第一种 |
Struts2负责流程,Spring负责对象的创建;Action由Struts2框架负责创建;Service由Spring框架负责创建
1.web.xml
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 指定spring的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 使用ContextLoaderListener初始化spring容器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
【注】
- 服务器启动时,通过监听器初始化Spring的配置环境,默认加载解析文件是:/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml,并创建相应的各种对象(防止每次都创建BeanFactory,耗时)
2.struts-config.xml文件
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="loginForm" type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.LoginActionForm"/>
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/login"
type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions.LoginAction"
name="loginForm"
scope="request"
>
<!-- 成功时转向的页面 -->
<forward name="success" path="/login_success.jsp"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
<!-- 使用国际化 -->
<message-resources parameter="MessageResources" />
</struts-config>
3.Action代码
public class LoginAction extends Action {
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
LoginActionForm laf = (LoginActionForm)form;
String username = laf.getUsername();
String passward = laf.getPassword();
BeanFactory factory = WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(request.getSession().getServletContext());
UserManager userManager = (UserManager)factory.getBean("userManager");
userManager.login(username, passward);
return mapping.findForward("success");
}
}
【注】
BeanFactory factory = WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(request.getSession().getServletContext());
- WebApplicationContextUtils是spring提供的工具包
- 作用:直接从ServletContext中拿BeanFactory,因为在web.xml文件中设置了web一启动时就读取applicationContext.xml配置文件创建BeanFactory了,这样节省时间,提高性能
- 返回的是WebApplicationContext接口,不用强制转换,因为WebApplicationContext接口的父接口是BeanFactory
【缺点】
- 在Action中出现了依赖查找,Action依赖Spring的API
第二种 |
Struts2负责流程,Spring负责对象的创建,Action和Service都由Spring框架负责创建。这是常用的集成合并方案。与第一种的不同点:
1.在spring的配置文件中,添加对Action的注入,即Action交给Spring创建,添加如下代码:
<!--必须是name,且值与mapping的path值一样-->
<bean name="/login" class="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions.LoginAction" scope="prototype">
<property name="userManager" ref="userManager"></property>
</bean>
2.struts-config.xml
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="loginForm" type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.LoginActionForm"/>
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/login"
type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy"
name="loginForm"
scope="request"
>
<forward name="success" path="/login_success.jsp"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
<message-resources parameter="MessageResources" />
</struts-config>
【注】
<action-mappings>
的type设置为了Spring为我们提供的Action代理类org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy- Action代理创建BeanFactory,通过getBean()方法取得Action(此处bean就是Action)
return (Action) wac.getBean(beanName, Action.class);
beanName:是mapping.path,getBean()是根据mapping的路径名找到的Action,所以<bean>
不能写id属性,必须写name,且name属性值和struts-config.xml中mapping的路基path名一样
3.Action代码
public class LoginAction extends Action {
UserManager userManager;
public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
this.userManager = userManager;
}
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
LoginActionForm laf = (LoginActionForm)form;
String username = laf.getUsername();
String passward = laf.getPassword();
userManager.login(username, passward);
return mapping.findForward("success");
}
}
【注】
- Action中就可以直接拿UserManger(不用在依赖查找UserManger)