centos7 xtrabackup mysql（8）增量备份（1）

centos7 xtrabackup mysql（8）增量备份（1）

参考

xtrabackup-8.0的安装、备份以及恢复（innoxtrabackup有待测试）
https://blog.csdn.net/DWJRIVER/article/details/117792271

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28721869/article/details/118853884

在 master 192.168.99.40 上面做增量备份

1.2 Xtrabackup 系列版本
目前 Xtrabackup 活跃的大版本有三个：

Xtrabackup 2.4 适用于 MySQL 5.6 和 MySQL 5.7。
Xtrabackup 8.0 适用于 MySQL 8.0。
Xtrabackup 8.1 适用于 MySQL 8.1。

Xtrabackup与mysqldump区别
Xtrabackup属于物理备份，mysqldump属于逻辑备份。
Xtrabackup占用的CPU与内存较少，消耗的IO相对较大，备份后的文件较大。

通过mysql自带的工具mysqldump进行逻辑备份和恢复，虽然可以节省磁盘空间，但是速度很慢。

查看版本：

xtrabackup --version

安装 方法
1

wget https://downloads.percona.com/downloads/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4.26/binary/redhat/7/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

2

sudo yum localinstall -y ./percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

删除的方法：（暂时不用删除）

sudo yum remove percona-xtrabackup-24.x86_64

xtrabackup --version

xtrabackup: recognized server arguments: --datadir=/opt/datadir/mysql/ --server-id=40 --log_bin=mysql-bin
xtrabackup version 2.4.26 based on MySQL server 5.7.35 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: 19de43b)

mysql -u root -p
1234aA~1

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.44-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
#datadir=/var/lib/mysql
datadir=/opt/datadir/mysql/
socket=/opt/datadir/mysql/mysql.sock
#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#for zhu and chong
server-id=40
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
binlog_do_db=company_pro
binlog_do_db=company_service

[client]
socket=/opt/datadir/mysql/mysql.sock

sudo mkdir /data

sudo mkdir -p /data/backup0726

全量备份

sudo xtrabackup --backup --target-dir=/data/backup0726/full_backup --user=root --password=1234aA~1 --socket=/opt/datadir/mysql/mysql.sock

会自动在/data/backup0726/目录下面创建full_backup目录

添加数据1

添加数据测试一下
测试主从是否可以

主机端
mysql -u root -p
1234aA~1

show databases ;
use company_pro;
show tables ;
insert into employee(name) value (‘20240726’);

从机端 查看
mysql -u root -p
1234aA~1
show databases ;
use company_pro;
show tables ;
select * from employee ;

增量备份1

sudo xtrabackup --backup --target-dir=/data/backup0726/inc_0727_backup --incremental-basedir=/data/backup0726/full_backup --user=root --password=1234aA~1 --socket=/opt/datadir/mysql/mysql.sock

添加数据2

添加数据测试一下
测试主从是否可以

主机端
mysql -u root -p
1234aA~1

show databases ;
use company_pro;
show tables ;
insert into employee(name) value (‘20240726’);

增量备份2

sudo xtrabackup --backup --target-dir=/data/backup0726/inc_0728_backup --incremental-basedir=/data/backup0726/inc_0727_backup --user=root --password=1234aA~1 --socket=/opt/datadir/mysql/mysql.sock

查看一下数据

如何恢复数据

sudo systemctl stop mysqld

datadir=/opt/datadir/mysql/

vi /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
#datadir=/var/lib/mysql
datadir=/opt/datadir/mysql/
socket=/opt/datadir/mysql/mysql.sock
#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#for zhu and chong
server-id=40
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
binlog_do_db=company_pro
binlog_do_db=company_service

[client]
socket=/opt/datadir/mysql/mysql.sock

cd ~
sudo cp -r /opt/datadir/mysql /opt/datadir/bak_mysql

sudo rm -rf /opt/datadir/mysql/*

mkdir /home/jack/test
cd /home/jack/test

sudo xtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=/data/backup0726/full_backup
sudo xtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=/data/backup0726/full_backup --incremental-dir=/data/backup0726/inc_0727_backup
sudo xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/data/backup0726/full_backup --incremental-dir=/data/backup0726/inc_0728_backup
sudo xtrabackup --copy-back  --target-dir=/data/backup0726/full_backup

sudo chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/datadir/mysql/*

sudo systemctl restart mysqld

查看数据

mysql -u root -p
1234aA~1
show databases ;
use company_pro;
show tables ;
select * from employee ;

数据是对的

但是 从数据这个时候是 连接不上的

show slave status\G

需要

stop slave ;
change master to
master_host='192.168.99.40',
master_user='mysqlsyn',
master_password='1234aA~1',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
master_log_pos=524;
start slave ;
show slave status\G

master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000001’,
master_log_pos=524;
这个信息是通过
show master status;
得来的

没有连接上之前的数据会被漏掉
所在在 slave连接上之前不能增删数据。
？
这个地方是一个问题啊
从机在运行的过程中，如果挂掉了，然后再重启，两者的，
在挂掉到重启之间的 这个时间段，如果有数据出现，从机会收不到。
从机会漏掉这部分数据，对吧。

下一步写一个脚本

MySQL8的备份方案——增量备份（CentOS）
https://blog.csdn.net/thetender/article/details/140388464