ping程序C++源代码

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-06 18:54:31 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-06 18:54:31 发布

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分类专栏： Linux网络基础文章标签： c++

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ping程序C++源代码

头文件ping.h

#ifndef PING_H
#define PING_H

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include <string>
#include <vector>
#define PACKET_SIZE     4096
#define MAX_WAIT_TIME   5
#define MAX_NO_PACKETS  3

struct IcmpEchoReply {
        int icmpSeq;
        int icmpLen;
        int ipTtl;
        double rtt;
        std::string fromAddr;
        bool isReply;
};

struct PingResult {
        int dataLen;
        int nsend;
        int nreceived;
        std::string ip;
        std::string error;
        std::vector<IcmpEchoReply> icmpEchoReplys;
};

class Ping {
        public:
                Ping();
                bool ping(std::string host, PingResult &pingResult);
                bool ping(std::string host, int count, PingResult& pingResult);
        private:
                unsigned short getChksum(unsigned short *addr,int len);
                int packIcmp(int pack_no, struct icmp* icmp);
                bool unpackIcmp(char *buf,int len, struct IcmpEchoReply *icmpEchoReply);
                struct timeval tvSub(struct timeval timeval1,struct timeval timval2);
                bool getsockaddr(const char * hostOrIp, sockaddr_in* sockaddr);
                bool sendPacket();
                bool recvPacket(PingResult &pingResult);
        private:
                char m_sendpacket[PACKET_SIZE];
                char m_recvpacket[PACKET_SIZE];
                int m_maxPacketSize;
                int m_sockfd;
                int m_datalen;
                int m_nsend;
                int m_nreceived;
                int m_icmp_seq;
                struct sockaddr_in m_dest_addr;
                struct sockaddr_in m_from_addr;
                pid_t m_pid;
};
#endif

C++源代码 ping.cpp

#include "ping.h"

Ping::Ping() {
        m_maxPacketSize = 4;
        m_datalen = 56;
        m_nsend = 0;
        m_nreceived = 0;
        m_icmp_seq = 0;
}

/*校验和算法*/
unsigned short Ping::getChksum(unsigned short *addr,int len)
{
        int nleft=len;
        int sum=0;
        unsigned short *w=addr;
        unsigned short answer=0;

        /*把ICMP报头二进制数据以2字节为单位累加起来*/
        while(nleft>1)
        {
                sum+=*w++;
                nleft-=2;
        }

        /*若ICMP报头为奇数个字节，会剩下最后一字节。把最后一个字节视为一个2字节数据的高字节，这个2字节数据的低字节为0，继续累加*/
        if( nleft==1)
        {
                *(unsigned char *)(&answer)=*(unsigned char *)w;
                sum+=answer;
        }

        sum=(sum>>16)+(sum&0xffff);
        sum+=(sum>>16);
        answer=~sum;
        return answer;
}

/*设置ICMP报头*/
int Ping::packIcmp(int pack_no, struct icmp* icmp)
{
        int i,packsize;
        struct icmp *picmp;
        struct timeval *tval;

        picmp = icmp;
        picmp->icmp_type=ICMP_ECHO;
        picmp->icmp_code=0;
        picmp->icmp_cksum=0;
        picmp->icmp_seq=pack_no;
        picmp->icmp_id= m_pid;
        packsize= 8 + m_datalen;
        tval= (struct timeval *)picmp->icmp_data;
        gettimeofday(tval,NULL);    /*记录发送时间*/
        picmp->icmp_cksum=getChksum((unsigned short *)picmp,packsize); /*校验算法*/
        return packsize;
}

/*剥去ICMP报头*/
bool Ping::unpackIcmp(char *buf,int len, struct IcmpEchoReply *icmpEchoReply)
{
        int i,iphdrlen;
        struct ip *ip;
        struct icmp *picmp;
        struct timeval *tvsend, tvrecv, tvresult;
        double rtt;

        ip = (struct ip *)buf;
        iphdrlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;    /*求ip报头长度,即ip报头的长度标志乘4*/
        picmp = (struct icmp *)(buf + iphdrlen);  /*越过ip报头,指向ICMP报头*/
        len -= iphdrlen;            /*ICMP报头及ICMP数据报的总长度*/
        if(len < 8)                /*小于ICMP报头长度则不合理*/
        {
                printf("ICMP packets\'s length is less than 8\n");
                return false;
        }

        /*确保所接收的是我所发的的ICMP的回应*/
        if( (picmp->icmp_type==ICMP_ECHOREPLY) && (picmp->icmp_id == m_pid))
        {
                tvsend=(struct timeval *)picmp->icmp_data;
                gettimeofday(&tvrecv,NULL);  /*记录接收时间*/
                tvresult = tvSub(tvrecv, *tvsend);  /*接收和发送的时间差*/
                rtt=tvresult.tv_sec*1000 + tvresult.tv_usec/1000;  /*以毫秒为单位计算rtt*/
                icmpEchoReply->rtt = rtt;
                icmpEchoReply->icmpSeq = picmp->icmp_seq;
                icmpEchoReply->ipTtl = ip->ip_ttl;
                icmpEchoReply->icmpLen = len;
                return true;
        }else{
                return false;
        }
}

/*两个timeval结构相减*/
struct timeval Ping::tvSub(struct timeval timeval1,struct timeval timeval2)
{
        struct timeval result;
        result = timeval1;

        if (result.tv_usec < timeval2.tv_usec < 0)
        {
                --result.tv_sec;
                result.tv_usec += 1000000;
        }

        result.tv_sec -= timeval2.tv_sec;
        return result;
}

/*发送三个ICMP报文*/
bool Ping::sendPacket()
{
        size_t packetsize;
        while( m_nsend < m_maxPacketSize)
        {
                m_nsend++;
                m_icmp_seq++;
                packetsize = packIcmp(m_icmp_seq, (struct icmp*)m_sendpacket); /*设置ICMP报头*/

                if(sendto(m_sockfd,m_sendpacket, packetsize, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &m_dest_addr, sizeof(m_dest_addr)) < 0)
                {
                        perror("sendto error");
                        continue;
                }
        }
        return true;
}

/*接收所有ICMP报文*/
bool Ping::recvPacket(PingResult &pingResult)
{
        int len;
        extern int errno;
        struct IcmpEchoReply icmpEchoReply;
        int maxfds = m_sockfd + 1;
        int nfd  = 0;
        fd_set rset;
        FD_ZERO(&rset);
        socklen_t fromlen = sizeof(m_from_addr);
        struct timeval timeout;
        timeout.tv_sec = 4;
        timeout.tv_usec = 0;

        for (int recvCount = 0; recvCount < m_maxPacketSize; recvCount++)
        {
                //printf("begin recv\n");
                FD_SET(m_sockfd, &rset);
                if ((nfd = select(maxfds, &rset, NULL, NULL, &timeout)) == -1)
                {
                        perror("select error");
                        continue;
                }

                if (nfd == 0)
                {
                        //recv time out
                        icmpEchoReply.isReply = false;
                        pingResult.icmpEchoReplys.push_back(icmpEchoReply);
                        continue;
                }
                if (FD_ISSET(m_sockfd, &rset))
                {
                        memset(m_recvpacket, 0, PACKET_SIZE);
                        if((len = recvfrom(m_sockfd, m_recvpacket,sizeof(m_recvpacket),0, (struct sockaddr *)&m_from_addr,&fromlen)) <0)
                        {
                                if(errno==EINTR)
                                        continue;
                                perror("recvfrom error");
                                continue;
                        }

                        icmpEchoReply.fromAddr = inet_ntoa(m_from_addr.sin_addr);
                        if (icmpEchoReply.fromAddr != pingResult.ip)
                        {
                                //printf("invalid address, discard\n");
                                //retry again
                                recvCount--;
                                continue;
                        }
                }

                if(unpackIcmp(m_recvpacket, len, &icmpEchoReply)==false)
                {
                        //retry again
                        recvCount--;
                        continue;
                }

                icmpEchoReply.isReply = true;
                pingResult.icmpEchoReplys.push_back(icmpEchoReply);
                m_nreceived++;
        }

        return true;
}

bool Ping::getsockaddr(const char * hostOrIp, struct sockaddr_in* sockaddr)
{
        struct hostent *host;
        struct sockaddr_in dest_addr;
        unsigned long inaddr=0l;
        bzero(&dest_addr,sizeof(dest_addr));
        dest_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;

        /*判断是主机名还是ip地址*/
        if(inaddr=inet_addr(hostOrIp)==INADDR_NONE)
        {
                if((host=gethostbyname(hostOrIp))==NULL) /*是主机名*/
                {
                        //printf("gethostbyname error:%s\n", hostOrIp);
                        return false;
                }
                memcpy( (char *)&dest_addr.sin_addr,host->h_addr,host->h_length);
        }
        /*是ip地址*/
        else if (!inet_aton(hostOrIp, &dest_addr.sin_addr))
        {
                //memcpy( (char *)&dest_addr,(char *)&inaddr,host->h_length);
                //fprintf(stderr, "unknow host:%s\n", hostOrIp);
                return false;
        }

        *sockaddr = dest_addr;
        return true;
}

bool Ping::ping(std::string host, PingResult& pingResult)
{
        return ping(host, 1, pingResult);
}

bool Ping::ping(std::string host, int count, PingResult& pingResult)
{
        struct protoent *protocol;
        int size = 50 * 1024;
        IcmpEchoReply icmpEchoReply;
        bool ret;

        m_nsend = 0;
        m_nreceived = 0;
        pingResult.icmpEchoReplys.clear();
        m_maxPacketSize = count;
        m_pid = getpid();

        pingResult.dataLen = m_datalen;

        if((protocol = getprotobyname("icmp"))==NULL)
        {
                perror("getprotobyname");
                return false;
        }

        /*生成使用ICMP的原始套接字,这种套接字只有root才能生成*/
        if((m_sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_RAW,protocol->p_proto))<0)
        {
                //perror("socket error");
                extern int errno;
                pingResult.error = strerror(errno);
                return false;
        }

        /*扩大套接字接收缓冲区到50K这样做主要为了减小接收缓冲区溢出的
          的可能性,若无意中ping一个广播地址或多播地址,将会引来大量应答*/
        setsockopt(m_sockfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVBUF,&size,sizeof(size));

        /*获取main的进程id,用于设置ICMP的标志符*/
        if(!getsockaddr(host.c_str(), &m_dest_addr))
        {
                pingResult.error = "unknow host " + host;
                return false;
        }

        pingResult.ip = inet_ntoa(m_dest_addr.sin_addr);
        sendPacket();  /*发送所有ICMP报文*/
        recvPacket(pingResult);  /*接收所有ICMP报文*/
        pingResult.nsend = m_nsend;
        pingResult.nreceived = m_nreceived;
        close(m_sockfd);
        return true;
}

主程序源代码 main.cpp

#include <stdio.h>

#include "ping.h"

void showPingResult(PingResult pingResult);

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
        if (argc != 2)
        {
                printf("usage: ping <host or ip>\n");
                return 0;
        }

        char * hostOrIp =  argv[1];
        int nsend = 0, nreceived = 0;
        bool ret;
        PingResult pingResult;
        Ping ping = Ping();
        for (int count = 1; count <= 4; count++)
        {
                ret = ping.ping(hostOrIp, 1, pingResult);
                if (count == 1)
                {
                        printf("PING %s(%s): %d bytes data in ICMP packets.\n",hostOrIp, pingResult.ip.c_str(), pingResult.dataLen);
                }

                if (!ret)
                {
                        printf("%s\n", pingResult.error.c_str());
                        break;
                }

                showPingResult(pingResult);
                nsend += pingResult.nsend;
                nreceived += pingResult.nreceived;
        }

        if (ret)
        {
                printf("%d packets transmitted, %d received , %%%d lost\n", nsend, nreceived,
                        (nsend - nreceived) / nsend * 100);
        }

        return 0;
}

void showPingResult(PingResult pingResult)
{
        for (unsigned int icmpEchoReplyIndex=0;icmpEchoReplyIndex<pingResult.icmpEchoReplys.size();icmpEchoReplyIndex++)
        {
                IcmpEchoReply icmpEchoReply = pingResult.icmpEchoReplys.at(icmpEchoReplyIndex);
                if (icmpEchoReply.isReply)
                {
                        printf("%d byte from %s: icmp_seq=%u ttl=%d rtt=%f ms\n",
                                        icmpEchoReply.icmpLen,
                                        icmpEchoReply.fromAddr.c_str(),
                                        icmpEchoReply.icmpSeq,
                                        icmpEchoReply.ipTtl,
                                        icmpEchoReply.rtt);
                } else {
                        printf("request timeout\n");
                }
        }
}

Makefile

ping:
	g++ main.cpp ping.cpp -o ping
clean:
	rm -rf ping

编译并运行

$ make
g++ main.cpp ping.cpp -o ping
$ ls
main.cpp  Makefile  ping  ping.cpp  ping.h
$ sudo ./ping 127.0.0.1
PING 127.0.0.1(127.0.0.1): 56 bytes data in ICMP packets.
64 byte from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 rtt=270.000000 ms
64 byte from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 rtt=270.000000 ms
64 byte from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 rtt=270.000000 ms
64 byte from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 rtt=270.000000 ms
4 packets transmitted, 4 received , %0 lost