Computers & Operations Research 计算机与运筹学

Aims and scope 目标和范围

Now incorporating Surveys in Operations Research & Management Science
现在将调查纳入运筹学与管理科学

Operations research and computers interact in many scientific fields of vital importance to our society. These include, among others, transportation, economics, investment strategy, inventory control, logistics, safety, reliability, urban planning, and ecology. Computers & Operations Research (COR) provides an international forum for the application of computers and operations research techniques to problems in these and related fields.
运筹学和计算机在许多对我们社会至关重要的科学领域中相互作用。其中包括交通、经济、投资战略、库存控制、物流、安全、可靠性、城市规划和生态学。计算机与运筹学（COR）为计算机和运筹学技术在这些领域和相关领域的问题中的应用提供了一个国际论坛。

The common element in all the scientific areas that this Journal addresses is the need for some optimization methodology for determining viable solutions to problems, using computers and the techniques of operations research. However, it is not only the methodology which is of interest: the applications are of equal importance. The two are mutually supportive, since understanding the application helps one greatly to comprehend the optimization methods used, and vice versa.
本杂志涉及的所有科学领域的共同点是需要一些优化方法，以使用计算机和运筹学技术来确定问题的可行解决方案。然而，感兴趣的不仅仅是方法论：应用也同样重要。这两者是相辅相成的，因为了解应用程序对理解所使用的优化方法有很大帮助，反之亦然。

This Journal will therefore concern itself with these scientific fields of application, and will be accordingly broad in scope of subject matter. The form, content and language of the articles will take cognizance of this breadth of applications and of the consequent fact that many readers may not be expert in the scientific field to which the computer and operations research techniques are applied by the author.
因此，本杂志将关注这些科学应用领域，并相应地在主题范围上广泛。文章的形式、内容和语言将考虑到应用的广度，以及随之而来的事实，即许多读者可能不是作者应用计算机和运筹学技术的科学领域的专家。

All full-length research papers must contain original research results, and demonstrate constructive algorithmic complexity and extensive numerical experiments. Numerical illustrations (examples) are not sufficient: the numerical experiments must have a scientific value of their own, particularly with comparisons to other approaches. In addition, the research performed should represent novel and significant work relative to the relevant literature. The use of real-world data is also valued.
所有完整的研究论文必须包含原创研究结果，并展示建设性的算法复杂性和广泛的数值实验。数值说明（示例）是不够的：数值实验必须具有自己的科学价值，特别是与其他方法进行比较。此外，所进行的研究应代表与相关文献相关的新颖和重要的工作。真实世界数据的使用也受到重视。

(Meta)heuristics (other than well-established algorithms such as evolutionary algorithms or ant colony optimization) must be described in metaphor-free language. This is a way to ensure that they are immediately comparable to existing algorithms. Moreover, this facilitates highlighting the algorithmic contributions to the literature.
（元）启发式（除了进化算法或蚁群优化等成熟的算法）必须用无隐喻的语言进行描述。这是一种确保它们立即与现有算法相媲美的方法。此外，这有助于突出算法对文献的贡献。

Computers & Operations Research now incorporates Surveys in Operations Research and Management Science. COR will therefore also publish state-of-the-art surveys and best practice guides in analytics, operations research, and management science, in a special Surveys section. These reviews of leading research in the field enable educators, researchers and students to obtain an overview of subjects of current interest, as well as important recent developments in established areas. Submissions can focus on theory or applications of OR/MS, and can be of several types, including but not limited to: (i) Results that are considered standards by experts in the community but which have not been documented in textbooks; (ii) Standard results which have been, in some way, streamlined such as, for example, new proof techniques leading to more elegant derivations of known results; (iii) New developments in methodology, or new application areas ('hot topics'). A review should be critical with respect to the existing knowledge and should focus on the computational and algorithmic aspects/developments. For more information on writing a contribution for the Surveys section of COR, please refer to What Makes a Good Survey?
计算机与运筹学现在将调查纳入运筹学和管理科学。因此，COR 还将在特殊的调查部分发布分析、运筹学和管理科学方面的最新调查和最佳实践指南。这些对该领域领先研究的回顾使教育工作者、研究人员和学生能够获得当前感兴趣的主题的概述，以及既定领域的重要最新发展。提交的内容可以侧重于OR/MS的理论或应用，可以有多种类型，包括但不限于：（i）被社区专家视为标准但尚未在教科书中记录的结果;（二） 在某种程度上经过简化的标准结果，例如，新的证明技术导致对已知结果的更优雅的推导;（iii） 方法的新发展或新的应用领域（“热点”）。审查应该对现有知识至关重要，并应侧重于计算和算法方面/发展。有关为 COR 的调查部分撰写贡献的更多信息，请参阅什么是好的调查？

Computers & Operations Research also publishes focused issues on topics of interest related to its editorial mission. Such issues typically contain between six and twelve articles. They are put together within an eighteen-month period under the responsibility of one or several guest editors. Prospective guest editors are encouraged to contact the Editor-in-Chief.
《计算机与运筹学》还出版了与其编辑使命相关的主题的重点问题。此类问题通常包含六到十二篇文章。它们在18个月内由一位或几位客座编辑负责整理。我们鼓励潜在的客座编辑与主编联系。

Computers & Operations Research does not endorse works investigating neither warfare optimization problems nor applications involving activities that might cause serious injuries or even death, regardless of the setting (offensive or defensive).
《计算机与运筹学》不认可既不调查战争优化问题的工作，也不认可涉及可能导致严重伤害甚至死亡的活动的应用程序，无论环境如何（进攻性或防御性）。

It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure that the submitted manuscripts are written using proper English, that possible grammatical or spelling errors are eliminated and that the text conforms to correct scientific English. Submissions which do not satisfy these criteria may be rejected without being sent to reviewers.
作者有责任确保提交的稿件使用正确的英语书写，消除可能的语法或拼写错误，并确保文本符合正确的科学英语。不符合这些标准的提交可能会被拒绝，而不会发送给审稿人。

Guide for authors 作者指南

Your Paper Your Way
您的论文以您的方式

We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions. You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process. Only when your paper is at the revision stage, will you be requested to put your paper in to a 'correct format' for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article.
我们现在区分了新提交和修订提交的要求。您可以选择将您的稿件作为单个 Word 或 PDF 文件提交，以便在审稿过程中使用。只有当你的论文处于修改阶段时，你才会被要求把你的论文放在一个“正确的格式”上，以便被接受，并提供你的文章发表所需的项目。
To find out more, please visit the Preparation section below.
要了解更多信息，请访问下面的“准备”部分。

Submission checklist 提交清单

You can use this list to carry out a final check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Please check the relevant section in this Guide for Authors for more details.
您可以使用此列表对您的投稿进行最终检查，然后再将其发送给期刊进行审核。请查看本作者指南中的相关部分，了解更多详情。

Ensure that the following items are present:
确保存在以下项目：

One author has been designated as the corresponding author with contact details:
一位作者被指定为通讯作者，联系方式如下：
• E-mail address • 电子邮件地址
• Full postal address
• 完整的邮寄地址

All necessary files have been uploaded:
所有必要的文件都已上传：
Manuscript: 手稿：
• Include keywords • 包括关键字
• All figures (include relevant captions)
• 所有图表（包括相关标题）
• All tables (including titles, description, footnotes)
• 所有表格（包括标题、描述、脚注）
• Ensure all figure and table citations in the text match the files provided
• 确保文本中的所有图形和表格引用都与提供的文件匹配
• Indicate clearly if color should be used for any figures in print
• 清楚地指出是否应将颜色用于打印中的任何图形
Graphical Abstracts / Highlights files (where applicable)
图形摘要/突出显示文件（如适用）
Supplemental files (where applicable)
补充文件（如适用）

Further considerations 其他注意事项
• Manuscript has been 'spell checked' and 'grammar checked'
• 稿件已“拼写检查”和“语法检查”
• All references mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa
• 参考文献列表中提到的所有参考文献均在正文中引用，反之亦然
• Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Internet)
• 已获得使用来自其他来源（包括互联网）的受版权保护材料的许可
• A competing interests statement is provided, even if the authors have no competing interests to declare
• 即使作者没有要声明的竞争利益，也要提供竞争利益声明
• Journal policies detailed in this guide have been reviewed
• 本指南中详述的期刊政策已经过审查
• Referee suggestions and contact details provided, based on journal requirements
• 根据期刊要求提供推荐建议和联系方式

For further information, visit our Support Center.
有关更多信息，请访问我们的支持中心。

Before you begin 准备工作

Ethics in publishing 出版伦理

Please see our information on Ethics in publishing.
请参阅我们关于出版道德的信息。

Declaration of interest 利益申报

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential competing interests include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Authors must disclose any interests in two places: 1. A summary declaration of interest statement in the title page file (if double anonymized) or the manuscript file (if single anonymized). If there are no interests to declare then please state this: 'Declarations of interest: none'. 2. Detailed disclosures as part of a separate Declaration of Interest form, which forms part of the journal's official records. It is important for potential interests to be declared in both places and that the information matches. More information.
所有作者必须披露与他人或组织的任何财务和个人关系，这些关系可能会不恰当地影响（偏见）他们的工作。潜在竞争利益的例子包括就业、咨询、股票所有权、酬金、有偿专家证词、专利申请/注册以及赠款或其他资金。作者必须在两个地方披露任何利益：1.扉页文件（如果双重匿名）或手稿文件（如果单匿名）中的利益声明摘要。如果没有要申报的利益，请说明：“利益申报：无”。2. 作为单独的利益申报表的一部分进行详细披露，该声明表构成期刊官方记录的一部分。重要的是在两个地方申报潜在利益，并且信息匹配。更多信息。

Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing
生成式人工智能在科学写作中的宣言

The below guidance only refers to the writing process, and not to the use of AI tools to analyse and draw insights from data as part of the research process.
以下指南仅涉及写作过程，而不是作为研究过程的一部分，使用人工智能工具从数据中分析和得出见解。

Where authors use generative artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process, authors should only use these technologies to improve readability and language. Applying the technology should be done with human oversight and control, and authors should carefully review and edit the result, as AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete or biased. AI and AI-assisted technologies should not be listed as an author or co-author, or be cited as an author. Authorship implies responsibilities and tasks that can only be attributed to and performed by humans, as outlined in Elsevier’s AI policy for authors.
如果作者在写作过程中使用生成式人工智能 （AI） 和 AI 辅助技术，作者应仅使用这些技术来提高可读性和语言性。应用该技术应该在人类的监督和控制下完成，作者应该仔细审查和编辑结果，因为人工智能可以生成听起来权威的输出，这些输出可能是不正确的、不完整的或有偏见的。人工智能和人工智能辅助技术不应被列为作者或合著者，也不应被引用为作者。作者身份意味着只能归因于人类并由人类执行的责任和任务，如爱思唯尔的 AI 作者政策中所述。

Authors should disclose in their manuscript the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by following the instructions below. A statement will appear in the published work. Please note that authors are ultimately responsible and accountable for the contents of the work.
作者应按照以下说明在写作过程中披露人工智能和人工智能辅助技术的使用。声明将出现在已发表的作品中。请注意，作者对作品内容负有最终责任。

Disclosure instructions 披露说明
Authors must disclose the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by adding a statement at the end of their manuscript in the core manuscript file, before the References list. The statement should be placed in a new section entitled ‘Declaration of Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process’.
作者必须在核心稿件文件的稿件末尾，在参考文献列表之前添加声明，披露在写作过程中使用生成式人工智能和人工智能辅助技术的情况。该声明应放在题为“写作过程中的生成式人工智能和人工智能辅助技术的声明”的新章节中。

Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] in order to [REASON]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.
声明：在准备本作品期间，作者使用[名称工具/服务]来[REASON]。使用此工具/服务后，作者根据需要审查和编辑内容，并对出版物的内容承担全部责任。

This declaration does not apply to the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references etc. If there is nothing to disclose, there is no need to add a statement.
本声明不适用于使用基本工具检查语法、拼写、参考文献等。如果没有什么要披露的，就没有必要添加声明。

Submission declaration and verification
提交声明和验证

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify compliance, your article may be checked by Crossref Similarity Check and other originality or duplicate checking software.
提交一篇文章意味着所描述的工作以前没有发表过（除了以摘要、已发表的讲座或学术论文的形式，有关更多信息，请参阅“多次、冗余或同时发表”），它没有考虑在其他地方发表，其发表得到了所有作者的批准，并得到了进行工作的主管当局的默示或明确， 并且，如果被接受，未经版权所有者书面同意，不得以相同的形式、英语或任何其他语言（包括电子方式）在其他地方发布。为了验证合规性，您的文章可能会通过Crossref相似性检查和其他原创性或重复性检查软件进行检查。

Preprints 预印本
Please note that preprints can be shared anywhere at any time, in line with Elsevier's sharing policy. Sharing your preprints e.g. on a preprint server will not count as prior publication (see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information).
请注意，预印本可以随时随地共享，符合爱思唯尔的共享政策。共享您的预印本，例如在预印本服务器上共享，将不算作先前发表（有关更多信息，请参阅“多次、冗余或并发发表”）。

Preprint posting on SSRN
在 SSRN 上发布预印本

In support of Open Science, this journal offers its authors a free preprint posting service. Preprints provide early registration and dissemination of your research, which facilitates early citations and collaboration.
为了支持开放科学，该期刊为其作者提供免费的预印本发布服务。预印本可以尽早注册和传播您的研究，从而促进早期引用和协作。

During submission to Editorial Manager, you can choose to release your manuscript publicly as a preprint on the preprint server SSRN once it enters peer-review with the journal. Your choice will have no effect on the editorial process or outcome with the journal. Please note that the corresponding author is expected to seek approval from all co-authors before agreeing to release the manuscript publicly on SSRN.
在提交给编辑经理期间，您可以选择在预印本服务器SSRN上以预印本的形式公开发布您的稿件，一旦该稿件进入期刊的同行评审。您的选择不会影响期刊的编辑过程或结果。请注意，通讯作者在同意在SSRN上公开发布稿件之前，应征得所有合著者的批准。

You will be notified via email when your preprint is posted online and a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is assigned. Your preprint will remain globally available free to read whether the journal accepts or rejects your manuscript.
当您的预印本在线发布并分配数字对象标识符 （DOI） 时，您将收到电子邮件通知。无论期刊接受还是拒绝您的稿件，您的预印本都将在全球范围内免费提供，供您阅读。

For more information about posting to SSRN, please consult the SSRN Terms of Use and