XX项目知识点汇总(1)

1.Spring 开启Annotation <context:annotation-config> 和 <context:component-scan>诠释及区别
<context:annotation-config> 和 <context:component-scan>的区别
<context:annotation-config> 是用于激活那些已经在spring容器里注册过的bean(无论是通过xml的方式还是通过package sanning的方式)上面的注解。
<context:component-scan>除了具有<context:annotation-config>的功能之外,<context:component-scan>还可以在指定的package下扫描以及注册javabean 。
2.关于spring 3.0.5的<mvc:resources> 标签的使用
spring mvc 的<mvc;resources mapping="***" location="***">标签是在spring3.0.4出现的,主要是用来进行静态资源的访问。
在spring3.0.4出来的时候spring还没有更新其schema所以在配置文件中有可能找不到<mvc:resources >标签,这个问题在spring3.0.5中已经解决,
而且网上也有很多其他的解决方案,我在这里就不记录了。
首先使用spring mvc需要配置其使用的servlet.在web.xml中:
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
        </servlet>  
        <servlet-mapping>  
            <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
        </servlet-mapping>  


这里给 servlet-name定义的名称是springMVC,这样的话会在web-inf下spring会自动扫描一个XML文件名叫springMVC-servlet.xml文件,这里都是spring自动扫描的,如果你没有提供,将会报一个文件查找不到的异常。
看了下org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet加载这个文件的过程,貌似这个文件存放的地址也是可以进行设置的,具体怎么搞我还没有研究。
由于spring mvc拦截了所有请求,所以当你设置
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
的时候会影响到静态资源文件的获取,这样就需要有这个标签来帮你分类完成获取静态资源的责任。
springMVC-servlet.xml文件
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">      
        <mvc:resources mapping="/javascript/**" location="/static_resources/javascript/"/>  
        <mvc:resources mapping="/styles/**" location="/static_resources/css/"/>  
        <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/static_resources/images/"/>  
        <mvc:default-servlet-handler />       
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>  
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>  
        </bean>      
    </beans>  


这里可以看到我所有的页面引用到/styles/**的资源都从/static_resources/css里面进行查找。

页面的一段静态资源访问的代码。
    <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core"%>  
    <HTML>  
    <HEAD>  
      <TITLE> ABCDEFG </TITLE>  
    <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="<c:url value='/styles/siteboard.css'/>">  
    ...  
    ...  
    ...  
可能这个标签的真谛就是为了引用资源的访问不会类似CONTROLLER一样被拦截,区分出关注的资源的访问,一般我们在springMVC里面的拦截都会配置为"/",拦截所有的。
3. Spring注解配置定时任务<task:annotation-driven/>
首先在配置文件头部的必须要有:
xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
其次xsi:schemaLocation必须为其添加:
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd
然后spring扫描过程必须涵盖定时任务类所在的目录:
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xx.xx" />
com.xx.xx属于定时任务类的父级甚至更高级
然后设置动作启用定时任务
<task:annotation-driven/>
最后设置任务类
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@Lazy(value=false)
public class MyQuartzs {
    @Scheduled(cron = "*/5 * * * * ?")//每隔5秒执行一次
    public void test() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Test is working......");
    }
    //@Scheduled(cron = "0 0 1 * * ?")//每天凌晨1点整
    //@Scheduled(cron = "0 30 0 * * ?")//每天凌晨0点30分
    //@Scheduled(cron = "0 */60 * * * ?")//1小时处理一次
}
4.spring循环引用的问题
    Bean with name ‘xxxService’ has been injected into other beans [xxxService] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been wrapped.
    This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching – consider using ‘getBeanNamesOfType’
    with the ‘allowEagerInit’ flag turned off, for example.
用的spring版本是2.5.6,之前也有遇到过这种问题,确实是代码设计得比较耦合,将相关逻辑拆分后得到解决。这两天这个问题,不管我如何拆解都如影随形,
已经不是简单的A->B,B->A的循环引用了,而是深层次的逻辑耦合,要解耦比较困难,说明在设计阶段有提高的余地。诡异的是,在融入另一个项目前是不会抛这个错误的,
可见问题可能出在和新项目融合后的配置文件上,简单分析了一下还是不得要领,于是开始启用google了。Juergen Hoeller说:
    This is probably a consequence of the bean initialization order having changed, in combination with auto-proxying and maybe a pointcut that is too broad.
然后他给出了解决方案,有一个参数setAllowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping,默认是false,将其设成true即可。代码如下:
    <span style="font-size:18px">public class MyWebApplicationContext extends XmlWebApplicationContext {    
        @Override  
        protected DefaultListableBeanFactory createBeanFactory() {  
            DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory =  super.createBeanFactory();  
            beanFactory.setAllowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping(true);  
            return beanFactory;  
        }    
    }</span>  

然后在web.xml配置启用此context,
    <span style="font-size:18px"><context-param>  
            <param-name>contextClass</param-name>  
            <param-value>xxx.MyWebApplicationContext</param-value>  
        </context-param></span>  
5.Spring的PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer应用
Spring 利用PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer占位符
1). PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer是个bean工厂后置处理器的实现,也就是 BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的一个实现。
PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer可以将上下文(配置文 件)中的属性值放在另一个单独的标准java Properties文件中去.
在XML文件中用${key}替换指定的properties文件中的值。这样的话,只需要对properties文件进行修改,而不用对xml配置文件进行修改。
2).在Spring中,使用PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer可以在XML配置文件中加入外部属性文件,当然也可以指定外部文件的编码,如:
<bean id="propertyConfigurer"class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
   <property name="location">
    <value>conf/sqlmap/jdbc.properties</value>
   </property>
    <property name="fileEncoding">
      <value>UTF-8</value>
    </property>
</bean>
当然也可以引入多个属性文件,如:
<bean id="propertyConfigurer"class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
  <property name="locations">
   <list>
    <value>/WEB-INF/mail.properties</value>  
    <value>classpath: conf/sqlmap/jdbc.properties</value>//注意这两种value值的写法
   </list>
  </property>
</bean>
3).譬如,jdbc.properties的内容为:
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/mysqldb?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;zeroDateTimeBehavior=round;
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
4).那么在spring配置文件中,我们就可以这样写:
<bean id="propertyConfigurer"class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
  <property name="locations">
   <list>
    <value>classpath: conf/sqlmap/jdbc.properties </value>
   </list>
  </property>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource"class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"destroy-method="close">
  <property name="driverClassName"value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
  <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
  <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
  <property name="password"value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
5).这样,一个简单的数据源就设置完毕了。可以看出:PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer起的作用就是将占位符指向的数据库配置信息放在bean中定义的工具。
6).查看源代码,可以发现,locations属性定义在PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的祖父类 PropertiesLoaderSupport中,而location只有 setter方法。类似于这样的配置,在spring的源程序中很常见的。
PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer如果在指定的Properties文件中找不到你想使用的属性,它还会在Java的System类属性中查找。

我们可以通过System.setProperty(key, value)或者java中通过-Dnamevalue来给Spring配置文件传递参数。

6. Maven中Pom文件打包配置build

方法一
<build>
    <finalName>###架包名###</finalName>
    <sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
    <resources>
        <!-- 控制资源文件的拷贝 -->
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <targetPath>${project.build.directory}</targetPath>
            <!-- excludes和includes二选一使用即可 -->
            <!-- 不包含的文件,支持通配符 -->
            <excludes>
                <exclude>*.txt</exclude>
            </excludes>
            <!-- 包含的文件,支持通配符 -->
            <includes>
                <include>*.properties</include>
            </includes>
        </resource>
    </resources>
    <plugins>
        <!-- 设置源文件编码方式 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <defaultLibBundleDir>lib</defaultLibBundleDir>
                <source>1.7</source>
                <target>1.7</target>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 打包jar文件时,配置manifest文件,加入lib包的jar依赖 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                        <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                        <mainClass>com.eya.main.Hello</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 拷贝依赖的jar包到lib目录 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>copy</id>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <outputDirectory>
                            ${project.build.directory}/lib
                        </outputDirectory>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 解决资源文件的编码问题 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <configuration>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 打包source文件为jar文件(源码,可选) -->
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <attach>true</attach>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>compile</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>jar</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
<profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>wuxiA</id>
            <build>
                <filters>
                    <filter>路径/application-环境名.properties</filter>
                </filters>
            </build>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>wuxiB</id>
            <build>
                <filters>
                    <filter>路径/application-环境名.properties</filter>
                </filters>
            </build>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>dev</id>
            <build>
                <filters>
                    <filter>路径/application-环境名.properties</filter>
                </filters>
            </build>
        </profile>
    </profiles>
方法二:
<build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.0</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer
                                    implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <mainClass>com.test.testguava.app.App</mainClass>
                                </transformer>
                                <transformer
                                    implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                    <resource>applicationContext.xml</resource>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                            <shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
                            <shadedClassifierName>executable</shadedClassifierName>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>wuxiA</id>
            <build>
                <filters>
                    <filter>路径/application-环境名.properties</filter>
                </filters>
            </build>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>wuxiB</id>
            <build>
                <filters>
                    <filter>路径/application-环境名.properties</filter>
                </filters>
            </build>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>dev</id>
            <build>
                <filters>
                    <filter>路径/application-环境名.properties</filter>
                </filters>
            </build>
        </profile>
    </profiles>

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