【期刊】Science of The Total Environment【环境科学总论】

Science of the Total Environment is an international multi-disciplinary natural science journal for publication of novel, hypothesis-driven and high-impact research on the total environment, which interfaces the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere.
《总体环境科学》是一本国际多学科自然科学期刊，用于发表关于总体环境的新颖、假设驱动和高影响力的研究，该研究涉及大气、岩石圈、水圈、生物圈和人类圈。

STOTEN's Aims & Scope has been updated - we invite contributions of original and high quality interdisciplinary environmental research papers of broad impact. Studies significantly advancing fundamental understanding and that focus on the interconnection of multiple spheres will be given primary consideration. Field studies have preference, while papers describing laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant advances in methodology or mechanistic understanding with a clear connection to the environment. Descriptive, repetitive, incremental or regional-scale studies with limited novelty will not be considered.
STOTEN 的目标和范围已更新——我们欢迎提交具有广泛影响的原创高质量跨学科环境研究论文。将显著推进基本理解并关注多个领域相互联系的研究将优先考虑。实地研究优先，而描述实验室实验的论文必须展示在方法或机制理解方面的重大进步，并与环境有明确的联系。描述性、重复性、渐进性或区域规模的有限新颖性研究将不予考虑。

1) Subject areas may include, but are not limited to:
1) 主题领域可能包括但不限于：

Air quality, atmospheric conditions, and new understanding of their role in adverse health or environmental outcomes
空气质量、大气条件及其在不良健康或环境后果中的作用的新理解
Atmospheric biogeochemistry
大气生物地球化学
Ecosystem services and life cycle assessment
生态系统服务与生命周期评估
Ecotoxicology and risk assessment
毒理学与风险评估
Eco-hydrology 生态水文学
Wildlife and contaminants
野生动物与污染物
Environmental impacts of climate change, agriculture, forestry, and land uses
气候变化、农业、林业和土地利用的环境影响
Environmental impacts of waste or wastewater treatment
废物或废水处理的环境影响
Drinking water contaminants and health implications
饮用水污染物与健康影响
Environmental remediation of soil and groundwater
土壤和地下水的环境修复
Global change-induced extreme events and environmental impacts
全球变化引起的极端事件及环境影响
Groundwater hydrogeochemistry and modeling
地下水水文地球化学与建模
Nanomaterials, microplastics, and other emerging contaminants
纳米材料、微塑料和其他新兴污染物
Novel contaminant (bio)monitoring and risk assessment approaches
新型污染物（生物）监测和风险评估方法
Use of remote sensing and big data applications in better understanding complex environments
利用遥感和大数据分析更好地理解复杂环境
Stress ecology in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems
海洋、淡水和陆地生态系统的压力生态学
Trace metals and organics in biogeochemical cycles
生物地球循环中的痕量金属和有机物
Water quality and security
水质与安全
Critical reviews or Discussion on current or emerging topics
对当前或新兴主题的批判性评论或讨论
Fast-track submissions reporting ground-breaking discoveries with immediate impact
报道具有即时影响的突破性发现的快速通道投稿

2) Types of submissions not to be considered:
2) 不应考虑的投稿类型：

Papers not contributing significant new knowledge to the field of study
对研究领域未贡献显著新知识的论文
Treatment/technology/engineering studies that do not demonstrate direct environmental effects or benefits
未展示直接环境影响或效益的处理/技术/工程研究
Disciplinary studies with limited environmental relevance
环境相关性有限的学科研究
Local or regional scale case studies lacking international relevance
缺乏国际相关性的地方或区域尺度案例研究
Soil or plant science studies without environmental implications
缺乏环境影响的土壤或植物科学研究
Laboratory batch experiments without an application component, e.g., batch sorption experiments, preparation, and evaluation of sorbents or catalysts for contaminant removal, or controlled laboratory experiments not using environmentally relevant concentrations
缺少应用成分的实验室批量实验，例如批量吸附实验、吸附剂或催化剂的制备和评估以去除污染物，或未使用环境相关浓度的控制实验室实验
Manuscripts that are primarily data reports without a substantial hypothesis, e.g., monitoring of common contaminants
主要为数据报告的稿件，缺乏实质性假设，例如常见污染物的监测
Modelling studies without calibration and data validation
缺乏校准和数据验证的建模研究
Papers of social science in nature on economics, sociology, psychology, political science, policy, planning and/or management
自然科学中关于经济学、社会学、心理学、政治学、政策、规划和管理的社会科学论文
Papers describing toxicological studies with narrow/specific objectives that do not have a clear environmental science connection
描述具有狭窄/特定目标且没有明确环境科学联系的毒理学研究的论文
Toxicology and ecotoxicology studies testing single chemicals in bench-scale assays
在台式规模试验中测试单一化学物质的毒理学和生态毒理学研究
Human health studies that do not provide significant additional understanding of pollution induced health outcomes
对污染诱导的健康结果缺乏显著额外理解的公共卫生研究
Papers covering exposures, health effects, and control measures in occupational settings
覆盖职业环境中暴露、健康影响和控制措施的论文
Method development papers on common contaminants
常见污染物的方法开发论文
Bibliometric analysis-based papers
基于文献计量分析的论文
Papers that describe data analysis methods including machine learning that do not provide new scientific insights into the system from which the data were collected
描述数据分析方法（包括机器学习）的论文，但未提供对收集数据系统的新的科学见解
Development and/or implementation of renewable energy (e.g., wind, solar) that do not directly affect an environmental system.
可再生能源（如风能、太阳能）的开发和/或实施，但不直接影响环境系统

Please DO NOT ask the Editors-in-Chief for permission before submitting a manuscript. Kindly check the guidelines to determine whether your manuscript is within the scope of the journal; if yes, please go ahead and submit it.
提交稿件前，请勿向主编请求许可。请查阅指南，确定您的稿件是否在期刊范围之内；如果是，请继续提交

Guide for authors 作者指南

About the journal 期刊简介

Aims and scope 目标与范围

An International Journal for Scientific Research into the Environment and its Relationship with Humankind
国际环境及其与人类关系科学研究期刊

1) Subject areas may include, but are not limited to:
1) 主题领域可能包括但不限于：

Air quality, atmospheric conditions, and new understanding of their role in adverse health or environmental outcomes
空气质量、大气条件及其在不良健康或环境后果中的作用的新理解
Atmospheric biogeochemistry
大气生物地球化学
Ecosystem services and life cycle assessment
生态系统服务与生命周期评估
Ecotoxicology and risk assessment
毒理学与风险评估
Eco-hydrology 生态水文学
Wildlife and contaminants
野生动物与污染物
Environmental impacts of climate change, agriculture, forestry, and land uses
气候变化、农业、林业和土地利用的环境影响
Environmental impacts of waste or wastewater treatment
废物或废水处理的环境影响
Drinking water contaminants and health implications
饮用水污染物与健康影响
Environmental remediation of soil and groundwater
土壤和地下水的环境修复
Global change-induced extreme events and environmental impacts
全球变化引起的极端事件及环境影响
Groundwater hydrogeochemistry and modeling
地下水水文地球化学与建模
Nanomaterials, microplastics, and other emerging contaminants
纳米材料、微塑料和其他新兴污染物
Novel contaminant (bio)monitoring and risk assessment approaches
新型污染物（生物）监测和风险评估方法
Use of remote sensing and big data applications in better understanding complex environments
利用遥感和大数据分析更好地理解复杂环境
Stress ecology in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems
海洋、淡水和陆地生态系统的压力生态学
Trace metals and organics in biogeochemical cycles
生物地球循环中的痕量金属和有机物
Water quality and security
水质与安全
Critical reviews or Discussion on current or emerging topics
对当前或新兴主题的批判性评论或讨论
Fast-track submissions reporting ground-breaking discoveries with immediate impact
报道具有即时影响的突破性发现的快速通道投稿

2) Types of submissions not to be considered:
2) 不应考虑的投稿类型：

Papers not contributing significant new knowledge to the field of study
对研究领域未贡献显著新知识的论文
Treatment/technology/engineering studies that do not demonstrate direct environmental effects or benefits
未展示直接环境影响或效益的处理/技术/工程研究
Disciplinary studies with limited environmental relevance
环境相关性有限的学科研究
Local or regional scale case studies lacking international relevance
缺乏国际相关性的地方或区域尺度案例研究
Soil or plant science studies without environmental implications
缺乏环境影响的土壤或植物科学研究
Laboratory batch experiments without an application component, e.g., batch sorption experiments, preparation, and evaluation of sorbents or catalysts for contaminant removal, or controlled laboratory experiments not using environmentally relevant concentrations
缺少应用成分的实验室批量实验，例如批量吸附实验、吸附剂或催化剂的制备和评估以去除污染物，或未使用环境相关浓度的控制实验室实验
Manuscripts that are primarily data reports without a substantial hypothesis, e.g., monitoring of common contaminants
主要为数据报告的稿件，缺乏实质性假设，例如常见污染物的监测
Modelling studies without calibration and data validation
缺乏校准和数据验证的建模研究
Papers of social science in nature on economics, sociology, psychology, political science, policy, planning and/or management
自然科学中关于经济学、社会学、心理学、政治学、政策、规划和管理的社会科学论文
Papers describing toxicological studies with narrow/specific objectives that do not have a clear environmental science connection
描述具有狭窄/特定目标且没有明确环境科学联系的毒理学研究的论文
Toxicology and ecotoxicology studies testing single chemicals in bench-scale assays
在台式规模试验中测试单一化学物质的毒理学和生态毒理学研究
Human health studies that do not provide significant additional understanding of pollution induced health outcomes
对污染诱导的健康结果缺乏显著额外理解的公共卫生研究
Papers covering exposures, health effects, and control measures in occupational settings
覆盖职业环境中暴露、健康影响和控制措施的论文
Method development papers on common contaminants
常见污染物的方法开发论文
Bibliometric analysis-based papers
基于文献计量分析的论文
Papers that describe data analysis methods including machine learning that do not provide new scientific insights into the system from which the data were collected
描述数据分析方法（包括机器学习）的论文，但未提供对收集数据系统的新的科学见解
Development and/or implementation of renewable energy (e.g., wind, solar) that do not directly affect an environmental system.
可再生能源（如风能、太阳能）的开发和/或实施，但不直接影响环境系统

Article types 文章类型

Research papers reporting original and previously unpublished work.
报道原创和未曾发表过的研究成果的研究论文。

Short Communications. A brief communication of urgent matter or the reporting of preliminary findings.
短篇通讯。对紧急事项或初步发现的简要报告。

Letters to the Editor. A written discussion of papers published in the journal. Letters are accepted on the basis of new scientific insights on the particular topic, critical additional information, relevance to the published paper and timeliness. Authors will be invited to submit a Reply to respond to points raised. The Editor will decide on the publication of Letters and Replies based on scientific merit, importance to the raised issues, and interest to the general audience. Letters and Replies of an unprofessional or unscientific nature, or containing personal invective, will not be considered.
编辑信函。对期刊已发表论文的书面讨论。信函基于对特定主题的新科学见解、关键补充信息、与已发表论文的相关性和时效性而被接受。作者将被邀请提交回复以回应提出的问题。编辑将根据科学价值、对提出问题的重大意义和对一般公众的兴趣来决定信函和回复的发表。任何非专业或非科学性质的信函和回复，或包含个人攻击性的内容，将不予考虑。

Review Articles. Critical evaluation of existing data, defined topics or emerging fields of investigation, critical issues of public concern.
综述文章。对现有数据、定义主题或新兴研究领域、公众关心的关键问题的批判性评估。

Discussion. Opinionated exposition on an important scientific issue or event designed to stimulate further discussion in a broader scientific forum.
对一个重要的科学问题或事件进行有见地的阐述，旨在激发更广泛的科学论坛的进一步讨论。

Special Issues. Proceedings of symposia, workshops and/or conferences will be considered for publication as a special issue. The Special Issue Editor, Dr. Paola Verlicchi (verlicchi.elsevier@gmail.com), should be contacted early in the conference planning process to get approval. For guidelines and full information on special issues of this journal please click here.
特别专题。会议、研讨会和/或研讨会的论文集将被考虑作为特别专题发表。特别专题编辑 Paola Verlicchi 博士（verlicchi.elsevier@gmail.com）应在会议规划初期联系以获得批准。有关本期刊特别专题的指南和完整信息，请点击此处。

Peer review 同行评审

This journal follows a single anonymized review process. Your submission will initially be assessed by our editors to determine suitability for publication in this journal. If your submission is deemed suitable, it will typically be sent to a minimum of two reviewers for an independent expert assessment of the scientific quality. The decision as to whether your article is accepted or rejected will be taken by our editors.
本刊采用单盲审稿流程。您的投稿将首先由我们的编辑进行评估，以确定其是否适合在本刊发表。如果您的投稿被认为适合发表，它通常会被发送给至少两位审稿人进行独立专家评估其科学质量。关于您的文章是否被接受或拒绝的决定将由我们的编辑做出。

Read more about peer review.
了解更多关于同行评审的信息。

Our editors are not involved in making decisions about papers which:
我们的编辑不参与关于以下论文的决策：

they have written themselves.
它们已经自己写出来了。
have been written by family members or colleagues.
由家庭成员或同事所写。
relate to products or services in which they have an interest.
与他们对产品或服务感兴趣的相关内容。

Any such submissions will be subject to the journal's usual procedures and peer review will be handled independently of the editor involved and their research group. Read more about editor duties.
任何此类投稿都将遵循期刊的常规程序，同行评审将由编辑及其研究团队独立处理。了解更多关于编辑职责的信息。

Authors may submit a formal appeal request to the editorial decision, provided the it meets the requirements and follows the procedure outlined in Elsevier’s Appeal Policy. Only one appeal per submission will be considered and the appeal decision will be final.
作者可以向编辑决策提出正式申诉，前提是申诉符合要求并遵循 Elsevier 申诉政策中规定的程序。每个投稿只能申诉一次，申诉决定为最终决定。

Special issues and article collections
专题特刊和文章集

The peer review process for special issues and article collections follows the same process as outlined above for regular submissions, except, a guest editor may send the submissions out to the reviewers and may recommend a decision to the journal editor. The journal editor oversees the peer review process of all special issues and article collections to ensure the high standards of publishing ethics and responsiveness are respected and is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles.
特刊和文章集的同行评审流程与上述常规投稿流程相同，但客座编辑可能会将投稿发送给审稿人，并可能向期刊编辑推荐决定。期刊编辑负责监督所有特刊和文章集的同行评审过程，以确保尊重出版伦理和响应性高标准，并对文章的接受或拒绝做出最终决定。

Open access 开放获取

We refer you to our open access information page to learn about open access options for this journal.
请参阅我们的开放获取信息页面，了解本刊的开放获取选项。

Ethics and policies 伦理与政策

Ethics in publishing 发表伦理

Authors must follow ethical guidelines stated in Elsevier's Publishing Ethics Policy.
作者必须遵循 Elsevier 出版道德规范中规定的道德准则。

Submission declaration 投稿声明

When authors submit an article to an Elsevier journal it is implied that:
当作者向 Elsevier 期刊投稿文章时，意味着：

the work described has not been published previously except in the form of a preprint, an abstract, a published lecture, academic thesis or registered report. See our policy on multiple, redundant or concurrent publication.
所描述的工作之前未以预印本、摘要、已发表讲座、学术论文或注册报告的形式发表。请参阅我们关于多重、冗余或同时发表的政策。
the article is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
该文章未在其他地方考虑出版。
the article's publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out.
文章的发表已获得所有作者及负责该工作所在地的相关权威机构的默许或明确同意。
if accepted, the article will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically, without the written consent of the copyright-holder.
如果被接受，该文章将不会以相同形式在其他地方发表，包括英文或其他任何语言，以及电子形式，除非获得版权所有者的书面同意。

To verify compliance with our journal publishing policies, we may check your manuscript with our screening tools.
为验证符合本刊出版政策，我们可能会使用我们的筛选工具检查您的稿件。

Authorship 作者身份

All authors should have made substantial contributions to all of the following:
所有作者都应对以下所有方面做出实质性贡献：

The conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data.
研究的构思和设计，或数据的获取，或数据的分析和解释。
Drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content.
撰写或批判性地修改文章的重要学术内容。
Final approval of the version to be submitted.
提交版本的最终批准。

Authors should appoint a corresponding author to communicate with the journal during the editorial process. All authors should agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work to ensure that the questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
作者应指定一位通讯作者与期刊在编辑过程中进行沟通。所有作者都应同意对工作的各个方面负责，以确保对工作任何部分的准确性或完整性的相关问题得到适当的调查和解决。

Changes to authorship 作者身份变更

The editors of this journal generally will not consider changes to authorship once a manuscript has been submitted. It is important that authors carefully consider the authorship list and order of authors and provide a definitive author list at original submission.
本刊编辑通常不会考虑在稿件提交后对作者署名的更改。作者在提交原稿时必须仔细考虑作者署名列表和作者顺序，并提供最终的作者名单。

The policy of this journal around authorship changes:
本刊关于作者署名变更的政策：

All authors must be listed in the manuscript and their details entered into the submission system.
所有作者必须列在稿件中，并将他们的详细信息输入到提交系统中。
Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should only be made prior to acceptance, and only if approved by the journal editor.
任何作者名单中作者姓名的添加、删除或重新排列，只能在稿件被接受之前进行，并且必须得到期刊编辑的批准。
Requests to change authorship should be made by the corresponding author, who must provide the reason for the request to the journal editor with written confirmation from all authors, including any authors being added or removed, that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement.
作者署名变更请求应由通讯作者提出，该作者必须向期刊编辑提供书面确认，说明变更请求的原因，并包括任何被添加或删除的作者，确认他们同意添加、删除或重新排列。
All requests to change authorship must be submitted using this form. Requests which do not comply with the instructions outlined in the form will not be considered.
所有更改作者身份的请求必须使用此表格提交。不符合表格中概述的指示的请求将不予考虑。
Only in exceptional circumstances will the journal editor consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors post acceptance.
只有在特殊情况下，期刊编辑才会考虑在文章接受后添加、删除或重新排列作者。
Publication of the manuscript may be paused while a change in authorship request is being considered.
手稿在考虑作者变更请求期间可能会暂停发表。
Any authorship change requests approved by the journal editor will result in a corrigendum if the manuscript has already been published.
任何经期刊编辑批准的作者变更请求，如果稿件已经发表，将导致勘误。
Any unauthorised authorship changes may result in the rejection of the article, or retraction, if the article has already been published.
任何未经授权的作者变更可能会导致文章被拒绝，或者如果文章已经发表，则可能被撤回。

Declaration of competing interests
利益冲突声明

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence or bias their work. Examples of potential competing interests include:
所有作者必须披露与任何可能不恰当地影响或偏袒其工作的个人或其他组织之间的财务和个人关系。潜在的利益冲突示例包括：

Employment 就业
Consultancies 咨询公司
Stock ownership 股权拥有
Honoraria 稿酬
Paid expert testimony 付费专家证词
Patent applications or registrations
专利申请或注册
Grants or any other funding
奖学金或其他资助

The declarations tool should always be completed.
声明工具应始终完成。

Authors with no competing interests to declare should select the option, "I have nothing to declare".
无需声明利益冲突的作者应选择“我无利益冲突”选项。

The resulting Word document containing your declaration should be uploaded at the "attach/upload files" step in the submission process. It is important that the Word document is saved in the .doc/.docx file format. Author signatures are not required.
您的声明结果应保存为 Word 文档，并在提交过程中的“附件/上传文件”步骤上传。请确保 Word 文档保存为.doc/.docx 格式。无需作者签名。

Funding sources 资金来源

Authors must disclose any funding sources who provided financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article. The role of sponsors, if any, should be declared in relation to the study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, writing of the report and decision to submit the article for publication. If funding sources had no such involvement this should be stated in your submission.
作者必须披露为研究进行和/或文章准备提供财务支持的任何资金来源。如果有的话，赞助者的角色应与研究设计、数据收集、分析和解释、报告撰写以及决定提交文章发表有关。如果资金来源没有此类参与，应在您的投稿中说明。

List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder's requirements:
列出资金来源，按照这种方式列出，以方便符合资助者的要求：

Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].
资助：本研究得到了美国国立卫生研究院[资助编号 xxxx, yyyy]；华盛顿州西雅图的比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会[资助编号 zzzz]；以及美国和平研究所[资助编号 aaaa]的支持。

It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or type of grants, scholarships and awards. When funding is from a block grant or other resources available to a university, college, or other research institution, submit the name of the institute or organization that provided the funding.
无需包含关于项目或资助、奖学金和奖项的详细描述。当资金来自块状资助或其他大学、学院或其他研究机构可用的资源时，提交提供资金的机构或组织名称。

If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following sentence:
如果研究未获得资助，建议包含以下句子：

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
这项研究未从公共、商业或非营利部门的资助机构获得任何特定资助。

Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing
科学写作中生成式人工智能的声明

Authors must declare the use of generative AI in scientific writing upon submission of the paper. The following guidance refers only to the writing process, and not to the use of AI tools to analyse and draw insights from data as part of the research process:
作者必须在论文提交时声明在科学写作中使用生成式 AI。以下指南仅适用于写作过程，并不涉及在研究过程中使用 AI 工具分析和从数据中提取见解：

Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies should only be used in the writing process to improve the readability and language of the manuscript.
生成式 AI 和 AI 辅助技术仅应在写作过程中使用，以提高手稿的可读性和语言质量。
The technology must be applied with human oversight and control and authors should carefully review and edit the result, as AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete or biased. Authors are ultimately responsible and accountable for the contents of the work.
技术必须在人监督和控制下应用，作者应仔细审查和编辑结果，因为人工智能可以生成听起来权威的输出，但可能是不正确、不完整或存在偏见的。作者最终对作品内容负责。
Authors must not list or cite AI and AI-assisted technologies as an author or co-author on the manuscript since authorship implies responsibilities and tasks that can only be attributed to and performed by humans.
作者不得在稿件中将人工智能和人工智能辅助技术列为作者或合著者，因为作者身份意味着只能归因于并由人类承担的责任和任务。

The use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in scientific writing must be declared by adding a statement at the end of the manuscript when the paper is first submitted. The statement will appear in the published work and should be placed in a new section before the references list. An example:
在首次提交论文时，必须声明在科学写作中使用生成式 AI 和 AI 辅助技术，需在稿件末尾添加声明。该声明将出现在已发表的作品中，并应放置在参考文献列表之前的新章节中。示例：

Title of new section: Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process.
新章节标题：声明在写作过程中使用生成式 AI 和 AI 辅助技术。
Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] in order to [REASON]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the published article.
声明：在准备本作品期间，作者（们）使用了[工具/服务名称]以[原因]。使用此工具/服务后，作者（们）根据需要审查和编辑了内容，并对已发表文章的内容承担全部责任。

The declaration does not apply to the use of basic tools, such as tools used to check grammar, spelling and references. If you have nothing to disclose, you do not need to add a statement.
声明不适用于基本工具的使用，例如用于检查语法、拼写和参考文献的工具。如果您没有需要披露的内容，则无需添加声明。

Please read Elsevier’s author policy on the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies, which can be found in our GenAI Policies for journals.
请阅读 Elsevier 关于使用生成式 AI 和 AI 辅助技术的作者政策，该政策可在我们的期刊 GenAI 政策中找到。

Please note: to protect authors’ rights and the confidentiality of their research, this journal does not currently allow the use of generative AI or AI-assisted technologies such as ChatGPT or similar services by reviewers or editors in the peer review and manuscript evaluation process, as is stated in our GenAI Policies for journals. We are actively evaluating compliant AI tools and may revise this policy in the future.
注意：为保护作者的权利和其研究的机密性，本刊目前不允许审稿人或编辑在同行评审和稿件评估过程中使用生成式 AI 或 AI 辅助技术，如 ChatGPT 或类似服务，如期刊 GenAI 政策所述。我们正在积极评估符合规定的 AI 工具，并可能在将来修订此政策。

Preprints 预印本

Preprint sharing 预印本分享

Authors may share preprints in line with Elsevier's article sharing policy. Sharing preprints, such as on a preprint server, will not count as prior publication.
作者可以按照爱思唯尔的文章分享政策分享预印本。在预印本服务器上分享预印本不会算作先前发表。

We advise you to read our policy on multiple, redundant or concurrent publication.
我们建议您阅读我们关于多重、冗余或同时发表的政策。

Use of inclusive language
使用包容性语言

Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Authors should ensure their work uses inclusive language throughout and contains nothing which might imply one individual is superior to another on the grounds of:
包容性语言承认多样性，向所有人传达尊重，对差异敏感，并促进平等机会。作者应确保其作品在整个过程中使用包容性语言，并包含没有任何可能暗示某个人在以下方面优于另一个人的内容：

age 年龄
gender 性别
race 比赛
ethnicity 民族
culture 文化
sexual orientation 性取向
disability or health condition
残疾或健康状况

We recommend avoiding the use of descriptors about personal attributes unless they are relevant and valid. Write for gender neutrality with the use of plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") as default. Wherever possible, avoid using "he, she," or "he/she."
建议避免使用关于个人属性的描述符，除非它们相关且有效。默认使用复数名词（“医生、病人/客户”）以实现性别中立。尽可能避免使用“他、她”或“他/她”。

No assumptions should be made about the beliefs of readers and writing should be free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to dominant culture and/or cultural assumptions.
不应假设读者的信仰，写作应无偏见、无成见、无俚语、无对主流文化及/或文化假设的提及。

These guidelines are meant as a point of reference to help you identify appropriate language but are by no means exhaustive or definitive.
这些指南旨在作为参考点，帮助您确定合适的语言，但绝不是详尽无遗或具有决定性的。

Reporting sex- and gender-based analyses
报告基于性别和性别的分析

There is no single, universally agreed-upon set of guidelines for defining sex and gender. We offer the following guidance:
没有一套被普遍认可的、用于定义性别和性别的指南。我们提供以下指导：

Sex and gender-based analyses (SGBA) should be integrated into research design when research involves or pertains to humans, animals or eukaryotic cells. This should be done in accordance with any requirements set by funders or sponsors and best practices within a field.
当研究涉及或与人类、动物或真核细胞相关时，应将基于性别和性别的分析（SGBA）纳入研究设计。这应遵循资助者或赞助商设定的任何要求以及该领域的最佳实践。
Sex and/or gender dimensions of the research should be addressed within the article or declared as a limitation to the generalizability of the research.
文章中应解决研究中的性别和/或性别维度，或将其声明为研究普遍适用性的限制。
Definitions of sex and/or gender applied should be explicitly stated to enhance the precision, rigor and reproducibility of the research and to avoid ambiguity or conflation of terms and the constructs to which they refer.
应明确陈述所应用的性别和/或性别的定义，以提高研究的精确性、严谨性和可重复性，并避免术语及其所指概念的模糊或混淆。

We advise you to read the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines and the SAGER checklist (PDF) on the EASE website, which offer systematic approaches to the use of sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, outcome reporting and research interpretation.
建议您阅读 EASE 网站上的《研究中的性别与性别平等指南》（SAGER）和 SAGER 清单（PDF），这些指南提供了在研究设计、数据分析、结果报告和研究解释中使用性别信息的系统方法。

For further information we suggest reading the rationale behind and recommended use of the SAGER guidelines.
关于更多信息，我们建议阅读 SAGER 指南背后的理由和推荐使用方法。

Definitions of sex and/or gender
性别和/或性别的定义

We ask authors to define how sex and gender have been used in their research and publication. Some guidance:
我们要求作者定义他们在研究和出版物中如何使用性别和性别。以下是一些指导：

Sex generally refers to a set of biological attributes that are associated with physical and physiological features such as chromosomal genotype, hormonal levels, internal and external anatomy. A binary sex categorization (male/female) is usually designated at birth ("sex assigned at birth") and is in most cases based solely on the visible external anatomy of a newborn. In reality, sex categorizations include people who are intersex/have differences of sex development (DSD).
性别通常指与染色体基因型、激素水平、内部和外部解剖结构等生理和生理特征相关的一系列生物属性。二元的性别分类（男性/女性）通常在出生时确定（“出生时分配的性别”）并且在大多数情况下仅基于新生儿的可见外部解剖结构。实际上，性别分类包括间性/性别发育差异（DSD）的人。
Gender generally refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors and identities of women, men and gender-diverse people that occur in a historical and cultural context and may vary across societies and over time. Gender influences how people view themselves and each other, how they behave and interact and how power is distributed in society.
性别通常指在历史和文化背景下形成的女性、男性以及跨性别人群的社会构建角色、行为和身份，这些可能因社会和时间而异。性别影响人们如何看待自己和他人，他们的行为和互动方式，以及社会中的权力分配。

Jurisdictional claims 管辖权主张

Elsevier respects the decisions taken by its authors as to how they choose to designate territories and identify their affiliations in their published content. Elsevier’s policy is to take a neutral position with respect to territorial disputes or jurisdictional claims, including, but not limited to, maps and institutional affiliations. For journals that Elsevier publishes on behalf of a third party owner, the owner may set its own policy on these issues.
爱思唯尔尊重作者对其在发表内容中选择如何指定地区和识别其所属机构的决定。爱思唯尔的政策是在领土争端或司法权主张方面采取中立立场，包括但不限于地图和机构归属。对于爱思唯尔代表第三方所有者出版的期刊，所有者可以自行制定这些问题上的政策。

Maps: Readers should be able to locate any study areas shown within maps using common mapping platforms. Maps should only show the area actually studied and authors should not include a location map which displays a larger area than the bounding box of the study area. Authors should add a note clearly stating that "map lines delineate study areas and do not necessarily depict accepted national boundaries”. During the review process, Elsevier’s editors may request authors to change maps if these guidelines are not followed.
地图：读者应能够使用常见的地图平台定位地图中显示的任何研究区域。地图应仅显示实际研究区域，作者不应包含显示比研究区域边界框更大的区域的定位地图。作者应添加一个明确声明“地图线界定研究区域，并不一定代表被接受的国家边界”的注释。在审稿过程中，Elsevier 的编辑可能会要求作者更改地图，如果这些指南没有得到遵循。
Institutional affiliations: Authors should use either the full, standard title of their institution or the standard abbreviation of the institutional name so that the institutional name can be independently verified for research integrity purposes.
机构归属：作者应使用其机构的完整标准名称或机构名称的标准缩写，以便独立验证机构名称，用于研究诚信目的。

Studies in humans 人类研究

Authors must follow ethical guidelines for studies carried out in humans.
作者必须遵循在人类研究中进行的伦理准则。

Work which involves the use of human subjects should be carried out in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects.
涉及人类受试者的工作应遵循世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言：涉及人类受试者的医学研究伦理准则。

Manuscripts should follow the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommendations for the conduct, reporting, editing and publication of scholarly work in medical journals and aim to be representative of human populations in terms of sex, age and ethnicity. Sex and gender terms should be used correctly, as outlined by WHO (World Health Organization).
论文应遵循国际医学期刊编辑委员会（ICMJE）关于在医学期刊中开展、报告、编辑和发表学术工作的建议，并在性别、年龄和种族方面代表人类群体。应正确使用性别和性别术语，如世界卫生组织（WHO）所述。

Manuscripts must include a statement that all procedures were performed in compliance with relevant laws and institutional guidelines and have been approved by the appropriate institutional committee(s). The statement should contain the date and reference number of the ethical approval(s) obtained.
论文必须包含声明，所有程序均符合相关法律和机构指南，并已获得适当的机构委员会的批准。该声明应包含伦理批准的日期和参考编号。

Manuscripts must also include a statement that the privacy rights of human subjects have been observed and that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects.
稿件还必须包括声明，已遵守人类受试者的隐私权，并已获得对人类受试者进行实验的知情同意。

This journal will not accept manuscripts that contain data derived from unethically sourced organs or tissue, including from executed prisoners or prisoners of conscience, consistent with recommendations by Global Rights Compliance on Mitigating Human Rights Risks in Transplantation Medicine. For all studies that use human organs or tissues, sufficient evidence must be provided that these were procured in line with WHO Guiding Principles on Human Cell, Tissue and Organ Transplantation. For clinical studies, a statement of informed consent having been obtained from a patient or their nominated representative, paired with ethical approval for the study from a suitable institution, as required by the policies of the journal, may be considered sufficient evidence, but the journal reserves the right to request additional evidence in cases where it feels this is not sufficient. The source of the organs or tissues used in clinical research must be transparent and traceable. If your manuscript describes organ transplantation you must additionally declare within the manuscript that:
本期刊不接受包含从非道德来源获取的器官或组织数据的手稿，包括来自被处决的囚犯或良心犯，符合全球权利合规在移植医学中减轻人权风险的建议。对于所有使用人类器官或组织的研究，必须提供充分证据，证明这些器官或组织是根据世界卫生组织关于人体细胞、组织和器官移植的指导原则获得的。对于临床研究，如果期刊政策要求，可以从患者或其指定的代表处获得知情同意的声明，以及从合适的机构获得的伦理批准，这可以被视为充分证据，但期刊保留在认为这些证据不足的情况下要求额外证据的权利。用于临床研究的器官或组织的来源必须透明且可追溯。如果您的手稿描述器官移植，您还必须在手稿中声明：

autonomous consent free from coercion was obtained from the donor(s) or their next of kin.
自主且无强制性的同意已从捐赠者或其亲属处获得。
organs and/or tissues were not sourced from executed prisoners or prisoners of conscience.
器官和/或组织并非来自被处决的囚犯或良心犯。

Writing and formatting 写作与格式化

File format 文件格式

We ask you to provide editable source files for your entire submission (including figures, tables and text graphics). Some guidelines:
我们要求您提供整个投稿的可编辑源文件（包括图表、表格和文本图形）。以下是一些指南：

Save files in an editable format, using the extension .doc/.docx for Word files and .tex for LaTeX files. A PDF is not an acceptable source file.
将文件保存为可编辑格式，使用 Word 文件扩展名.doc/.docx 和 LaTeX 文件扩展名.tex。PDF 不是可接受的源文件。
Lay out text in a single-column format.
以单栏格式排版文本。
Remove any strikethrough and underlined text from your manuscript, unless it has scientific significance related to your article.
从您的稿件中删除任何删除线或下划线文本，除非它与您的文章有科学意义。
Use spell-check and grammar-check functions to avoid errors.
使用拼写检查和语法检查功能以避免错误。

We advise you to read our Step-by-step guide to publishing with Elsevier.
我们建议您阅读我们的“Elsevier 出版步骤指南”。

Title page 标题页

You are required to include the following details in the title page information:
您必须在标题页信息中包含以下细节：

Article title. Article titles should be concise and informative. Please avoid abbreviations and formulae, where possible, unless they are established and widely understood, e.g., DNA).
文章标题。文章标题应简洁、信息丰富。尽可能避免使用缩写和公式，除非它们是公认的且广为人知，例如 DNA）。
Author names. Provide the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author. The order of authors should match the order in the submission system. Carefully check that all names are accurately spelled. If needed, you can add your name between parentheses in your own script after the English transliteration.
作者姓名。请提供每位作者的给定名（们）和姓氏。作者的顺序应与提交系统中的顺序一致。请仔细检查所有姓名是否拼写准确。如有需要，您可以在自己的脚注中用括号添加您的姓名，之后是英文转写。
Affiliations. Add affiliation addresses, referring to where the work was carried out, below the author names. Indicate affiliations using a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the corresponding address. Ensure that you provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, the email address of each author.
作者单位。在作者姓名下方添加单位地址，指明工作完成地点。在作者姓名后立即使用小写上标字母标明单位，并在相应地址之前。确保您提供每个单位的完整邮政地址，包括国名，如有作者邮箱，也请提供。
Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence for your article at all stages of the refereeing and publication process and also post-publication. This responsibility includes answering any future queries about your results, data, methodology and materials. It is important that the email address and contact details of your corresponding author are kept up to date during the submission and publication process.
对应作者。在审稿和出版过程的各个阶段，以及出版后，明确指出谁将负责处理您的文章的通信。这项责任包括回答关于您的研究结果、数据、方法和材料等方面的任何未来查询。在投稿和出版过程中，确保您对应作者的电子邮件地址和联系信息保持最新。
Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in your article was carried out, or the author was visiting during that time, a "present address" (or "permanent address") can be indicated by a footnote to the author's name. The address where the author carried out the work must be retained as their main affiliation address. Use superscript Arabic numerals for such footnotes.
当前/永久地址。如果作者在您文章中描述的工作完成期间已搬迁，或当时正在访问，可以通过作者姓名的脚注来标注“当前地址”（或“永久地址”）。作者进行工作的地址必须保留为其主要隶属地址。使用上标阿拉伯数字表示此类脚注。

Abstract 摘要

You are required to provide a concise and factual abstract which does not exceed 250 words. The abstract should briefly state the purpose of your research, principal results and major conclusions. Some guidelines:
您必须提供一份简洁、客观的摘要，字数不超过 250 字。摘要应简要说明您的研究目的、主要结果和主要结论。以下是一些指南：

Abstracts must be able to stand alone as abstracts are often presented separately from the article.
摘要应能独立存在，因为摘要通常与文章分开进行展示。
Avoid references. If any are essential to include, ensure that you cite the author(s) and year(s).
避免引用，如果必须包含，请确保引用作者和年份。
Avoid non-standard or uncommon abbreviations. If any are essential to include, ensure they are defined within your abstract at first mention.
避免使用非标准或罕见的缩写。如果必须包含，请确保在摘要中首次提及时进行定义。

Keywords 关键词

You are required to provide 1 to 7 keywords for indexing purposes. Keywords should be written in English. Please try to avoid keywords consisting of multiple words (using "and" or "of").
您需要提供 1 至 7 个关键词以供索引。关键词应使用英文书写。请尽量避免使用由多个单词组成的（使用“和”或“的”）关键词。

We recommend that you only use abbreviations in keywords if they are firmly established in the field.
我们建议您只有在领域内已经牢固确立的情况下才在关键词中使用缩写。

Highlights 突出显示

You are required to provide article highlights at submission.
您在投稿时必须提供文章亮点。

Highlights are a short collection of bullet points that should capture the novel results of your research as well as any new methods used during your study. Highlights will help increase the discoverability of your article via search engines. Some guidelines:
要点是一系列简短的要点，应捕捉您研究中的新颖结果以及您在研究过程中使用的新方法。要点将有助于通过搜索引擎提高您文章的可发现性。一些指南：

Submit highlights as a separate editable file in the online submission system with the word "highlights" included in the file name.
在在线投稿系统中提交摘要，文件名中包含“摘要”字样。
Highlights should consist of 3 to 5 bullet points, each a maximum of 85 characters, including spaces.
摘要应包含 3 至 5 个要点，每个要点最多 85 个字符，包括空格。

We encourage you to view example article highlights and read about the benefits of their inclusion.
我们鼓励您查看示例文章摘要并了解其包含的好处。

Graphical abstract 图形摘要

You are required to provide a graphical abstract at submission.
提交时必须提供一幅图形摘要。

The graphical abstract should summarize the contents of your article in a concise, pictorial form which is designed to capture the attention of a wide readership. A graphical abstract will help draw more attention to your online article and support readers in digesting your research. Some guidelines:
图示摘要应简要、直观地总结您文章的内容，旨在吸引广泛的读者关注。图示摘要有助于吸引更多关注您的在线文章，并帮助读者消化您的研究。以下是一些指南：

Submit your graphical abstract as a separate file in the online submission system.
请将您的图形摘要作为单独的文件提交到在线投稿系统中。
Ensure the image is a minimum of 531 x 1328 pixels (h x w) or proportionally more and is readable at a size of 5 x 13 cm using a regular screen resolution of 96 dpi.
确保图片至少为 531 x 1328 像素（高 x 宽）或按比例更大，并且在使用 96 dpi 常规屏幕分辨率时，以 5 x 13 厘米的尺寸可读。
Our preferred file types for graphical abstracts are TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files.
我们首选的图形摘要文件类型为 TIFF、EPS、PDF 或 MS Office 文件。

We encourage you to view example graphical abstracts and read about the benefits of including them.
我们鼓励您查看示例图形摘要并了解包含它们的益处。

Tables 表格

Tables must be submitted as editable text, not as images. Some guidelines:
表格必须以可编辑的文本形式提交，而不是以图片形式。以下是一些指南：

Place tables next to the relevant text or on a separate page(s) at the end of your article.
将表格置于相关文本旁边或作为单独的页面（们）置于文章末尾。
Cite all tables in the manuscript text.
在稿件文本中引用所有表格。
Number tables consecutively according to their appearance in the text.
按照在文本中出现的顺序连续编号表格。
Please provide captions along with the tables.
请为表格提供标题。
Place any table notes below the table body.
将任何表格注释放在表格主体下方。
Avoid vertical rules and shading within table cells.
避免在表格单元格中使用垂直线和阴影。

We recommend that you use tables sparingly, ensuring that any data presented in tables is not duplicating results described elsewhere in the article.
建议您谨慎使用表格，确保表格中的任何数据不与文章其他部分描述的结果重复。

Figures, images and artwork
图表、图像和艺术品

Figures, images, artwork, diagrams and other graphical media must be supplied as separate files along with the manuscript. We recommend that you read our detailed artwork and media instructions. Some excerpts:
图表、图像、艺术品、图表以及其他图形媒体必须作为单独的文件与稿件一起提供。我们建议您阅读我们详细的图形和媒体说明。部分摘录：

When submitting artwork: 提交艺术品时：

Cite all images in the manuscript text.
在稿件正文中引用所有图片。
Number images according to the sequence they appear within your article.
按照图像在文章中出现的顺序编号。
Submit each image as a separate file using a logical naming convention for your files (for example, Figure_1, Figure_2 etc).
请将每张图片作为单独的文件提交，并使用逻辑命名规范命名文件（例如，Figure_1，Figure_2 等）。
Please provide captions for all figures, images, and artwork.
请为所有图表、图像和艺术品提供标题。
Text graphics may be embedded in the text at the appropriate position. If you are working with LaTeX, text graphics may also be embedded in the file.
文本图形可以嵌入到文本的适当位置。如果您使用 LaTeX，文本图形也可以嵌入到文件中。

Artwork formats 艺术品格式

When your artwork is finalized, "save as" or convert your electronic artwork to the formats listed below taking into account the given resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations:
当您的艺术品完成时，请根据以下分辨率要求将电子艺术品保存为“另存为”或转换为以下格式：

Vector drawings: Save as EPS or PDF files embedding the font or saving the text as "graphics."
矢量图：保存为 EPS 或 PDF 文件，嵌入字体或将文本保存为“图形。”
Color or grayscale photographs (halftones): Save as TIFF, JPG or PNG files using a minimum of 300 dpi (for single column: min. 1063 pixels, full page width: 2244 pixels).
彩色或灰度照片（半色调）：保存为 TIFF、JPG 或 PNG 文件，使用至少 300 dpi（单栏：至少 1063 像素，全页宽度：2244 像素）。
Bitmapped line drawings: Save as TIFF, JPG or PNG files using a minimum of 1000 dpi (for single column: min. 3543 pixels, full page width: 7480 pixels).
位图线图：保存为 TIFF、JPG 或 PNG 文件，使用至少 1000 dpi（单栏：至少 3543 像素，全页宽度：7480 像素）。
Combinations bitmapped line/halftones (color or grayscale): Save as TIFF, JPG or PNG files using a minimum of 500 dpi (for single column: min. 1772 pixels, full page width: 3740 pixels).
位图组合线/半色调（彩色或灰度）：以至少 500 dpi 保存为 TIFF、JPG 或 PNG 文件（单栏：至少 1772 像素，全页宽度：3740 像素）。

Please do not submit: 请勿提交：

files that are too low in resolution (for example, files optimized for screen use such as GIF, BMP, PICT or WPG files).
分辨率太低的文件（例如，针对屏幕使用的优化文件，如 GIF、BMP、PICT 或 WPG 文件）。
disproportionally large images compared to font size, as text may become unreadable.
与字体大小不成比例的大图像，文本可能难以阅读。

Figure captions 图表标题

All images must have a caption. A caption should consist of a brief title (not displayed on the figure itself) and a description of the image. We advise you to keep the amount of text in any image to a minimum, though any symbols and abbreviations used should be explained.
所有图像都必须有标题。标题应包括一个简短的标题（不在图本身上显示）和图像的描述。我们建议您将任何图像中的文本量保持在最低限度，尽管任何使用的符号和缩写都应该得到解释。

Provide captions in a separate file.
请将标题提供在单独的文件中。

Color artwork 彩色插图

If you submit usable color figures with your accepted article, we will ensure that they appear in color online.
如果您提交可用的彩色图像与您的已接受文章一起，我们将确保它们在线以彩色显示。

Please ensure that color images are accessible to all, including those with impaired color vision. Learn more about color and web accessibility.
请确保彩色图像对所有用户都可用，包括色觉受损的用户。了解更多关于颜色和网站可访问性的信息。

Generative AI and Figures, images and artwork
生成式 AI 与图表、图像和艺术品

Please read our policy on the use of generative AI and AI-assisted tools in figures, images and artwork, which can be found in Elsevier’s GenAI Policies for Journals. This policy states:
请阅读我们关于在图表、图像和艺术品中使用生成式 AI 和 AI 辅助工具的政策，该政策可在《Elsevier 期刊的生成式 AI 政策》中找到。该政策规定：

We do not permit the use of Generative AI or AI-assisted tools to create or alter images in submitted manuscripts.
我们不允许使用生成式 AI 或 AI 辅助工具创建或修改提交的稿件中的图像。
The only exception is if the use of AI or AI-assisted tools is part of the research design or methods (for example, in the field of biomedical imaging). If this is the case, such use must be described in a reproducible manner in the methods section, including the name of the model or tool, version and extension numbers, and manufacturer.
唯一例外是，如果人工智能或人工智能辅助工具是研究设计或方法的一部分（例如，在生物医学成像领域）。如果是这种情况，这种使用必须在方法部分以可重复的方式描述，包括模型或工具的名称、版本和扩展号以及制造商。
The use of generative AI or AI-assisted tools in the production of artwork such as for graphical abstracts is not permitted. The use of generative AI in the production of cover art may in some cases be allowed, if the author obtains prior permission from the journal editor and publisher, can demonstrate that all necessary rights have been cleared for the use of the relevant material, and ensures that there is correct content attribution.
生成式 AI 或 AI 辅助工具在制作艺术品（如图形摘要）中的使用是不允许的。在某些情况下，如果作者获得期刊编辑和出版商的预先许可，并能证明已为相关材料的用途清除了所有必要权利，并确保正确的内容归属，则可以使用生成式 AI 制作封面艺术。

Supplementary material 补充材料

We encourage the use of supplementary materials such as applications, images and sound clips to enhance research. Some guidelines:
我们鼓励使用补充材料，如应用程序、图像和音频剪辑来增强研究。以下是一些指南：

Supplementary material should be accurate and relevant to the research.
补充材料应准确且与研究相关。
Cite all supplementary files in the manuscript text.
在稿件正文中引用所有补充文件。
Submit supplementary materials at the same time as your article. Be aware that all supplementary materials provided will appear online in the exact same file type as received. These files will not be formatted or typeset by the production team.
请与您的文章同时提交补充材料。请注意，提供的所有补充材料将以接收到的确切文件类型在线显示。这些文件将由生产团队进行格式化和排版。
Include a concise, descriptive caption for each supplementary file describing its content.
为每个补充文件添加一个简洁、描述性的标题，说明其内容。
Provide updated files if at any stage of the publication process you wish to make changes to submitted supplementary materials.
如果在出版过程中需要更改提交的补充材料，请提供更新后的文件。
Do not make annotations or corrections to a previous version of a supplementary file.
不要对补充文件的先前版本进行标注或更正。
Switch off the option to track changes in Microsoft Office files. If tracked changes are left on, they will appear in your published version.
关闭 Microsoft Office 文件中跟踪更改的选项。如果保留跟踪更改，它们将出现在您的出版版本中。

Video 视频

This journal accepts video material and animation sequences to support and enhance your scientific research. We encourage you to include links to video or animation files within articles. Some guidelines:
本期刊接受视频材料和动画序列以支持和增强您的科学研究。我们鼓励您在文章中包含视频或动画文件的链接。以下是一些指南：

When including video or animation file links within your article, refer to the video or animation content by adding a note in your text where the file should be placed.
在您的文章中包含视频或动画文件链接时，请通过在文本中添加注释来引用视频或动画内容，说明文件应放置的位置。
Clearly label files ensuring the given file name is directly related to the file content.
明确标记文件，确保文件名与文件内容直接相关。
Provide files in one of our recommended file formats. Files should be within our preferred maximum file size of 150 MB per file, 1 GB in total.
请提供我们推荐的文件格式之一。文件大小应在我们的推荐最大文件大小 150 MB/文件，总大小 1 GB 以内。
Provide "stills" for each of your files. These will be used as standard icons to personalize the link to your video data. You can choose any frame from your video or animation or make a separate image.
为每个文件提供“静态图像”。这些图像将被用作标准图标，以个性化您的视频数据链接。您可以从视频或动画中选取任何帧，或者制作一个单独的图像。
Provide text (for both the electronic and the print version) to be placed in the portions of your article that refer to the video content. This is essential text, as video and animation files cannot be embedded in the print version of the journal.
请提供文本（适用于电子版和印刷版），用于放置在文章中提及视频内容的部分。这是必需的文本，因为视频和动画文件不能嵌入到期刊的印刷版中。

We publish all video and animation files supplied in the electronic version of your article.
我们将出版您文章电子版中提供的所有视频和动画文件。

For more detailed instructions, we recommend that you read our guidelines on submitting video content to be included in the body of an article.
如需更详细的说明，我们建议您阅读我们关于提交视频内容以包含在文章正文中的指南。

Research data 研究数据

We are committed to supporting the storage of, access to and discovery of research data, and our research data policy sets out the principles guiding how we work with the research community to support a more efficient and transparent research process.
我们致力于支持存储、访问和发现研究数据，我们的研究数据政策阐述了指导我们如何与科研界合作以支持更高效、更透明的研究过程的准则。

Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings, which may also include software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.
研究数据是指验证研究发现的观察或实验结果，可能还包括软件、代码、模型、算法、协议、方法以及与项目相关的其他有用材料。

Please read our guidelines on sharing research data for more information on depositing, sharing and using research data and other relevant research materials.
请阅读我们关于共享研究数据的指南，以获取有关存档、共享和使用研究数据以及其他相关研究材料的更多信息。

For this journal, the following instructions from our research data guidelines apply.
对于本期刊，以下是我们研究数据指南中的指示。

Option C: Research data deposit, citation and linking
选项 C：研究数据存档、引用和链接

You are required to: 您需要：

Deposit your research data in a relevant data repository.
将您的研究数据存放在相关的数据存储库中。
Cite and link to this dataset in your article.
在您的文章中引用并链接到这个数据集。
If this is not possible, make a statement explaining why research data cannot be shared.
如果这不可能，请说明为什么研究数据不能共享。

Data statement 数据声明

To foster transparency, you are required to state the availability of any data at submission.
为了促进透明度，您需要在投稿时声明数据的可用性。

Ensuring data is available may be a requirement of your funding body or institution. If your data is unavailable to access or unsuitable to post, you can state the reason why (e.g., your research data includes sensitive or confidential information such as patient data) during the submission process. This statement will appear with your published article on ScienceDirect.
确保数据可用可能是您资助机构或机构的要求。如果您的数据无法访问或不适于发布，您可以在投稿过程中说明原因（例如，您的数据包含敏感或机密信息，如患者数据）。此声明将与您的发表文章一起出现在 ScienceDirect 上。

Read more about the importance and benefits of providing a data statement.
了解更多关于提供数据声明的意义和好处。

Data linking 数据链接

Linking to the data underlying your work increases your exposure and may lead to new collaborations. It also provides readers with a better understanding of the described research.
将您的研究数据链接起来可以增加您的曝光度，并可能导致新的合作。这也有助于读者更好地理解所描述的研究。

If your research data has been made available in a data repository there are a number of ways your article can be linked directly to the dataset:
如果您的研究数据已在数据存储库中提供，您的文章可以以多种方式直接链接到数据集：

Provide a link to your dataset when prompted during the online submission process.
在在线投稿过程中，根据提示提供您数据集的链接。
For some data repositories, a repository banner will automatically appear next to your published article on ScienceDirect.
对于某些数据存储库，存储库横幅将自动出现在 ScienceDirect 上您发表的论文旁边。
You can also link relevant data or entities within the text of your article through the use of identifiers. Use the following format: Database: 12345 (e.g. TAIR: AT1G01020; CCDC: 734053; PDB: 1XFN).
您也可以通过使用标识符在文章文本中链接相关数据或实体。请使用以下格式：数据库：12345（例如：TAIR：AT1G01020；CCDC：734053；PDB：1XFN）。

Learn more about linking research data and research articles in ScienceDirect.
在 ScienceDirect 上了解更多关于链接研究数据和文章的信息。

Data in Brief and MethodsX: co-submission
Data in Brief 和 MethodsX：共同提交

You are encouraged to publish research data, methods or protocols related to your manuscript as a co-submission article in Data in Brief or MethodsX. By publishing a co-submission, you further advance research reproducibility, interoperability, and open science. In case both your original research article and your co-submission article(s) get accepted for publication, they will be linked together on ScienceDirect.
鼓励您将与研究手稿相关的数据、方法或协议作为联合投稿文章发表在 Data in Brief 或 MethodsX 上。通过发表联合投稿，您可以进一步推动研究的可重复性、互操作性和开放科学。如果您的原始研究文章和联合投稿文章（如果有的话）被接受发表，它们将在 ScienceDirect 上相互链接。

When submitting your original research article, please follow the co-submission process active for this journal:
提交您的原始研究文章时，请遵循本期刊的联合投稿流程：

Describe the research data, methods or protocols in a separate paper to be considered for publication in Data in Brief or in MethodsX.
描述研究数据、方法或方案，以供《Data in Brief》或《MethodsX》发表考虑的单独论文。
Adhere to one of the following submission templates:
遵循以下提交模板之一：
- Data article template (Data in Brief)
  数据文章模板（Data in Brief）
- Methods article template (MethodsX)
  方法文章模板（MethodsX）
- Protocol article template (MethodsX)
  协议文章模板（MethodsX）
Online submission of your co-submission article:
在线提交您的合著文章：
- When you upload the files for your original research article, in the ‘Attach Files’ step in the Editorial Manager submission process, please also upload the file(s) for your co-submission.
  当您上传您原始研究文章的文件时，在编辑管理系统提交过程中的“附件文件”步骤，请同时上传您共同提交的文件（们）。
- Please select ‘Data in Brief’ or ‘MethodsX’ from the ‘Select Item Type’ drop-down menu when you upload your co-submission file(s).
  请在上传您的共同提交文件时，从“选择项目类型”下拉菜单中选择“Data in Brief”或“MethodsX”。
- Submit your co-submission file(s) as a Word document.
  将您的共同提交文件作为 Word 文档提交。

Article structure 文章结构

Article sections 文章部分

Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Number subsections 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), then 1.2, etc.
将您的文章分为明确编号的章节。副章节编号为 1.1（然后是 1.1.1、1.1.2 等），然后是 1.2 等。
Use the numbering format when cross-referencing within your article. Do not just refer to "the text."
在文章中交叉引用时请使用编号格式。不要仅仅提到“文本。”
You may give subsections a brief heading. Headings should appear on a separate line.
您可以为小节提供简短的标题。标题应单独占一行。
Do not include the article abstract within section numbering.
不要将文章摘要包含在章节编号中。

Theory and calculation 理论与计算

The theory section should lay the foundation for further work by extending the background you provided in the introduction to your article. The calculation section should represent a practical development from a theoretical basis.
理论部分应为基础工作奠定基础，通过扩展你在引言中提供的背景来进一步阐述。计算部分应从理论基础上进行实际发展。

Glossary 术语表

Please provide definitions of field-specific terms used in your article, in a separate list.
请在单独的列表中提供你在文章中使用到的专业术语的定义。

Acknowledgements 致谢

Include any individuals who provided you with help during your research, such as help with language, writing or proof reading, in the acknowledgements section. Acknowledgements should be placed in a separate section which appears directly before the reference list. Do not include acknowledgements on your title page, as a footnote to your title, or anywhere else in your article other than in the separate acknowledgements section.
在致谢部分包括在研究过程中提供帮助的个人，例如语言、写作或校对方面的帮助。致谢应放在单独的部分，并直接位于参考文献列表之前。不要在标题页、标题页脚注或文章的其他任何地方包含致谢，除非是在单独的致谢部分。

Author contributions: CRediT
作者贡献：CRediT

Corresponding authors are required to acknowledge co-author contributions using CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) roles:
对应作者必须使用 CRediT（贡献者角色分类法）角色来承认合著者的贡献：

Conceptualization 概念提出
Data curation 数据整理
Formal analysis 形式分析
Funding acquisition 资金获取
Investigation 调查研究
Methodology 方法论
Project administration 项目管理
Resources 资源
Software 软件
Supervision 监督管理
Validation 验证
Visualization 可视化
Writing – original draft 撰写 – 原始稿件
Writing – review and editing
撰写 – 审稿和编辑

Not all CRediT roles will apply to every manuscript and some authors may contribute through multiple roles.
并非所有 CRediT 角色都适用于每篇稿件，一些作者可能通过多个角色进行贡献。

We advise you to read more about CRediT and view an example of a CRediT author statement.
我们建议您了解更多关于 CRediT 的信息，并查看一个 CRediT 作者声明的示例。

Funding sources 资金来源

List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder's requirements:
列出资金来源，按照这种方式列出，以方便符合资助者的要求：

If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following sentence:
如果研究未获得资助，建议包含以下句子：

Appendices 附录

We ask you to use the following format for appendices:
请您使用以下格式编写附录：

Identify individual appendices within your article using the format: A, B, etc.
使用格式：A、B 等来识别您文章中的各个附录。
Give separate numbering to formulae and equations within appendices using formats such as Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc. and in subsequent appendices, Eq. (B.1), Eq. (B. 2) etc. In a similar way, give separate numbering to tables and figures using formats such as Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.
在附录中对公式和方程进行单独编号，格式如：式（A.1）、式（A.2）等，在后续附录中，式（B.1）、式（B.2）等。以类似的方式，对表格和图进行单独编号，格式如：表 A.1；图 A.1 等。

References 参考文献

References within text 文中参考文献

Any references cited within your article should also be present in your reference list and vice versa. Some guidelines:
您文章中引用的任何参考文献也应出现在您的参考文献列表中，反之亦然。以下是一些指南：

References cited in your abstract must be given in full.
您摘要中引用的参考文献必须给出完整信息。
We recommend that you do not include unpublished results and personal communications in your reference list, though you may mention them in the text of your article.
我们建议您不要在参考文献列表中包含未发表的结果和个人通信，尽管您可以在文章文本中提及它们。
Any unpublished results and personal communications included in your reference list must follow the standard reference style of the journal. In substitution of the publication date add "unpublished results" or "personal communication."
您参考文献列表中包含的任何未发表的结果和个人通讯必须遵循本刊的标准参考文献格式。在替代出版日期时，请添加“未发表结果”或“个人通讯。”
References cited as "in press" imply that the item has been accepted for publication.
被引用为“在审稿中”的参考文献意味着该条目已被接受出版。

Linking to cited sources will increase the discoverability of your research.
链接到引用的来源将提高您研究内容的可发现性。

Before submission, check that all data provided in your reference list are correct, including any references which have been copied. Providing correct reference data allows us to link to abstracting and indexing services such as Scopus, Crossref and PubMed. Any incorrect surnames, journal or book titles, publication years or pagination within your references may prevent link creation.
在提交之前，请检查您参考文献列表中提供的所有数据是否正确，包括任何复制的参考文献。提供正确的参考文献数据使我们能够链接到 Scopus、Crossref 和 PubMed 等文摘和索引服务。您参考文献中的任何错误姓氏、期刊或书籍标题、出版年份或页码都可能阻止链接创建。

We encourage the use of Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) as reference links as they provide a permanent link to the electronic article referenced.
我们鼓励使用数字对象标识符（DOI）作为参考文献链接，因为它们提供了对所引用电子文章的永久链接。

Reference format 参考文献格式

This journal does not set strict requirements on reference formatting at submission. Some guidelines:
本期刊在投稿时对参考文献格式没有严格的限制。以下是一些指南：

References can be in any style or format as long as the style is consistent.
参考文献可以采用任何风格或格式，只要风格保持一致即可。
Author names, journal or book titles, chapter or article titles, year of publication, volume numbers, article numbers or pagination must be included, where applicable.
作者姓名、期刊或书籍标题、章节或文章标题、出版年份、卷号、文章编号或页码必须包含，适用时。
Use of DOIs is recommended.
建议使用 DOI。

Our journal reference style will be applied to your article after acceptance, at proof stage. If required, at this stage we will ask you to correct or supply any missing reference data.
文章被接受后，在校对阶段将应用我们的期刊参考文献格式。如果需要，在此阶段我们将要求您纠正或提供任何缺失的参考文献数据。

Reference style 参考格式

All citations in the text should refer to:
文中所有引用均应参照：

Single author: the author's name (without initials, unless there is ambiguity) and the year of publication.
单一作者：作者姓名（不使用缩写，除非存在歧义）和出版年份。
Two authors: both authors' names and the year of publication.
双作者：两位作者的姓名和出版年份。
Three or more authors: first author's name followed by 'et al.' and the year of publication.
三位或更多作者：首作者姓名后跟“等”和出版年份。

Citations can be made directly (or parenthetically). Groups of references can be listed either first alphabetically, then chronologically, or vice versa. Examples: "as demonstrated (Allan, 2020a, 2020b; Allan and Jones, 2019)" or "as demonstrated (Jones, 2019; Allan, 2020). Kramer et al. (2023) have recently shown".
引用可以直接（或括号内）进行。参考文献组可以按字母顺序排列，然后按时间顺序排列，或者反之。例如：“如所示（Allan，2020a，2020b；Allan 和 Jones，2019）”或“如所示（Jones，2019；Allan，2020）”。Kramer 等人（2023）最近已经证明。

The list of references should be arranged alphabetically and then chronologically if necessary. More than one reference from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters 'a', 'b', 'c', etc., placed after the year of publication.
参考文献列表应按字母顺序排列，如有必要，再按时间顺序排列。同一作者（们）在同一年份内的多篇参考文献必须通过在出版年份后加上字母“a”、“b”、“c”等来标识。

Abbreviate journal names according to the List of Title Word Abbreviations (LTWA).
按照标题词缩写列表（LTWA）缩写期刊名称。

Examples: 例如：

Reference to a journal publication:
参考期刊出版物：

Van der Geer, J., Handgraaf, T., Lupton, R.A., 2020. The art of writing a scientific article. J. Sci. Commun. 163, 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sc.2020.00372.
Van der Geer, J., Handgraaf, T., Lupton, R.A., 2020. 科学文章写作的艺术。J. Sci. Commun. 163, 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sc.2020.00372.

Reference to a journal publication with an article number:
参考带有文章编号的期刊出版物：

Van der Geer, J., Handgraaf, T., Lupton, R.A., 2022. The art of writing a scientific article. Heliyon. 19, e00205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e00205.
Van der Geer, J., Handgraaf, T., Lupton, R.A., 2022. 科学文章写作的艺术。Heliyon. 19, e00205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e00205.

Reference to a book: 参考书籍：

Strunk Jr., W., White, E.B., 2000. The Elements of Style, fourth ed. Longman, New York.
斯特朗克，W.，怀特，E.B.，2000. 《风格要素》，第四版。朗文出版社，纽约。

Reference to a chapter in a book:
参考书籍中的章节：

Mettam, G.R., Adams, L.B., 2023. How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: Jones, B.S., Smith, R.Z. (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age. E-Publishing Inc., New York, pp. 281–304.
梅塔姆，G.R.，亚当斯，L.B.，2023. 如何准备您的文章电子版，载于：琼斯，B.S.，史密斯，R.Z.（编），《电子时代导论》。电子出版公司，纽约，第 281-304 页。

Reference to a website: 网站引用：

Cancer Research UK, 2023. Cancer statistics reports for the UK. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/ (accessed 13 March 2023).
英国癌症研究机构，2023. 英国癌症统计数据报告。http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/（2023 年 3 月 13 日访问）。

Reference to a dataset: 数据集引用：

Oguro, M., Imahiro, S., Saito, S., Nakashizuka, T., 2015. Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions [dataset]. Mendeley Data, v1. https://doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.
Oguro, M.，Imahiro, S.，Saito, S.，Nakashizuka, T.，2015. 日本栎树枯萎病死亡数据和周围森林组成数据 [数据集]。Mendeley Data，v1。https://doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1。

Reference to software: 软件引用：

Coon, E., Berndt, M., Jan, A., Svyatsky, D., Atchley, A., Kikinzon, E., Harp, D., Manzini, G., Shelef, E., Lipnikov, K., Garimella, R., Xu, C., Moulton, D., Karra, S., Painter, S., Jafarov, E., & Molins, S., 2020. Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) v0.88 (Version 0.88) [software]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727209.
Coon, E., Berndt, M., Jan, A., Svyatsky, D., Atchley, A., Kikinzon, E., Harp, D., Manzini, G., Shelef, E., Lipnikov, K., Garimella, R., Xu, C., Moulton, D., Karra, S., Painter, S., Jafarov, E., & Molins, S., 2020. 高级陆地模拟器 (ATS) v0.88（版本 0.88）[软件]。Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727209.

Web references 网络引用

When listing web references, as a minimum you should provide the full URL and the date when the reference was last accessed. Additional information (e.g. DOI, author names, dates or reference to a source publication) should also be provided, if known.
当列出网络引用时，至少应提供完整的 URL 和最后访问该引用的日期。如果已知，还应提供附加信息（例如 DOI、作者姓名、日期或参考文献来源）。

You can list web references separately under a new heading directly after your reference list or include them in your reference list.
您可以将网络引用单独列出，在参考文献列表之后添加一个新的标题，或者将它们包含在参考文献列表中。

Data references 数据引用

We encourage you to cite underlying or relevant datasets within article text and to list data references in the reference list.
我们鼓励您在文章正文中引用基础或相关数据集，并在参考文献列表中列出数据引用。

When citing data references, you should include:
当引用数据参考文献时，您应包括：

author name(s) 作者姓名（们）
dataset title 数据集标题
data repository 数据仓库
version (where available)
版本（如有）
year 年份
global persistent identifier
全球持久标识符

Add [dataset] immediately before your reference. This will help us to properly identify the dataset. The [dataset] identifier will not appear in your published article.
请在您的参考文献前立即添加[数据集]。这将帮助我们正确识别数据集。[数据集]标识符将不会出现在您发表的论文中。

Preprint references 预印本参考文献

We ask you to mark preprints clearly. You should include the word "preprint" or the name of the preprint server as part of your reference and provide the preprint DOI.
请您明确标注预印本。您应在参考文献中包含“预印本”或预印本服务器的名称，并提供预印本 DOI。

Where a preprint has subsequently become available as a peer-reviewed publication, use the formal publication as your reference.
如果预印本后来作为同行评审的出版物发表，请使用正式出版物作为参考文献。

If there are preprints that are central to your work or that cover crucial developments in the topic, but they are not yet formally published, you may reference the preprint.
如果有对您的工作至关重要的预印本或涵盖该主题关键发展的预印本，但它们尚未正式发表，您可以引用预印本。

Reference management software
参考管理软件

Most Elsevier journals have their reference template available in popular reference management software products. These include products that support Citation Style Language (CSL) such as Mendeley Reference Manager.
大多数 Elsevier 期刊在其参考文献模板在流行的参考文献管理软件产品中可用。这些产品包括支持引用样式语言（CSL）的产品，如 Mendeley 参考文献管理器。

If you use a citation plug-in from these products, select the relevant journal template and all your citations and bibliographies will automatically be formatted in the journal style. We advise you to remove all field codes before submitting your manuscript to any reference management software product.
如果您使用这些产品中的引用插件，请选择相关期刊模板，所有引用和参考文献将自动按期刊风格格式化。我们建议您在提交稿件到任何参考文献管理软件产品之前删除所有字段代码。

If a template is not available for this journal, follow the format given in examples in the reference style section of this Guide for Authors.
如果此期刊没有可用的模板，请遵循本指南作者指南中参考文献风格部分提供的示例格式。

Submitting your manuscript
提交您的稿件

Submission checklist 提交清单

Before completing the submission of your manuscript, we advise you to read our submission checklist:
在完成稿件提交之前，我们建议您阅读我们的投稿清单：

One author has been designated as the corresponding author and their full contact details (email address, full postal address and phone numbers) have been provided.
已指定一位作者为通讯作者，并提供了他们的完整联系信息（电子邮件地址、完整邮寄地址和电话号码）。
All files have been uploaded, including keywords, figure captions and tables (including a title, description and footnotes) included.
所有文件均已上传，包括关键词、图题和表格（包括标题、描述和脚注）。
Spelling and grammar checks have been carried out.
已进行拼写和语法检查。
All references in the article text are cited in the reference list and vice versa.
文章正文中的所有参考文献均在参考文献列表中引用，反之亦然。
Permission has been obtained for the use of any copyrighted material from other sources, including the Web.
已获得使用来自其他来源（包括网络）的任何受版权保护材料的许可。
For gold open access articles, all authors understand that they are responsible for payment of the article publishing charge (APC) if the manuscript is accepted. Payment of the APC may be covered by the corresponding author's institution, or the research funder.
对于金色开放获取文章，所有作者都理解，如果稿件被接受，他们需要支付文章出版费（APC）。APC 的支付可能由通讯作者所在的机构或研究资助者承担。

Journal specific information
期刊特定信息

Corresponding Author 联系作者

In general, only ONE corresponding author should be designated. If more than one corresponding author is to be requested, the second author should be from a different institution and the covering letter must provide justification for having two corresponding authors.
通常情况下，应指定一位对应作者。如需指定多位对应作者，第二位作者应来自不同机构，且封面信必须提供两位对应作者的合理性说明。

Submit online 在线提交

Our online submission system guides you through the process steps of entering your manuscript details and uploading your files. The system converts your article files to a single PDF file used in the peer-review process.
我们的在线投稿系统将引导您完成输入稿件详细信息以及上传文件的过程。系统将您的文章文件转换为用于同行评审过程的单个 PDF 文件。

Editable files (e.g., Word, LaTeX) are required to typeset your article for final publication. All correspondence, including notification of the editor's decision and requests for revision, is sent by email.
请提供可编辑的文件（例如 Word、LaTeX），以便排版您的文章进行最终出版。所有通讯，包括编辑的决定通知和修订请求，均通过电子邮件发送。

Please follow this link to submit your paper.
请点击此链接提交您的论文。

After receiving a final decision
收到最终决定后

Article Transfer Service 文章传输服务

If your manuscript is more suitable for an alternative Elsevier journal, you may receive an email asking you to consider transferring your manuscript via the Elsevier Article Transfer Service.
如果您的稿件更适合其他 Elsevier 期刊，您可能会收到一封电子邮件，建议您通过 Elsevier 文章转移服务将您的稿件转移。

The recommendation could come from the journal editor, a dedicated in-house scientific managing editor, a tool-assisted recommendation or a combination.
推荐可能来自期刊编辑、专门的内部科学管理编辑、工具辅助推荐或它们的组合。

If you agree with the recommendation, your manuscript will be transferred and independently reviewed by the editors of the new journal. You will have the opportunity to make revisions, if necessary, before the submission is complete at the destination journal.
如果您同意该建议，您的稿件将被转交给新期刊的编辑独立审阅。在稿件提交至目标期刊完成之前，您将有机会进行必要的修改。

Publishing agreement 发表协议

Authors will be asked to complete a publishing agreement after acceptance. The corresponding author will receive a link to the online agreement by email. We advise you to read Elsevier's policies related to copyright to learn more about our copyright policies and your, and your employer’s/institution’s, additional rights for subscription and gold open access articles.
接受稿件后，作者将被要求完成出版协议。通讯作者将通过电子邮件收到在线协议的链接。我们建议您阅读 Elsevier 有关版权的政策，以了解更多关于我们的版权政策以及您和您雇主/机构的额外权利，包括订阅和黄金开放获取文章的权利。

License options 许可选项

Authors will be offered open access user license options which will determine how you, and third parties, can reuse your gold open access article. We advise that you review these options and any funding body license requirements before selecting a license option.
作者将被提供开放获取用户许可选项，这将决定您和第三方如何重新使用您的黄金开放获取文章。我们建议您在选择许可选项之前，审查这些选项以及任何资助机构的许可要求。

Open access 开放获取

We refer you to our open access information page to learn about open access options for this journal.
请参阅我们的开放获取信息页面，了解本刊的开放获取选项。

Permission for copyrighted works
版权作品许可

If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included in your article, you must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) within your article using Elsevier’s permission request and license form (Word).
如果您的文章中包含其他版权作品的摘录，您必须从版权所有者处获得书面许可，并在您的文章中使用 Elsevier 的许可请求和许可表格（Word 格式）注明来源。

Proof correction 证明校对

To ensure a fast publication process we will ask you to provide proof corrections within two days.
为确保快速出版流程，我们将要求您在两天内提供校对更正。

Corresponding authors will be sent an email which includes a link to our online proofing system, allowing annotation and correction of proofs online. The environment is similar to Word. You can edit text, comment on figures and tables and answer questions raised by our copy editor. Our web-based proofing service ensures a faster and less error-prone process.
对应作者将收到一封包含我们在线校对系统链接的电子邮件，允许在线注释和校对校样。环境类似于 Word。您可以编辑文本、对图表和表格进行评论，并回答编辑提出的问题。我们的基于网络的校对服务确保了更快且更少错误的流程。

You can choose to annotate and upload your edits on the PDF version of your article, if preferred. We will provide you with proofing instructions and available alternative proofing methods in our email.
如果您更喜欢，可以选择在文章的 PDF 版本上注释和上传您的编辑。我们将通过电子邮件提供校对说明和可用的替代校对方法。

The purpose of the proof is to check the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of your article text, tables and figures. Significant changes to your article at the proofing stage will only be considered with approval of the journal editor.
校样的目的是检查文章文本、表格和图表的排版、编辑、完整性和正确性。在校对阶段对您的文章进行重大修改，仅在有期刊编辑批准的情况下予以考虑。

A customized Share Link, providing 50 days free access to the final published version of your article on ScienceDirect, will be sent by email to the corresponding author. The Share Link can be used to share your article on any communication channel, such as by email or on social media.
将通过电子邮件发送一个定制的分享链接，提供 50 天免费访问您文章的最终出版版本。该分享链接可用于在任何通信渠道分享您的文章，例如通过电子邮件或在社交媒体上。

For an extra charge, you will be provided with the option to order paper offprints. A link to an offprint order form will be sent by email when your article is accepted for publication.
如需额外付费，您可以选择订购纸质副本。当您的文章被接受发表时，将通过电子邮件发送一个订单表格的链接。

A Share Link will not be provided if your article is published gold open access. The final published version of your gold open access article will be openly available on ScienceDirect and can be shared through the article DOI link.
如果您的文章以金色开放获取方式发表，则不会提供分享链接。您的金色开放获取文章的最终发表版本将在 ScienceDirect 上公开可用，可以通过文章 DOI 链接进行分享。

Responsible sharing 负责任地分享

We encourage you to share and promote your article to give additional visibility to your work, enabling your paper to contribute to scientific progress and foster the exchange of scientific developments within your field. Read more about how to responsibly share and promote your article.
我们鼓励您分享和推广您的文章，以增加您工作的可见性，使您的论文能够为科学进步做出贡献，并促进您所在领域的科学发展交流。了解更多关于如何负责任地分享和推广您的文章的信息。

Resources for authors 作者资源

Elsevier Researcher Academy
埃尔塞维尔研究者学院

If you would like help to improve your submission or navigate the publication process, support is available via Elsevier Researcher Academy.
如果您需要帮助改进您的投稿或了解出版流程，Elsevier Researcher Academy 提供支持。

Elsevier Researcher Academy offers free e-learning modules, webinars, downloadable guides and research writing and peer review process resources.
Elsevier Researcher Academy 提供免费在线课程、网络研讨会、可下载指南以及研究写作和同行评审流程资源。

Language and editing services
语言和编辑服务

We recommend that you write in American or British English but not a combination of both.
我们建议您使用美式或英式英语撰写，但不要混用。

If you feel the English language in your manuscript requires editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English, you may wish to use the English Language Editing service provided by Elsevier’s Author Services.
如果您觉得您的手稿中的英语需要编辑以消除可能的语法或拼写错误，并符合正确的科学英语，您可能希望使用 Elsevier 作者服务提供的英语语言编辑服务。

Getting help and support 获取帮助和支持

Author support 作者支持

We recommend that you visit our Journal Article Publishing Support Center if you have questions about the editorial process or require technical support for your submission. Some popular FAQs:
我们建议您访问我们的期刊文章出版支持中心，如果您对编辑流程有任何疑问或需要提交的技术支持，请访问。以下是一些常见问题解答：