake-2.8.12.1# ./configure
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/cmake-2.8.12.1# make
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/cmake-2.8.12.1# make install

2、创建mysql的安装目录及数据库存放目录

root@ubuntu:/usr/local# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql                 //安装mysql 
root@ubuntu:/usr/local# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data            //存放数据库

3、创建mysql用户及用户组并赋予数据存放目录权限

root@ubuntu:/usr/local# groupadd mysql
root@ubuntu:/usr/local# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
root@ubuntu:/usr/local# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/data/

4、安装mysql

root@ubuntu:/usr/local# tar -zvxf mysql-5.5.31.tar.gz
root@ubuntu:/usr/local# cd mysql-5.5.31
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql-5.5.31# cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci  \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql-5.5.31# make
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql-5.5.31# make install

参数说明：

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql        //安装目录

-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data         //数据库存放目录

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8                    　　　　//使用utf8字符

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci            //校验字符

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all                        　　　　//安装所有扩展字符集

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1                    　　  //允许从本地导入数据

 

注意事项：

重新编译时，需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。

# make clean

# rm -f CMakeCache.txt

# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

5、配置：

root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld  //将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
//设置软连接，
root@ubuntu:/usr/local# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

6、启动

root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql# cd /usr/local/mysql
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql# /etc/init.d/mysqld start //启动数据库
root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql# mysql -u root -p //这里MySQL的root用户还没有配置密码，所以为空值。需要输入密码时，直接点回车键即可。
修改root密码
mysql>use mysql ;
mysql>update user set password=PASSWORD("aaa") where user='root';
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

7、测试

mysql> create database mytest;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mytest;
Database changed
mysql> create table student(id int auto_increment,name varchar(100),age int,address varchar(255),tel int,score float,primary key(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into student values(NULL,'zhangsan',22,'china',13126668725,99);
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into student values(NULL,'lisi',23,'china hebei',13126668725,96);
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from student;
+----+----------+------+-------------+------------+-------+
| id | name     | age  | address     | tel        | score |
+----+----------+------+-------------+------------+-------+
|  1 | zhangsan |   22 | china       | 2147483647 |    99 |
|  2 | lisi     |   23 | china hebei | 2147483647 |    96 |
+----+----------+------+-------------+------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.05 sec)

参考：

http://www.cnblogs.com/fly1988happy/archive/2011/11/21/2257682.html（安装参考）

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/zh/preface.html（Mysql中文手册和教程）

http://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.5.31.tar.gz  （mysql下载地址）

http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html（cmake下载地址）