C++基础知识实例

C++基础知识实例

在考研复试复习C++的过程中（虽然我基本上忘光了），使用了清华大学出版社郑莉的教材，下面这个例子综合运用了前四章全部的知识，算是对基础知识的巩固吧。例子很简单，就是一个点类一个线段类，线段类含有两个点类的对象，和一个长度值。

还是直接上代码吧

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

class line;

class Point 
{
    public:
        Point(float x1=0,float y1=0);
        Point(Point &P);
        ~Point()
        {
            cout << "Point类析构函数被调用" <<endl; 
        };
        void Set_point(float x2,float y2);
        void Set_point(line line1);
        float Get_x()
        {
            return x;
        };
        float Get_y()
        {
            return y;
        };
    private:
        float x;
        float y;
};

class line
{
    public:
        line(Point P11,Point P22);
        line(line &line);
        ~line()
        {
            cout << "line类的析构函数被调用" << endl; 
        } 
        float Get_len(){return len;}
        void Get_P(void)
        {
            cout<< "(" <<P1.Get_x() <<","<<P1.Get_y() <<") " ;
            cout<< "(" <<P2.Get_x() <<","<<P2.Get_y() <<")" <<endl;
        } 
        Point Get_P2(void);
    private:
        Point P1,P2;
        float len;
};

Point::Point(float x1,float y1)
{
    x=x1;
    y=y1;
    cout << "Point类构造函数被调用" << endl; 
}

Point::Point(Point &P)
{
    x = P.x;
    y = P.y;
    cout << "Point类拷贝构造函数被调用" <<endl;
}

inline void Point::Set_point(float x2,float y2)
{
    x=x2;
    y=y2;
};

/*void Point::Set_point(line line1)
{
    x = line1.Get_P2().Get_x();
    y = line1.Get_P2().Get_y();
    cout << endl <<"Point类使用line类的对象" <<endl;
}*/ 
inline void Point::Set_point(line line1)
{
    x = line1.Get_P2().Get_x();
    y = line1.Get_P2().Get_y();
    cout << endl <<"Point类使用line类的对象" <<endl;
}

line::line(Point P11,Point P22):P1(P11),P2(P22)//参数表如常，只需要指明内嵌对象即可，这里要注意两次传递 
{
    cout << "line类的构造函数被调用" <<endl; 
    float len1 = P2.Get_x()-P1.Get_x();
    float len2 = P2.Get_y()-P1.Get_y(); //说明即使是内嵌对象，不同类之间也不可以直接使用 
    len = sqrt(len1*len1 + len2*len2);
    cout << "len=" <<len <<endl; 
};

line::line(line &line)
{
    P1=line.P1;
    P2=line.P2;
    len = line.len;
    cout << "line类的拷贝构造函数被调用"<<endl; 
}

Point line::Get_P2(void)
{
    return P2;
}

int main()
{
    Point P1,P2(1.0,2.0);
    cout << "P1的坐标为:("<<P1.Get_x()<<","<<P1.Get_y()<<")"<<endl;
    cout << "P2的坐标为:("<<P2.Get_x()<<","<<P2.Get_y()<<")"<<endl;
    Point P3(P1);//这里是引用，所以拷贝构造函数被调用一次 
    cout << "P3的坐标为:("<<P3.Get_x()<<","<<P3.Get_y()<<")"<<endl; 
    line line1(P1,P2);
    cout << "line1的长度为：" <<line1.Get_len()<<endl;
    line line2(line1);
    cout << "line2的长度为：" <<line1.Get_len()<<endl;
    cout << "line2的坐标为："; 
    line2.Get_P(); 
    cout <<endl;
    Point P4;
    P4.Set_point(line2);
    cout << "P4的坐标为:("<<P4.Get_x()<<","<<P4.Get_y()<<")"<<endl;
    cout <<endl;
    return 0;
}

//我是真牛逼啊！