结合再生能源利用和乘客双重利益的多目标列车时刻表优化

针对解决2个以上不同目标之间矛盾的障碍，我们提出了考虑地铁公司利益和乘客双重利益的多目标整数规划模型和求解算法。地铁公司的利益体现在通过利用制动列车产生的再生能源 (RE) 来加速列车来实现能源消耗 (EC) 最小化。乘客的好处包括乘客等待时间（PWT）和乘客舒适度（PC）。此外，考虑到客流的可变性，在列车运行条件的约束下，我们估计了PWT，并定义了动态客流对拥堵的容忍度。提出了非支配排序遗传算法II（NSGA-II）的详细过程。

关键词：时刻表优化、能耗、乘客等待时间、动态乘客舒适度、NSGA-II、再生能源

Aiming at overcoming the obstacles of resolving the contradictions among more than 2 different objectives, we propose a multi-objective integer programming model and a solution algorithm considering the interest of metro companies and dual benefits of passengers. The interest of metro companies is represented by minimizing energy consumption (EC) that is realized by utilizing the regenerative energy (RE) generated by braking trains to accelerate trains. The benefits of passengers consist of passenger waiting time (PWT) and passenger comfort (PC). In addition, considering the variability of passenger flow, under the constraints of train operational conditions, we estimate the PWT and define the dynamic passenger tolerance for the congestion. A detailed procedure of Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) is proposed. The result of a numerical simulation shows the proposed approach can effectively reduce EC and PWT, and improve PC, demonstrating the feasibility of the method in solving multi-objective timetable optimization problem.

Keywords: Timetable optimization, Energy consumption, Passenger waiting time, Dynamic passenger comfort, NSGA-II, Regenerative energy
（Multi-Objective Train Timetable Optimization Integrating Regenerative Energy Utilization and Passenger Dual Benefits）