【HarmonyOS NEXT】使用RSA非对称密钥分段加解密

加密

调用cryptoFramework.createAsyKeyGenerator、AsyKeyGenerator.generateKeyPair，生成RSA密钥类型为RSA1024、素数个数为2（不填默认）的非对称密钥对（KeyPair）。KeyPair对象中包括公钥PubKey、私钥PriKey。

如何生成RSA非对称密钥对，开发者可参考下文示例，并结合非对称密钥生成和转换规格：RSA和随机生成非对称密钥对理解，参考文档与当前示例可能存在入参差异，请在阅读时注意区分。

调用cryptoFramework.createCipher，指定字符串参数'RSA1024|PKCS1'，创建非对称密钥类型为RSA1024、填充模式为PKCS1的Cipher实例，用于完成加解密操作。​​​​​​​

调用Cipher.init，设置模式为加密（CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE），指定加密密钥（KeyPair.PubKey），初始化加密Cipher实例。

多次调用Cipher.doFinal，传入明文，获取加密后的数据。

doFinal输出结果可能为null，在访问具体数据前，需要先判断结果是否为null，避免产生异常。

此处将明文按64个字节一组拆分，多次加密。使用1024位密钥，每次将生成128字节密文。

解密

由于RSA算法的Cipher实例不支持重复init操作，需要调用cryptoFramework.createCipher，重新生成Cipher实例。​​​​​​​

调用Cipher.init，设置模式为解密（CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE），指定解密密钥（KeyPair.PriKey）初始化解密Cipher实例。PKCS1模式无加密参数，直接传入null。​​​​​​​

多次调用Cipher.doFinal，传入密文，获取解密后的数据。

• 异步方法示例：

• import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit';
  import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS';
  // 分段加密消息
  async function rsaEncryptBySegment(pubKey: cryptoFramework.PubKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
    let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('RSA1024|PKCS1');
    await cipher.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey, null);
    let plainTextSplitLen = 64;
    let cipherText = new Uint8Array();
    for (let i = 0; i < plainText.data.length; i += plainTextSplitLen ) {
      let updateMessage = plainText.data.subarray(i, i + plainTextSplitLen );
      let updateMessageBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: updateMessage };
      // 将原文按64字符进行拆分，循环调用doFinal进行加密，使用1024bit密钥时，每次加密生成128字节长度的密文
      let updateOutput = await cipher.doFinal(updateMessageBlob);
      let mergeText = new Uint8Array(cipherText.length + updateOutput.data.length);
      mergeText.set(cipherText);
      mergeText.set(updateOutput.data, cipherText.length);
      cipherText = mergeText;
    }
    let cipherBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: cipherText };
    return cipherBlob;
  }
  // 分段解密消息
  async function rsaDecryptBySegment(priKey: cryptoFramework.PriKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
    let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('RSA1024|PKCS1');
    await decoder.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey, null);
    let cipherTextSplitLen = 128; // RSA密钥每次加密生成的密文字节长度计算方式：密钥位数/8
    let decryptText = new Uint8Array();
    for (let i = 0; i < cipherText.data.length; i += cipherTextSplitLen) {
      let updateMessage = cipherText.data.subarray(i, i + cipherTextSplitLen);
      let updateMessageBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: updateMessage };
      // 将密文按128字节进行拆分解密，得到原文后进行拼接
      let updateOutput = await decoder.doFinal(updateMessageBlob);
      let mergeText = new Uint8Array(decryptText.length + updateOutput.data.length);
      mergeText.set(decryptText);
      mergeText.set(updateOutput.data, decryptText.length);
      decryptText = mergeText;
    }
    let decryptBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: decryptText };
    return decryptBlob;
  }
  async function rsaEncryptLongMessage() {
    let message = "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!";
    let asyKeyGenerator = cryptoFramework.createAsyKeyGenerator("RSA1024"); // 创建非对称密钥生成器对象
    let keyPair = await asyKeyGenerator.generateKeyPair(); // 随机生成RSA密钥
    let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) };
    let encryptText = await rsaEncryptBySegment(keyPair.pubKey, plainText);
    let decryptText = await rsaDecryptBySegment(keyPair.priKey, encryptText);
    if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) {
      console.info('decrypt ok');
      console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8'));
    } else {
      console.error('decrypt failed');
    }
  }

• 同步方法示例：

  import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit';
  import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS';
  // 分段加密消息
  function rsaEncryptBySegment(pubKey: cryptoFramework.PubKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
    let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('RSA1024|PKCS1');
    cipher.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey, null);
    let plainTextSplitLen = 64;
    let cipherText = new Uint8Array();
    for (let i = 0; i < plainText.data.length; i += plainTextSplitLen ) {
      let updateMessage = plainText.data.subarray(i, i + plainTextSplitLen );
      let updateMessageBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: updateMessage };
      // 将原文按64字符进行拆分，循环调用doFinal进行加密，使用1024bit密钥时，每次加密生成128字节长度的密文
      let updateOutput = cipher.doFinalSync(updateMessageBlob);
      let mergeText = new Uint8Array(cipherText.length + updateOutput.data.length);
      mergeText.set(cipherText);
      mergeText.set(updateOutput.data, cipherText.length);
      cipherText = mergeText;
    }
    let cipherBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: cipherText };
    return cipherBlob;
  }
  // 分段解密消息
  function rsaDecryptBySegment(priKey: cryptoFramework.PriKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
    let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('RSA1024|PKCS1');
    decoder.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey, null);
    let cipherTextSplitLen = 128; // RSA密钥每次加密生成的密文字节长度计算方式：密钥位数/8
    let decryptText = new Uint8Array();
    for (let i = 0; i < cipherText.data.length; i += cipherTextSplitLen) {
      let updateMessage = cipherText.data.subarray(i, i + cipherTextSplitLen);
      let updateMessageBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: updateMessage };
      // 将密文按128字节进行拆分解密，得到原文后进行拼接
      let updateOutput = decoder.doFinalSync(updateMessageBlob);
      let mergeText = new Uint8Array(decryptText.length + updateOutput.data.length);
      mergeText.set(decryptText);
      mergeText.set(updateOutput.data, decryptText.length);
      decryptText = mergeText;
    }
    let decryptBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: decryptText };
    return decryptBlob;
  }
  async function main() {
    let message = "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!" +
      "This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest! This is a long plainTest!";
    let asyKeyGenerator = cryptoFramework.createAsyKeyGenerator("RSA1024"); // 创建非对称密钥生成器对象
    let keyPair = await asyKeyGenerator.generateKeyPair(); // 随机生成RSA密钥
    let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) };
    let encryptText = rsaEncryptBySegment(keyPair.pubKey, plainText);
    let decryptText = rsaDecryptBySegment(keyPair.priKey, encryptText);
    if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) {
      console.info('decrypt ok');
      console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8'));
    } else {
      console.error('decrypt failed');
    }
  }