python ORM 实例原理

# 通过实例类对象来操作sql语句!!就是所谓的ORM
class ModelMetaclass(type):
    def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
        mappings = dict()
        # 判断是否需要保存
        for k, v in attrs.items():
            # 判断是否是指定的StringField或者IntegerField的实例对象
            if isinstance(v, tuple):
                print('Found mapping: %s ==> %s' % (k, v))
                mappings[k] = v

        # 删除这些已经在字典中存储的属性
        for k in mappings.keys():
            attrs.pop(k)

        # 将之前的uid/name/email/password以及对应的对象引用,类名字
        attrs['__mappings__'] = mappings  # 保存属性和列的映射关系
        attrs['__table__'] = name  # 假设表名和类名一致
        return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)


class User(metaclass=ModelMetaclass):
    uid = ("uid", "int unsigned")
    name = ("username", "varchar(30)")
    email = ("email", "varchar(30)")
    password = ("password", "varchar(30)")

    # 当指定元类之后,以上的类属性将不在类中,而是在__mappings__属性指定的字典中存储
    # 以上User类中有
    # __mappings__ = {
    #     "uid" : ("uid", "int unsigned"),
    #     "name" : ("username", "varchar(30)"),
    #     "email" : ("email", "varchar(30)"),
    #     "password" : ("password", "varchar(30)"),
    # }
    # __table__ = "User"

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        for name, value in kwargs.items():
            setattr(self, name, value)
            # self.name = value

    def save(self):
        fields = []
        args = []
        for k, v in self.__mappings__.items():
            fields.append(v[0])
            args.append(getattr(self, k, None))

        # sql = 'inset into %s (%s) values (%s)' % (self.__table__,','.join(fields), ','.join([str(i) for i in args]))

        args_temp = list()
        for temp in args:
            # 判断如果是数字类型
            if isinstance(temp, int):
                args_temp.append(str(temp))
            elif isinstance(temp, str):
                args_temp.append("""'%s'""" % temp)
        sql = 'insert into %s (%s) value (%s)' % (self.__table__, ','.join(fields), ','.join(args_temp))
        print("SQL: %s" % sql)


u = User(uid=12345, name='Michael', email='test@orm.org', password='my_pwd')
print(u.__dict__)
u.save()